Search results for "quest"
showing 10 items of 3700 documents
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids may increase plasma LDL-cholesterol and plasma cholesterol concentrations in carriers of an ABCG1 gene single nuc…
2011
Abstract Background ABCG1 mediates cellular cholesterol transport, but there is very little known about the influence of ABCG1 polymorphisms on human plasma lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations or on the interactions of these polymorphisms with diet. Objective Our objective was to investigate whether interactions between PUFA intake and ABCG1 polymorphisms modulate associations with plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL- and HDL-cholesterol in two Spanish populations. Methods We grounded our investigation on two general population-based studies: the Hortega study (population A) and the Pizarra study (population B). Participants included 1178 individuals (50.0% women, age range 21–85 years) a…
Preference between two methods of active-alert hypnosis: not all techniques are created equal.
1999
Abstract In a cross-over design (N = 80), we compared the differential liking and preference for two hypnotic techniques involving physical activity: Active-alert and waking-alert (or alert-hand) procedures. Participants expressed significantly higher liking and preference for the waking-alert as compared to the active-alert procedure. The latter technique, which also had significantly lower suggestibility scores (Cardena et al., 1998) was also associated with a significantly higher attrition rate (23%). These significant differences may be explained by the greater physical effort and difficulty associated with the active-alert technique. It seems that the waking-alert method extends the ad…
Comparison of Cortisol Stress Response in Patients with Panic Disorder, Cannabis-Induced Panic Disorder, and Healthy Controls
2018
<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Little research effort has so far been dedicated to the analysis of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of aetiologically differing subgroups of patients with panic disorder (PD). The current study aimed at a deeper understanding of the cortisol stress response in cannabis-induced PD (CIPD) patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Matched groups of 7 PD patients (mean age ± SD: 32.95 ± 9.04 years), 7 CIPD patients (31.94 ± 8.40 years), and 7 healthy controls (HC) (31.13 ± 8.57 years) were included in the study. The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was used for stress induction. Salivary cortisol samples were collected…
Impulsiveness and venturesomeness in German smokers.
2011
Introduction Cigarette smoking is a behavior, which is influenced by genetic, demographic, and psychological factors. A large body of research has examined the association of cigarette smoking variables with individual differences in personality traits. The aim of the current study was to replicate the findings of higher self-reported impulsivity in smokers compared with never-smokers in a German sample using Eysenck´s construct of impulsivity. Furthermore, it was intended to further the knowledge about associations between different self-reported impulsivity components and different smoking variables. Methods We used the Impulsiveness-Venturesomeness-Empathy questionnaire (I7) to measure s…
The Role of Age and Gender in Perceived Vulnerability to Infectious Diseases
2020
Background: The study of the immune system has been approached using two separate paths, the biological immune system and the behavioral immune system. Recently, Gangestad and Grebe proposed a unique integrated compensatory immune system, where both systems work together and one of them could compensate for the other when necessary. However, few studies have confirmed the existence of this integrated compensatory immune system. Our study represents an attempt to explore the existence of this unique immune system, investigating if the behavioral immune system variables increase when the biological immune system weakens with age. Material and Methods. The cross-sectional design study was made…
Validation of the German version of the ‘Hypogonadism Related Symptom Scale’ (HRS) in andrological patients with infertility, HIV infection and metab…
2013
Summary As commonly used self-reported screening instruments for male hypogonadism demonstrated lack of specificity, a Hypogonadism Related Symptom Scale (HRS) was developed in 2009 as a novel self-rating screening tool. As the questionnaire has not been validated, the purpose of our study was to perform a validation in patients presenting with different disorders (e.g. infertility, HIV infection or metabolic syndrome) and disease-related risk to develop hypogonadism. Two hundred and eighteen patients aged 19–71 years (40.1 ± 9.5) who completed the HRS and other common questionnaires [International Index Of Erectile Function (IIEF), National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom …
Could university training and a proactive attitude of coworkers be associated with influenza vaccination compliance? A multicentre survey among Itali…
2016
Background: Although influenza vaccination has been demonstrated to be safe and effective, vaccination coverage rates among health care workers and among medical residents appear generally low. Several investigations have been performed worldwide to analyze the healthcare workers' educational deficiencies. This multicentre survey aimed to investigate at a nationwide level training quality and work environment associated with seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among Italian medical residents. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out from April 2012 to June 2012 on medical residents regularly attending the post-graduate medical schools of 18 Italian Universities via an anonymo…
Perceived collective burnout: a multilevel explanation of burnout
2011
Building up on the socially induced model of burnout and the job demands-resources model, we examine how burnout can transfer without direct contagion or close contact among employees. Based on the social information processing approach and the conservation of resources theory, we propose that perceived collective burnout emerges as an organizational-level construct (employees' shared perceptions about how burned out are their colleagues) and that it predicts individual burnout over and above indicators of demands and resources. Data were gathered during the first term and again during the last term of the academic year among 555 teachers from 100 schools. The core dimensions of burnout, ex…
Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the EQ-5D in assessing and valuing health status in patients with social phobia
2013
Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to analyse the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D in patients with social phobia. Methods We used a sample of 445 patients with social phobia with five measurement points over a 30 month period. The discriminative ability of the EQ-5D was analysed by comparing the patients’ responses with the general population and between different disease severity levels. For test-retest reliability we assessed the level of agreement in patients’ responses over time, when there was no change in the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). Construct validity was analysed by identifying correlations of the EQ-5D with more specific instruments. For responsiveness w…
Knowledge about glaucoma in the unselected population: a German survey.
2002
Purpose To determine the general population's knowledge about glaucoma. Materials and methods A representative survey of the German population was conducted in which 2,742 men and women were interviewed face to face. The sample was matched with the German population for age, sex, education, income, and other factors. Questions were asked concerning the nature, occurrence, possible risk factors, and course of glaucoma. Results Fifty-one percent of the population had an active knowledge of the term "glaucoma" and 75% had a passive knowledge of the term. Of those interviewees with a passive knowledge, glaucoma was thought to be associated with raised intraocular pressure (IOP) by 28% and loss …