Search results for "rainfall simulation."
showing 10 items of 22 documents
European small portable rainfall simulators: A comparison of rainfall characteristics
2013
28 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas.- The definitive version is available on: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816213001252
Effective run-off flow length over biological soil crusts on silty loam soils in drylands
2014
This study was undertaken in the context of the research projects PECOS (REN2003-04570/GLO) and PREVEA (CGL2007-63258/BOS), both funded by the Spanish National Plan for RD&I and by the European ERDF Funds (European Regional Development Fund), as well as the projects COSTRAS (Excellence project RNM-3614) funded by the Junta de Andalucia (Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Spain), and SCIN (Soil Crust Inter-National, PRI-PIMBDV-2011-0874, European project of ERA-NET BIODIVERSA, the Spanish team being funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness)
The influence of aspect and vegetation on seasonal changes in erosion under rainfall simulation on a clay soil in Spain
1998
The seasonal and spatial variability of soil erosion under contrasting slope aspects in southeastern Spain was studied by performing and interpreting 84 rainfall simulation experiments conducted at an intensity of 55 mm h−1 during 1 h. The vegetated soils on the north-facing slope and the upper afforested parts had negligible sediment yield, runoff and erosion, while the bare soils on the south-facing slope had very high runoff rates. Runoff sediment concentration decreased over time during simulated rainfall events on the vegetated areas while it increased on the bare ones. Solute release decreased over time on both surface types. Seasonally, runoff sediment concentration was highest in a…
INVESTIGATIONS ON INFILTRATION METHODS FOR AN IMPROVED SOIL HYDRAULIC CHARACTERIZATION
2020
Theoretical prediction of rainfall intensity for a small rainfall simulator
2022
In this contribution, a theoretical approach was developed for predicting rainfall intensity for a small rainfall simulator. The developed equation was tested for two different devices and different pressure head and water temperature values. The proposed relationship was found to have a good predictive ability of rainfall intensity. The proposed theoretical approach could be usable with other devices that operate on the same principles of the simulator considered in this investigation.
Rainfall simulation and Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry for the analysis of soil water erosion in Mediterranean vineyards
2016
[EN] Soil water erosion is a serious problem, especially in agricultural lands.Among these, vineyards deserve attention, because they constitute for the Mediterranean areas a type of land use affected by high soil losses. A significant problem related to the study of soil water erosion in these areas consists in the lack of a standardized procedure of collecting data and reporting results, mainly due to a variability among the measurement methods applied. Given this issue and the seriousness of soil water erosion in Mediterranean vineyards, this works aims to quantify the soil losses caused by simulated rainstorms, and compare them with each other depending on two different methodologies: (…
A Check of Water Drop Impact Effects on Surface Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
2020
The post-tillage dynamics of the surface soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, was studied at the Masse experimental station (central Italy, silty-clay-loam soil). A sequence of experiments was performed by rainfall simulation on two replicated micro-plots (width 1 m, length 0.92 m, slope 16%) established on bare soil. Each high-intensity rainfall simulation was preceded by a low-intensity wetting phase. The soil water content, w, was measured before wetting and both before and after simulation. Runoff was measured at 5 min intervals. The infiltration rate was calculated as the difference between rainfall intensity and runoff rate. Finally, Ks was assumed to be equal to the infiltratio…
Comparing Beerkan infiltration tests with rainfall simulation experiments for hydraulic characterization of a sandy-loam soil
2017
[EN] Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, K-s, data collected by ponding infiltrometer methods and usual experimental procedures could be unusable for interpreting field hydrological processes and particularly rainfall infiltration. The K-s values determined by an infiltrometer experiment carried out by applying water at a relatively large distance from the soil surface could however be more appropriate to explain surface runoff generation phenomena during intense rainfall events. In this study, a link between rainfall simulation and ponding infiltrometer experiments was established for a sandy-loam soil. The height of water pouring for the infiltrometer run was chosen, establishing a sim…
Laboratory testing of Beerkan infiltration experiments for assessing the role of soil sealing on water infiltration
2018
Abstract Soil surface sealing is a major cause of decreased infiltration rates and increased surface runoff and erosion during a rainstorm. The objective of this paper is to quantify the effect of surface sealing on infiltration for 3 layered soils with different textures for the upper layer and investigate the capability of BEST procedure to catch the formation of the seal and related consequences on water infiltration. Rainfall experiments were carried out to induce the formation of the seal. Meanwhile, Beerkan infiltration runs were carried out pouring water at different distances from the soil surface (BEST-H versus BEST-L runs, with a High and Low water pouring heights, respectively) f…
Straw mulch as a sustainable solution to decrease runoff and erosion in glyphosate-treated clementine plantations in Eastern Spain. An assessment usi…
2019
[EN] In many Mediterranean areas, citrus orchards exhibit high soil loss rates because of the expansion of drip irrigation that allows cultivation on sloping terrain and the widespread use of glyphosate. To mitigate these non-sustainable soil losses, straw mulch could be applied as an efficient solution but this has been poorly studied. Therefore, the main goal of this paper was to assess the use of straw mulch as a tool to reduce soil losses in clementine plantations, which can be considered representative of a typical Mediterranean citrus orchard. A total of 40 rainfall simulation experiments were carried out on 20 pairs of neighbouring bare and mulched plots. Each experiment involved app…