Search results for "radiation therapy"
showing 10 items of 504 documents
Prognostic factors on surgically and non-surgically treated oral squamous cell carcinoma: Advances in survival in fifteen years of follow up
2021
Background Retrospectively to evaluate the influence of radiochemotherapy (RCT) in the treatment of surgically and non-surgically treated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods We analysed 934 patients treated in Hospital Haroldo Juacaba (2000-2014; 15 years of study) by extraction of data type of cancer, localization of tumour, sex, age, race, education level, risk factors (smoking and alcohol use), year of diagnosis, TNM stage, therapeutic approach, health system used (public or private) and overall survival (OS). Surgically and non-surgically treated OSCC were compared by chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, and their prognostic factors were analysed by log-rank Mantel…
Adjuvant versus Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer A Progress Report of a Phase-III Randomized Trial (Protocol CAO/ARO/…
2001
The standard treatment for patients with clinically resectable rectal cancer is surgery. Postoperative radiochemotherapy is recommended for patients with advanced disease (pT3/4 or pN+). In recent years, encouraging results of preoperative radiotherapy have been reported. This prospective randomized phase-III trial (CAO/ARO/AIO-94) compares the efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy to standard postoperative radiochemotherapy. We report on the design of the study and first results with regard to toxicity of radiochemotherapy and postoperative morbidity. Patients and Methods: Patients with locally advanced operable rectal cancer (uT3/4 or uN+, Mason CS III/IV) were randomly assigned to pr…
Atypical intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma with two years of evolution and cutaneous infiltration
2018
The intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare lesion that frequently affects the posterior region of the mandible. This case reports a multilocular osteolytic radiolucency with two years of evolution, that expanded and perforated the cortical bone, with irregular and indefinite margins, that extended from the mandibular angle to the ascendant ramus, with cutaneous ulceration, detected in a 51 years-old male. An incisional biopsy was performed and confirmed the diagnosis of low-grade intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The patient was submitted to partial mandibulectomy, neck dissection and post-operative radiotherapy. In three years of follow-up, there was no evidence of tumor recu…
Quality of life in patients with dysphagia after radiation and chemotherapy treatment for head and neck tumors
2013
Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze subjectively, using the SWAL-QOL questionnaire, swallowing dysfunction and associated factors after treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients treated for head and neck cancer. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, based on the selection of patients with tumors of the head and neck area, treated with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy during the years 2000 to 2006 at the Oncology Institute of Juiz de Fora. The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software, and were evaluated using the chi-square test to compare differences in proportions between groups. The statistical significance level was set at 5%. Result…
Diagnosis and treatment for central Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma in the mandible: Report of a clinical case in a young patient
2019
A clinical case of a 13 year old male patient with a malignant tumor in the mandibular body area with two years of evolution and associated pain is reported. It was initially diagnosed as low grade central mucoepidermoid carcinoma through Hematoxylin and Eosin (H-E) staining in multiple biopsies. Considering the clinical and radiographic characteristics of the lesion, it was necessary to confirm the diagnosis through Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). The treatment involved hemimandibulectomy, neck emptying, and complementary radiotherapy. This article aims to present a rare occurrence of this type of intraosseous malignant tumor of glandular origin in a young patient. Key words:Mucoepidermoid car…
Histology of the Oral Mucosa in Patients With BRONJ at III Stage: A Microscopic Study Proves the Unsuitability of Local Mucosal Flaps.
2012
Background: Bisphosphonate Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) is a newly recognized condition reported in patients treated with aminobisphosphonates (BF). BRONJ is defined as the presence of exposed necrotic alveolar bone that does not resolve over a period of 8 weeks in a patient taking bisphosphonates who has not had radiotherapy to the jaw. Treatment protocols have been outlined, but trials and outcomes of treatment and long-term follow-up data are not yet available. In 2004 an expert panel outlined recommendations for the management of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws. Through the histological study of the oral mucosa over the bone necrosis and around the osteonecrosis …
Clinico-therapeutic management of osteoradionecrosis: A literature review and update
2010
In the management of head and neck cancer, radiotherapy is usually a coadjuvant to surgery, or is applied on a palliative basis. The most important complication of such radiotherapy is osteoradionecrosis, which manifests as an area of exposed necrotic bone in the maxillae or mandible that fails to heal during at least three months. In most cases osteoradionecrosis gradually progresses, becoming more extensive and painful, and its late manifestations comprise infection and pathological fracture. The present study provides a literature review and update on the risk factors underlying osteoradionecrosis, its clinical and diagnostic particulars, prevention, and most widely accepted treatment op…
A critical assessment of oral care protocols for patients under radiation therapy in the regional University Hospital Network of Madrid (Spain)
2015
Background: This research was aimed to critically evaluate, under the light of the available scientific evidence, the oral care protocols recommended by different hospitals in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients under radiation therapy. Material and Methods: A questionnaire requesting all the relevant information for the oral care of these patients was sent to the 9 University Hospitals in Madrid. The answers were categorized and analyzed. In addition, an electronic search was conducted to identify the most relevant papers (systematic reviews [SR] and randomized clinical trials [RCTs]) assessing oral care protocols for patients treated for HNC with radiation therapy. Results: Eight out of n…
Spinal metastases: Is stereotactic body radiation therapy supported by evidences?
2016
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is becoming widely adopted in the treatment of primary and secondary tumors. Spinal bone metastases are frequently discovered in cancer patients, and in the past have been usually treated with a palliative goal. Nevertheless, in some particular clinical settings, such as oligometastatic patients and/or those with a long life expectancy, spinal SBRT could be considered a valid therapeutic option to obtain long-lasting palliation and, when possible, with a curative goal. This review aims to summarize available clinical and dosimetric data of published studies about spinal SBRT.
NeXt for neuro-radiosurgery: A fully automatic approach for necrosis extraction in brain tumor MRI using an unsupervised machine learning technique
2017
Stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery is a well-established therapy for intracranial diseases, especially brain metastases and highly invasive cancers that are difficult to treat with conventional surgery or radiotherapy. Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most used modality in radiation therapy for soft-tissue anatomical districts, allowing for an accurate gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentation. Investigating also necrotic material within the whole tumor has significant clinical value in treatment planning and cancer progression assessment. These pathological necrotic regions are generally characterized by hypoxia, which is implicated in several aspects of tumor development and gro…