Search results for "pta"

Successful adaptation of immigrants to Finland : can cultural fusion work?

2017

Immigration numbers in Finland are growing, more than doubling in the past decade, with immigrants arriving from increasingly diverse regions of the world. An attempt should be made to understand what are the factors that lead immigrants to finding happiness, and to mitigate the apparent rise in assimilation and anti-immigrant attitude in Finland. Most of the interviewees (n=16; 7 females, 9 males) have embedded themselves in dispersed communities, with connections from the workplace, studies, or common interests (e.g., religion, hobbies) that rarely including their immediate neighbors. Several reported a comfort in their own uniqueness. Some pointed to the kindness of Finns as integral to …

Ortodoksisen siirtoväen kontrolloitu sopeutuminen. Sosiaalinen kontrolli sopeuttamisen välineenä

2012

Climate change and reindeer management in Finland : Co-analysis of practitioner knowledge and meteorological data for better adaptation

2020

We studied interannual variability and changes over time in selected climate indices in the reindeer management area (RMA) in northern Finland. We present together the knowledge possessed by reindeer herders with information from meteorological measurements over three decades. The practitioner knowledge was gathered via a survey questionnaire addressing herder observations of long-term changes (approximately during the past 30 years) in climatic conditions and their impacts on herding during the four seasons. A set of temperature-, precipitation- and snow-related indices relevant for herding within the RMA was derived from spatially interpolated daily meteorological data (1981–2010). Climat…

Interpersonal relationships of immigrant students

2011

This study explores the interpersonal relationships of immigrant students. This is a current topic because immigration to Finland has increased rapidly and student groups are more diverse than ever before. The aim is to study immigrant students’ experiences and expectations of their interpersonal relationships and how they develop and maintain them, and also to understand how interpersonal relationships affect the immigrant students’ adaptation to the new environment. This study is qualitative. The theoretical part of the study is based on the theories related to interpersonal relationships, uncertainty management, and identity. The Stress-adaptation-growth dynamic process model of Kim (200…

Role of trust in cross-cultural adaptation : the perspective of international degree students at a Finnish university

2008

Half-Arab, half-Finnish exceptional third culture kids : adapting to life in Finland

2008

Biological adaptation in light of the Lewontin–Williams (a)symmetry

2022

Neo-Darwinism characterises biological adaptation as a one-sided process, in which organisms adapt to their environment but not vice versa. This asymmetric relationship – here called Williams’ asymmetry – is called into question by Niche Construction Theory, which emphasises that organisms and their environments often mutually affect each other. Here we clarify that Williams’ asymmetry is specifically concerned with (quasi-) directed modifications towards phenotypes that increase individual fitness. This directedness – which drives the adaptive fit between organism and environment – entails far more than the mere presence of cause-effect relationships. We argue that difficulties with invoki…

The evolution of temperature tolerance and invasiveness in a fluctuating thermal environment

2016

The consequences of the climate change on species are still uncertain, despite of intensive research. Currently, rising temperature is not the only concern, since the climate change scenarios also predict increases in the amount of disturbances, such as storms, floods, and thermal fluctuations. Disturbances have also been shown to affect species’ evolution, for example by selecting for traits that are advantageous in fluctuating environments but are also facilitating invasiveness. In this thesis, I study the consequences of evolving in a fluctuating thermal environment by utilizing bacterial microcosms. First I tested the effects of fluctuating vs. constant temperature on the evolution of t…

Computational Rationality as a Theory of Interaction

2022

Funding Information: This work was funded by the Finnish Center for AI and Academy of Finland (“BAD” and “Human Automata”). We thank our reviewers, Xiuli Chen, Joerg Mueller, Christian Guckelsberger, Sebastiaan de Peuter, Samuel Kaski, Pierre-Alexandre Murena, Antti Keuru-lainen, Suyog Chandramouli, and Roderick Murray-Smith for their comments. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 ACM. How do people interact with computers? This fundamental question was asked by Card, Moran, and Newell in 1983 with a proposition to frame it as a question about human cognition - in other words, as a matter of how information is processed in the mind. Recently, the question has been reframed as one of adaptation: how …

Early life of fathers affects offspring fitness in a wild rodent

2019

Intergenerational fitness effects on offspring due to the early life of the parent are well studied from the standpoint of the maternal environment, but intergenerational effects owing to the paternal early life environment are often overlooked. Nonetheless, recent laboratory studies in mammals and ecologically relevant studies in invertebrates predict that paternal effects can have a major impact on the offspring's phenotype. These non‐genetic, environment‐dependent paternal effects provide a mechanism for fathers to transmit environmental information to their offspring, and could allow rapid adaptation. We used the bank vole Myodes glareolus, a wild rodent species with no paternal care, t…