Search results for "public opinion."
showing 10 items of 115 documents
International Bioethics Committees: Conditions for a Good Deliberation
2016
One of the most relevant effects of bioethics emergence has been the spread of deliberative bodies on bioethics matters. Their features are very wide, depending upon the entity that creates them, their regional scope, the issues they deal with, the ruling strength of their agreements, etc. Among them, international bioethics committees are particularly relevant due to the huge impact of their work on global public opinion, as well as on the policies approved by governments all around the world. These bodies are presumed to adopt their decisions, as well as the other bioethics committees, after deliberating on facts and values (Gracia 2001).
Il Polar prima del Polar: il poliziesco italo-americano tra fine Ottocento e gli anni Trenta del Novecento
2018
Tra la fine dell’Ottocento e gli anni Trenta del Novecento, alcuni Italiani immigrati negli Stati Uniti – quali, fra gli altri, Bernardino Ciambelli, Italo Stanco, Garibaldi Marto Lapolla, Louis Forgione, nonché il sodalizio letterario costituito da Michael Fiaschetti e Prosper Buranelli – si sono cimentati nel genere del poliziesco con alcuni testi che, partendo da alcune delle caratteristiche tipiche del Mystery, quali la serializzazione e l’incardinamento della fabula in uno specifico contesto urbano, insieme ad alcuni degli elementi caratteriali dei personaggi dell’Hard boiled non perdono mai di vista la peculiare ‘missione’ di denuncia politica, economica e sociale. Facendo del problem…
Comunicare la ricerca. Il caso della Provide Communication Strategy
2022
Il saggio presenta le fasi di programmazione e realizzazione della communication strategy nell'ambito del progetto Provide, che ha analizzato il sistema di asilo in Italia, Spagna e Francia, focalizzando l'attenzione sulle buone pratiche rilevate nell’accoglienza e sostegno ai rifugiati e richiedenti asilo, che sono stati vittime di violenza di prossimità. Alla base della communication strategy sono stati il riconoscimento della centralità del fattore comunicativo sia sul piano della progressiva disseminazione dei risultati, che su quello decisivo della possibilità di giungere al prodotto finale servendosi, in tutte le fasi del progetto, di costanti circuiti comunicativi multidirezionali tr…
The contribution of Shenbao 申報 to the perception of Italian cultural traditions in late Qing China (1872–1911). A Preliminary Survey
2017
The interaction between China and Europe during the late Qing period was ac- companied by a prosperous cross-cultural exchange. One of the most outstanding results of such contact was the formation of a modern Chinese press from the combination of Western journalism and Chinese gazettes. The Shenbao was one of the most representative newspapers of this cultural phenomenon. For nearly forty years of the Imperial period, Italy appeared in over two thousand articles, with a significant selection focused on Italian cultural production and historic tradition. This article aims to propose a multifaceted portrait of Italian cultural heritage of- fered to Chinese readership by the Shenbao. Topics o…
Hate Speech as an Indicator for the State of the Society
2022
Abstract. Previous research indicates that user comments serve as exemplars and thus have an effect on perceived public opinion. Moreover, they also shape the attitudes of their readers. However, studies almost exclusively focus on controversial issues if they explore the consequences of user comments for attitudes and perceived public opinion. The current study wants to find out if hate speech attacking social groups due to characteristics such as religion or sexual orientation also has an effect on the way people think about these groups and how they think society perceives them. Moreover, we also investigated the effects of hate speech on prejudiced attitudes. To explore the hypotheses a…
More Choice for Better Choosers: Political Freedom, Autonomy, and Happiness
2016
A substantial literature finds that freedom in the sense of an expanded opportunity set is positively related to happiness. A contrasting literature, however, finds that an excess of choice can have socially undesirable outcomes. We test the effect of two types of freedom—autonomy and political—on happiness using five waves of World Values Survey data (1981–2008). We find evidence supporting the claim that equipping people with the tools to direct the course of their lives (i.e. increasing autonomy freedom) incentivizes the desire to investigate alternatives (e.g. political parties) before making a decision. The effect of freedoms on happiness is diminished in contexts where individuals hav…
Instrumentalizing Fukushima: Comparing Media Coverage of Fukushima in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland
2015
According to the theory of instrumental actualization in mediated conflicts, the mass media tend to exaggerate events consistent with the editorial line. This theory was tested using press coverage in Germany, Switzerland, France, and the United Kingdom on the Japanese seaquake, the tsunami it caused, and the nuclear disaster of Fukushima. Within a period of seven weeks after the seaquake, the coverage in the four countries in 27 national newspapers and magazines on the three events was analyzed. As hypothesized from theory, German and Swiss media concentrated on Fukushima and stressed its relevance to domestic nuclear plants, whereas French and British media placed a greater emphasis on th…
Cicero and the Opinion of the People: The Nature, Role and Power of Public Opinion in the Late Roman Republic
2007
Abstract This article deals with the concept of public opinion in the life and works of the Roman orator, philosopher and politician Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 BC). It is conceptualized as a contribution to the historiography of public opinion theory. The basis for the analysis of Cicero’s body of thought is his complete oeuvre: almost 800 letters, about 60 speeches and more than 20 treatises. After an introduction to the concepts of public opinion, the article is subdivided into four sections. First, Cicero’s terms and definitions of public opinion are excerpted from his speeches and philosophical treatises. Second, the text depicts which role and qualities Cicero attributed to public o…
Turkey's bid for EU membership, contrasting views of public opinion, and vote choice. Evidence from the 2005 German federal election
2008
Abstract This paper examines the effects of attitudes toward Turkey's entry into the European Union on vote choice in the 2005 federal election in Germany. Building on prior research, the paper contrasts the elitist and the policy voting view. The evidence shows that citizens' opinions about Turkey's accession to the European Union do not merely reflect group-memberships and political predispositions. They also play a role in influencing voting behaviour with support of Turkey's entry raising the likelihood to vote for the SPD or the Greens while reducing the probability to cast a vote for right-wing parties, the CDU/CSU and the FDP. Finally, low educated voters are disproportionately susce…
Popolo e opinione pubblica nel pensiero di Luigi Sturzo
2021
Luigi Sturzo si occupa di opinione pubblica in relazione al sistema di governo. Secondo Sturzo, «in via generale il popolo, come opinione pubblica, riesce ad essere una forza di controllo e di limitazione dello Stato o meglio degli organi statali che si presume eseguano la sua volontà. Ciò avviene per una fondamentale esigenza della società politica, quella della limitazione dei poteri». Ma non è solo questo. In quell’equilibrio di libertà e autorità di cui spesso parla Sturzo, è necessario che i cittadini abbiano un ruolo; che tutti possano godere della libertà e partecipare al governo non in quanto individui isolati, ma come popolo organizzato e consapevole. Luigi Sturzo deals with public…