Search results for "psyc"

Influence of label and location of testing on acceptability of cream cheese varying in fat content

1995

The acceptability of low-, medium- and high-fat versions of a cream cheese to consumers was measured in different conditions by rating overall distance from ideal. The influence of label (unlabelled vs. commercial package) differed according to the cream cheese fat-level habits of the assessors and to the fat level of the product. In labelled testing, high-fat cream cheese was more highly accepted by high- and medium-fat users and low-fat cream cheese seemed to be further from ideal for high-fat users. The location of testing (home vs. laboratory) affected the rating of only the high-fat product: consumers are more severe on it at home than in the laboratory.

L'enfant face aux aliments: d'avant-goûts en préférences en programmations

2008

Inherited Neuromuscular Disorders: Which Role for Serum Biomarkers?

2021

Inherited neuromuscular disorders (INMD) are a heterogeneous group of rare diseases that involve muscles, motor neurons, peripheral nerves or the neuromuscular junction. Several different lab abnormalities have been linked to INMD: sometimes they are typical of the disorder, but they usually appear to be less specific. Sometimes serum biomarkers can point out abnormalities in presymtomatic or otherwise asymptomatic patients (e.g., carriers). More often a biomarker of INMD is evaluated by multiple clinicians other than expert in NMD before the diagnosis, because of the multisystemic involvement in INMD. The authors performed a literature search on biomarkers in inherited neuromuscular disord…

Optical activation of TrkB neurotrophin receptor in mouse ventral hippocampus promotes plasticity and facilitates fear extinction

2021

AbstractSuccessful extinction of traumatic memories depends on neuronal plasticity in the fear extinction network. However, the mechanisms involved in the extinction process remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the fear extinction network by using a new optogenetic technique that allows temporal and spatial control of neuronal plasticity in vivo. We optimized an optically inducible TrkB (CKII-optoTrkB), the receptor of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which can be activated upon blue light exposure to increase plasticity specifically in pyramidal neurons. The activation of CKII-optoTrkB facilitated the induction of LTP in Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses after brief theta-b…

“Is there any sugar in bread?” A qualitative video analysis of student activating learning tasks in Home Economics

2021

The Norwegian Food and Health (FH) school subject aims to develop students' ability to understand the association between diet and health. Research on FH in Norway indicates that the main focus today is on cooking and the development of practical cooking skills, leaving little emphasis on activities related to the more theoretical aspects of the curriculum. To increase students’ knowledge and skills regarding nutrition and health, we aimed to evaluate three newly developed student-activating learning tasks. Three 6th grade FH classes in Southern Norway participated. Audio and video recording of the learning tasks were used to evaluate the activities. Also, data from focus group discussions …

2021

A substantial body of research has shown worse health conditions for East- vs. West-Germany in the wake of reunification. In the present study, we investigate how these differences between the two formerly divided regions developed and what maintains them. Specifically, we consider the associations between health status, income satisfaction, and health-related locus of control. In a quasi-experimental and longitudinal study design, we are particularly interested in the differences between individuals who stayed in East-Germany and those who were born in the East but migrated to West-Germany. To this end, we examined data from seven waves of the Saxony Longitudinal Study (2003–2009). Specifi…

2020

Abstract A burgeoning body of literature suggests that poor childhood health leads to adverse health outcomes, lower educational attainment and weaker labour market outcomes in adulthood. We focus on an important but under-researched topic, which is the role played by infection-related hospitalization (IRH) in childhood and its links to labour market outcomes later in life. The participants aged 24–30 years in 2001 N = 1706 were drawn from the Young Finns Study, which includes comprehensive registry data on IRHs in childhood at ages 0–18 years. These data are linked to longitudinal registry information on labour market outcomes (2001–2012) and parental background (1980). The estimations wer…

When age means safety: Data to assess trends and differences on rule knowledge, risk perception, aberrant and positive road behaviors, and traffic cr…

2019

This data article examines the association between age, knowledge of traffic rules, risk perception, risky and positive behaviors on the road and traffic safety outcomes of cyclists. The data was collected using a structured self-administrable and online-based questionnaire, applied to a full sample of 1064 cyclists. The data contains 4 parts: descriptive statistics; graphical trends for each study variable according to age; Post-Hoc (Tukey-HSD) comparisons between cyclists classified in the different age groups; and, finally, the dataset for further explorations in this regard. For further information, it is convenient to read the full article entitled "Explaining Self-Reported Traffic Cra…

Understanding the placebo effect from an evolutionary perspective

2013

Abstract A placebo is a treatment which is not effective through its direct action on the body, but works because of its effect on the patient's beliefs. From an evolutionary perspective, it is initially puzzling why, if people are capable of recovering, they need a placebo to do so. Based on an argument put forward by Humphrey [Great expectations: the evolutionary psychology of faith-healing and the placebo effect. In: Humphrey, N (2002). The mind made flesh. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 255–285], we present simple mathematical models of the placebo effect that involve a trade-off between the costs and benefits of allocating resources to a current problem. These models show why the eff…

On the consistency of liking scores : insights from a study including 917 consumers from 10 to 80 years old

2004

Preference for 7 orange juices was recorded monadically. Three of the samples were replicates of the same juice (RJ). The 4 other samples were RJ slightly spiked with either sucrose, or citric acid, or quinine or an orange flavor. Each subject then performed a paired preference test composed of RJ and the modified juice whose score was the furthest from the RJ score. Finally, subjects were asked to choose one among 8 reasons why they preferred that sample. A number of individual statistics were computed in order to compare the consistency of liking scores within session, across ages and between genders. Women were slightly more consistent than men. However, no significant effect of age nor …