Search results for "public policy"
showing 10 items of 238 documents
Artificial Social Ethics: Simulating Culture, Conflict, and Cooperation
2020
In recent years advances in computational modeling and social simulation technologies have enabled scientists to identify some of the conditions under which – and the mechanisms by which – conflict and cooperation within and across human cultures are likely to emerge. There are significant ethical concerns surrounding the increased capacity and growing use of such computer tools to guide public policy discussions. The purpose of this paper is to propose and promote an "artificial social ethics" approach to addressing these concerns and illustrate its application in relation to three agent-based models implemented within the Artificial Society Analytics Platform. We conclude with a brief dis…
ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEUR’S MOTIVATION TO START BUSINESS (COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN LATVIA IN COMPARISON WITH CANADA, USA, MEXICO)
2014
Business start is important issue from government policy side as well as it has interests of academic researchers worldwide. Researcher attention is paid on decision to start or not to start business (Townsend, et al, 2010), on issues on business takeover or new venture start (Parker, et al, 2012), different approaches in business start – up are analysed (Chwolka and Raith, 2012), there are made evaluations of different research conducted in this area during half a decade (Lambert and Davidson, 2013), made comparisons and cross – country investigations (Clerq, et al, 2012), made different kinds of forecasts (Cassar, 2014). Researchers are interested in performance expectations of entreprene…
Electoral Debates. The Last Stronghold Against Mediatization? A Case Study of the 2015 Spanish General Elections
2018
26 Páginas La mediatización de la política alcanza su máxima expresión con motivo de las campañas electorales, en las que los actores políticos se afanan por lanzar sus mensajes persuasivos al espacio público, con el fin de acceder y, en última instancia, convencer al electorado. Este artículo se propone analizar el discurso político en los debates electorales televisados durante la campaña de las elecciones generales españolas de diciembre de 2015. El objetivo del análisis es observar qué temas destacaron en las intervenciones de los actores políticos y determinar si la mediatización afecta el contenido de los debates electorales, o si, por el contrario, estos espacios se mantienen como fo…
On the trail of local welfare innovations in rural Finland
2019
Final Draft In Finland, the rural areas have been most affected by the developments threatening the survival of the welfare state as well as by conflicting efforts to save it. However, there are rural communities that have—as a response to the mainstream policy emphasizing economic efficiency and individual responsibility—developed innovative solutions to secure their welfare. Based on a case study focusing on two of such communities, these local welfare innovations are a result from a combination of external causes and local resources including the sense of community and a diverse enough community structure. The authors argue that in the context of welfare policy, the promotion of local we…
Zaangażowanie muzeum w proces komunikowania o zmianie klimatu
2019
In this paper I addressed the issue of the engagement of museums in climate change. The problem of climate change is so important in the current social context that, despite its difficult political connotations, it cannot be ignored by museums, especially if we consider a museum as an element of a public sphere. Climate change is a challenge in 21st century. Climate change will present challenges that are of long-term nature, multidimensional and global phenomenon. It could impact directly on museums. I assume museums can provide a safe place for dialogue around climate change. Museums can also inform publics about the science of climate change and help to equip people with knowledge, shape…
Muzeum jako instytucja odpowiedzialna społecznie. Rola muzeum w debacie na temat zmian klimatycznych
2019
W artykule analizuję możliwości zaangażowania muzeum w problem zmian klimatycznych. Zagadnienie to jest na tyle istotną kwestią w dzisiejszym dyskursie społecznym, że pomimo jego trudnych konotacji politycznych nie może być pomijane przez muzea, szczególnie jeśli rozpatrujemy je jako instytucje sfery publicznej. Zmiana klimatu to jedno z największych wyzwań, z jakim musimy się zmierzyć w XXI w. Następstwa zmian klimatycznych są długotrwałe, wielowymiarowe i mają charakter globalny – będą miały również bezpośredni wpływ na przyszłą działalność muzeum. Muzeum – jako instytucja publiczna – nieustannie dostosowuje swoją ofertę do zmieniających się okoliczności społecznych. Zaangażowanie muzeum …
Evaluation of investment subsidies - When is deadweight effect zero?
2008
In the evaluation of investment subsidies one of the critical issues concerns the assessment of deadweight, that is, the degree to which projects would have been carried out without grant assistance. With the increasing restrictions on and cuts in subsidies for investment projects in the EU countries maximisation of the impact of the public resources that remain can be achieved through their allocation for projects with minimum deadweight. This paper studies the profile of subsidised zero deadweight investment projects – projects that would be abandoned without public subsidies – in Finland. The empirical analysis is conducted using micro level data on investment projects by private sector …
The measurement of economic, social and environmental performance of countries: a novel approach
2010
This paper presents a new analytical framework for assessing spatial disparities among countries. It takes for granted that the analysis of a country's performance cannot be limited solely to either economic or social factors. The aim of the paper is to combine relevant economic and 'non-economic' (mainly social) aspects of a country's performance in an integrated logical framework. Based on this idea, a structural simultaneous equation model will be presented and estimated in order to explore the direction of the causal relationship between economic and non-economic aspects of a country's performance. Furthermore, an exploration of the trajectory that each country has registered over time …
Agricultural Policy and the Struggle over the Destiny of Collective Farms in Estonia
1999
The principal goal of several Estonian governments has been the privatization of agriculture, replacing large collective farms with western family farms. This has happened despite a clear majority of kolkhoz and sovkhoz workers who favoured preserving the system of large-scale farms. The abstract restitutionalist and ultra-liberalist ideas became a fixed dogma, unconnected with resolving immediate pragmatic problems, because government policy was not articulated with the interests of the agricultural population. Nevertheless, the large-scale system has been partially preserved thanks to the resistance of the rural population. In many respects the outcome of decollectivization also depended …
Employment and Local Development Policies as Instruments of Social Inclusion: An Empirical Evaluation of Their Scope
2012
¿Podemos afirmar que las políticas activas por y para el empleo y el desarrollo local son verdaderas políticas de lucha contra la pobreza y la exclusión social, o tan sólo son actuaciones de evitación de estas? A partir de algunos de los resultados más destacados obtenidos en una investigación en curso en la Universitat de València, el presente artículo pretende realizar una aproximación empírica al estado de la cuestión aportando una serie de factores para el debate, tales como: el verdadero grado de intervención social que plantean las políticas activas de empleo, lo estático del modelo, la repetitividad casi automática de los programas en los que se materializan las mismas, la falta de a…