Search results for "radioactivity"

showing 10 items of 334 documents

The Design and Sensitivity of JUNO's scintillator radiopurity pre-detector OSIRIS

2021

The European physical journal / C 81(11), 973 (2021). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09544-4

Liquid scintillatorPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsscintillation counter: liquidmeasurement methodsQC770-798Astrophysics01 natural sciencesthorium: nuclidedesign [detector]neutrinoRadioactive purityPhysicsLow energy neutrinoJUNOliquid [scintillation counter]biologySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)3. Good healthQB460-466Physics::Space Physicsnuclide [uranium]FOS: Physical sciencesScintillatornuclide [thorium]530NONuclear physicsPE2_2uranium: nuclideNuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity0103 physical sciencesddc:530Sensitivity (control systems)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsJUNO neutrino physics liquid scintillatorEngineering (miscellaneous)background: radioactivitydetector: designMeasurement method010308 nuclear & particles physicsradioactivity [background]biology.organism_classificationsensitivityHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentReactor neutrinoOsiris
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Preliminary in vivo and ex vivo evaluation of the 5-HT2A imaging probe [18F]MH.MZ

2009

Abstract Introduction The 5-HT 2A receptor is one of the most interesting targets within the serotonergic system because it is involved in a number of important physiological processes and diseases. Methods [ 18 F]MH.MZ, a 5-HT 2A antagonistic receptor ligand, is labeled by 18 F-fluoroalkylation of the corresponding desmethyl analogue MDL 105725 with 2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyltosylate ([ 18 F]FETos). In vitro binding experiments were performed to test selectivity toward a broad spectrum of neuroreceptors by radioligand binding assays. Moreover, first micro-positron emission tomography (μPET) experiments, ex vivo organ biodistribution, blood cell and protein binding and brain metabolism studies of…

MaleCancer ResearchBiodistributionPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesIn vivoAnimalsHumansReceptor Serotonin 5-HT2ATissue DistributionRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingReceptor5-HT receptorBrainBinding potentialLigand (biochemistry)RatsFluorobenzenesRadioactivitychemistryPositron-Emission TomographyAltanserinBiophysicsAutoradiographyMolecular MedicineEx vivoNuclear Medicine and Biology
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Modeling of Magnetic-Field-Assisted Fluidization: Model Development and CFD Simulation of Magnetically Stabilized Fluidized Beds

2014

Magnetic-field-assisted fluidization is starting to be considered as a viable alternative to standard fluidized beds for those operations (such as particle separations, filtration, adsorption) in which the solid phase can be made of magnetic particles or, alternatively, the fluidizing agent is a ferro-fluid; thus the fluid bed responds to the action of magnetic fields, and stabilized fluidization regimes can be generated. One of the major difficulties to be tackled is the development of a predictive model capable of estimating the stabilized-to-bubbling transition velocity for a given magnetic field or, on the other hand, the magnetic field intensity required to stabilize the bed to a quies…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringComputational fluid dynamicslaw.inventionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsFLUIDIZATIONlawlcsh:Technology (General)Fluid dynamicsmagneto-fluidizationlcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityGeneral Materials ScienceFluidizationcfdFiltrationbusiness.industrymathematical modelingGeneral EngineeringGeneral ChemistryMechanicsmsfbMagnetic fieldFluidized bedlcsh:T1-995lcsh:QC770-798Magnetic nanoparticlesParticlegas fluidizationbusiness
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Comparison between a Uniaxial Compaction Tester and a Shear Tester for the Characterization of Powder Flowability

2014

The complete characterization of powder flow properties with shear cells is a long and time-consuming process that requires specially trained operators or costly automated instruments. For these reasons, in industrial practice, the use of simpler and less extensive measurement by uniaxial compaction testers is often preferred. However, previous studies in the literature indicate that the results of the two techniques are not directly comparable due to the different stress state conditions achieved in the two testers.In this study, an experimental campaign to measure the flow function of five different powders with a ring shear tester (RST) and a uniaxial compaction tester (UCT) was performe…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral EngineeringCompactionwall frictionGeneral Chemistryring shear testerShear (geology)powder flowabilitycohesive powderslcsh:Technology (General)lcsh:T1-995lcsh:QC770-798General Materials Sciencelcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityComposite materialuniaxial compaction testerKONA Powder and Particle Journal
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Aggregative behavior of cohesive magnesium carbonate powders during fluidization and aerated discharge

2014

In this paper we studied the aerated discharge of two magnesium carbonate powders differing in their average diameter and particle size distribution. These samples were characterized by means of fluidization experiments and rheology shear tests carried out in a rotating shear cell. In the hopper discharge experiments, besides the discharge rates and the mass of residual solids as a function of the aeration rate, the aggregative behavior was observed by means of photographic techniques. Solids aggregates were actually visible within the aerated beds of solids during the fluidization experiments and in the streams of the discharging solids. Experimental data on the powder flow properties and …

Materials scienceMagnesiumGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyGeneral Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistrychemistrylcsh:Technology (General)lcsh:T1-995lcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityGeneral Materials ScienceFluidizationAeration
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Gamma-ray spectrometric measurement of radionuclide purity of radiopharmaceuticals contained in bottle samples

