Search results for "puutavara"

Conflicting objectives in production forests pose a challenge for forest management

2017

Conflicts among different ecosystem services have been shown to be common and potentially exacerbated by management interventions. In order to improve the sustainability of natural resource use, the occurrence of these conflicts and the effects that management actions have on them need to be understood. We studied the conflicts between ecosystem services and the potential to solve them by management choices in boreal production forests. Our study area consisted of nearly 30,000 forest stands which were simulated for 50 years into the future under alternative management scenarios. The study included four ecosystem services – timber production, bilberry production, carbon storage, and pest re…

Airborne-laser-scanning-derived auxiliary information discriminating between broadleaf and conifer trees improves the accuracy of models for predicti…

2020

Managing forests for ecosystem services and biodiversity requires accurate and spatially explicit forest inventory data. A major objective of forest management inventories is to estimate the standing timber volume for certain forest areas. In order to improve the efficiency of an inventory, field based sample-plots can be statistically combined with remote sensing data. Such models usually incorporate auxiliary variables derived from canopy height models. The inclusion of forest type variables, which quantify broadleaf and conifer volume proportions, has been shown to further improve model performance. Currently, the most common way of quantifying broadleaf and conifer forest types is by ca…

Kitkan vesiltä Pohjanlahden sahoille : Akanlahden tukinsiirtolaitokset 1893–1929

2011

1800-luvun jälkipuoliskolla puun kysyntä kasvoi ja kilpailu kiristyi, joten sahojen hankinta-alueet ulotettiin niin kauas kuin se vesistöjä myöten oli mahdollista. Yleensä rajat tulivat vastaan viimeistään vedenjakajan luona, mutta joissain tapauksissa ongelma ratkaistiin tukinsiirtolaitoksen avulla. Näin tehtiin myös Vienanmereen virtaavilla Kitkajärvillä, joista vuonna 1893 alettiin siirtää konevoimin tukkeja kapean kannaksen yli Iijoen vesistöön ja edelleen Pohjanlahdelle. Myöhemmin Akanlahdelle rakennettiin vielä kaksi muuta siirtolaitosta. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää Akanlahden kahden ensimmäisen tukinsiirtolaitoksen toiminta vuosina 1893–1929. Näkökulma on ensisijaisesti mi…

Forest management optimization across spatial scales to reconcile economic and conservation objectives

2019

Conflicts between biodiversity conservation and resource production can be mitigated by multi-objective management planning. Optimizing management for multiple objectives over larger land areas likely entails trading off the practicability of the process against the goodness of the solution. It is therefore worthwhile to resolve how large areas are required as management planning regions to reconcile conflicting objectives as effectively as possible. We aimed to reveal how the extent of forestry planning regions impacts the potential to mitigate a forestry-conservation conflict in Finland, represented as a trade-off between harvest income and deadwood availability. We used forecasted data f…

Creating Global Markets : Seaborne Trade in Pulp and Paper Products Over the Last 400 Years

2018

The declining cost of sea transport has been a necessary condition for the growth of the global pulp and paper industry, especially in regions remote from economic centres. Thus, pulp and paper industries and international shipping have coevolved, especially since the 1960s, enabling producers to tap global markets and develop global production chains. The paper products trade flows, however, have changed a number of times over the last 400 years. This chapter describes and explains these developments and shows how the technological solutions in global shipping and strategic choices among the pulp and paper companies have been interdependent, especially since the 1960s. peerReviewed

Dutch forest products' trade in the Baltic from the Late Middle Ages to the Peace of Munster in 1648

1994

Kun toimeen tartutaan : tukin tie lautatavaraksi - metsästä maailmalle : Oy Mikko Kaloisen puutavaraliikkeen historia

2015

Solving Conflicts among Conservation, Economic, and Social Objectives in Boreal Production Forest Landscapes: Fennoscandian Perspectives

2018

This chapter discusses challenges and possibilities involved in preserving biological diversity and the diversity of ecosystem services in the boreal zone and yet at the same time maintaining intensive timber extraction in boreal forests. Our focus is on Fennoscandian forests at the landscapes level, and we consider economic, social and ecological in the sustainability of forest management. We provide an outlook to boreal forest ecosystems and their history, and an overview of the forestry practices and policies that aim to ensure multi-functionality of Fennoscandian forests, i.e. diversity of efforts on sustaining biodiversity, timber production and other ecosystem services from forest lan…