2012

The radionuclide purity of a radiopharmaceutical product is usually measured by gamma-ray spectrometry with various measurement geometries. The importance of this test is that the radionuclide impurities, if present, result in an increase in the radiation dose to the patient without contributing to diagnostic information and in some cases may also interfere with the marking molecules and affect the proper conduct of diagnostic examination. In this work, gamma-ray spectrometry is used to determine the amounts of impurities by adopting as measurement geometry the same bottle containing eluted or prepared radiopharmaceuticals. In addition to high-purity germanium semiconductor detectors, the u…

Materials sciencebusiness.product_categorySettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nucleariradionuclide purityScintillatorMass spectrometrymedicineBottlelcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitySafety Risk Reliability and Qualitygamma-ray spetrometryRadionuclidemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryElutionRadiochemistrydoseGamma raySemiconductor detectorPETNuclear Energy and EngineeringPositron emission tomographySPECTradionuclide purity PET SPECT gamma-ray spetrometry doselcsh:QC770-798businessNuclear medicine
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Gamma-ray irradiation tests of CMOS sensors used in imaging techniques

2014

Technologically-enhanced electronic image sensors are used in various fields as diagnostic techniques in medicine or space applications. In the latter case the devices can be exposed to intense radiation fluxes over time which may impair the functioning of the same equipment. In this paper we report the results of gamma-ray irradiation tests on CMOS image sensors simulating the space radiation over a long time period. Gamma-ray irradiation tests were car ried out by means of IGS-3 gamma irradiation facility of Palermo Uni ver sity, based on 60Co sources with dif fer ent ac tiv i ties. To re duce the dose rate and re al ize a nar row gamma-ray beam, a lead-collimation sys tem was pur posely …

Materials scienceimaging technique CMOS image sensor gamma irradiationPixelSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nuclearibusiness.industryImage qualityRadiationimaging techniqueSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicagamma irradiationBackground noiseNuclear Energy and EngineeringCMOSCMOS image sensorAbsorbed doseOptoelectronicslcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityIrradiationImage sensorSafety Risk Reliability and QualitybusinessNuclear Technology and Radiation Protection
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Natural radioactivity in the Alte Madonie Mounts (Sicily, Italy)

2009

With the collaboration of geology experts, we have taken 45 samples of selected soils and rocks. All samples were powdered, dried and sealed in “Marinelli” beakers for 20 days before the measurement so as to ensure that radioactive equilibrium between 226Ra and 214Bi has been reached. Mineralogical and chemical features of the samples were determined by XRD and XRF analysis, instead Gamma ray spectrometric analysis was used in order to quantify radioactivity concentrations. The average values of concentrations of 214Bi, 228Ac and 40K are respectively 30, 19 and 258 Bq/kg while the greatest values were 134, 59 and 748 Bq/kg. A linear relationship exists between 214Bi, 228Ac and 40K activitie…

Natural radioactivity gamma spectrometry soils rocksSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nucleari
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The importance of kinematic twists and genuine saturation effects in dijet production at the Electron-Ion Collider

2021

We compute the differential yield for quark anti-quark dijet production in high-energy electron-proton and electron-nucleus collisions at small $x$ as a function of the relative momentum $\boldsymbol{P}_\perp$ and momentum imbalance $\boldsymbol{k}_\perp$ of the dijet system for different photon virtualities $Q^2$, and study the elliptic and quadrangular anisotropies in the relative angle between $\boldsymbol{P}_\perp$ and $\boldsymbol{k}_\perp$. We review and extend the analysis in [1], which compared the results of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) with those obtained using the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) framework. In particular, we include in our comparison the improved TMD (ITMD…

Nuclear Theoryquark antiquarkQC770-798hiukkasfysiikkaPROTONtransverse momentum dependence01 natural scienceslaw.inventionColor-glass condensateGLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONSHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)lawEQUATIONSaturation (graph theory)Wave functionPhysicselectron nucleon: colliding beamsQUARK PAIR PRODUCTIONFLUCTUATIONSQCD PhenomenologyQCD phenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologykinematicstwistPhysics::Space PhysicsProduction (computer science)Quarkdijet: productionCOLLISIONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]FOS: Physical sciencesanisotropy114 Physical sciencesdihadron: angular correlationdeep inelastic scattering (phenomenology)AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONSMomentumelectron p: scatteringNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity0103 physical sciencesWAVE-FUNCTIONS010306 general physicsColliderDeep Inelastic Scattering (Phenomenology)010308 nuclear & particles physicselectron nucleus: scatteringHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyEVOLUTIONGluon[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]gluon: saturationcolor glass condensateHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentkvanttiväridynamiikkaJournal of High Energy Physics
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Consistent Searches for SMEFT Effects in Non-Resonant Dilepton Events

2019

Employing the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, we perform a detailed reinterpretation of measurements of the Weinberg angle in dilepton production as a search for new-physics effects. We truncate our signal prediction at order $1/\Lambda^2$, where $\Lambda$ denotes the new-physics mass scale, and introduce a theory error to account for unknown contributions of order $1/\Lambda^4$. Two linear combinations of four-fermion operators with distinct angular behavior contribute to dilepton production with growing impact at high energies. We define suitable angular observables and derive bounds on those two linear combinations using data from the Tevatron and the LHC. We find…

Nuclear and High Energy Physics530 PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesEffective Field Theories10192 Physics InstituteHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Beyond Standard Modellcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics
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