Search results for "rajapintailmiöt"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Novel Methodologies to Model Charge Transport in Metal-Air Batteries

2018

Materials scienceta114tiheysfunktionaaliteoriaCharge (physics)akutGPAW codeMetalcharge transfer processesChemical physicsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumrajapinnat (pinnat)Density functional theorysähkövarauscharge transport modelingrajapintailmiötta216ta116electrode potential formalismdensity functional theory
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Unraveling the Role of the Rh–ZrO2 Interface in the Water–Gas-Shift Reaction via a First-Principles Microkinetic Study

2018

The industrially important water–gas-shift (WGS) reaction is a complex network of competing elementary reactions in which the catalyst is a multicomponent system consisting of distinct domains. Herein, we have combined density functional theory calculations with microkinetic modeling to explore the active phase, kinetics, and reaction mechanism of the WGS over the Rh–ZrO2 interface. We have explicitly considered the support and metal and their interface and find that the Rh–ZrO2 interface is far more active toward WGS than Rh(111) facets, which are susceptible to CO poisoning. CO2 forming on the zirconia support rapidly transforms into formate. These findings demonstrate the central role of…

Reaction mechanismkaasutMaterials sciencewater-gas shift010402 general chemistryHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciencesCatalysisWater-gas shift reactionCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundElementary reactionFormaterajapintailmiötBifunctionalta116density functional theorykemialliset reaktiot010405 organic chemistrytiheysfunktionaaliteoriamicrokineticsGeneral Chemistry0104 chemical sciencesheterogeneous catalysischemistryChemical physicskatalyysirajapinnat (pinnat)Density functional theoryACS Catalysis
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Grand-canonical approach to density functional theory of electrocatalytic systems: Thermodynamics of solid-liquid interfaces at constant ion and elec…

2018

Properties of solid-liquid interfaces are of immense importance for electrocatalytic and electrochemical systems, but modeling such interfaces at the atomic level presents a serious challenge and approaches beyond standard methodologies are needed. An atomistic computational scheme needs to treat at least part of the system quantum mechanically to describe adsorption and reactions, while the entire system is in thermal equilibrium. The experimentally relevant macroscopic control variables are temperature, electrode potential, and the choice of the solvent and ions, and these need to be explicitly included in the computational model as well; this calls for a thermodynamic ensemble with fixed…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceImplicit solvationGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronDielectric010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesELECTROCHEMISTRYthermodynamicsCHEMISTRY0103 physical sciencesWATERsolid-liquid interfacesStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryrajapintailmiötta116QuantumAB-INITIOThermal equilibriumSELF-CONSISTENTta114010304 chemical physicstiheysfunktionaaliteoriaSIMULATIONS0104 chemical sciencesGrand canonical ensembleREDUCTIONCONTINUUMSOLVATIONSolvent modelsStandard electrode potentialtermodynamiikkakatalyysiDensity functional theoryElectronic densityAPPROXIMATIONElectrode potential
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Unraveling the prominent role of the Rh/ZrO2-interface in the water-gas shift reaction via a first principles microkinetic study

2018

The industrially important water–gas-shift (WGS) reaction is a complex network of competing elementary reactions in which the catalyst is a multicomponent system consisting of distinct domains. Herein, we have combined density functional theory calculations with microkinetic modeling to explore the active phase, kinetics, and reaction mechanism of the WGS over the Rh–ZrO2 interface. We have explicitly considered the support and metal and their interface and find that the Rh–ZrO2 interface is far more active toward WGS than Rh(111) facets, which are susceptible to CO poisoning. CO2 forming on the zirconia support rapidly transforms into formate. These findings demonstrate the central role of…

heterogeneous catalysiskaasutkemialliset reaktiotmetal-support interfacekatalyysitiheysfunktionaaliteoriarajapinnat (pinnat)microkineticswater-gas shiftrajapintailmiöt
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Development of microfluidics for sorting of carbon nanotubes

2018

Sorting of carbon nanotubes by their chirality is the current bottleneck in the way to their broad employment based on their exceptional electronic and optical properties. Despite the extensive effort, there is no known method, which would result in really pure chirality ensembles. Previously reported sorting protocols result in enrichment rather than in sorting, alter electronic structure, and suffer from low yield. This is mostly due to the statistical approach, where the nanotubes with mixed chiralities are treated as a set. In this thesis, we propose a new sorting technique based on nanotube-by-nanotube compartmelization, characterization, and sorting in a continuously running droplet-b…

sonicationlow droplet formation frequencyspektroskopiamicrofluidicsinterfacial tensionpassive trappingTADBwater-in-oilPhysics::Fluid DynamicsSDBSerotusmenetelmätsurface tensionSpan 80rajapintailmiötcentrifugationdielectrophoresisnestefysiikkadroplet stabilitycarbon nanotubesdecanedispersiotlinkoaminenfluoresenssiultraäänilong-term stabilitypisaratlajitteludroplet-basedmikropiiritindividualizationsilinizationnear-infrared fluorescenceglass microfabricationdispersionwet etchingmetallic electrodesmikrotekniikkananoputketsorting
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On-chip purification of arc-discharge synthesized multiwalled carbon nanotubes via mobile liquid interface

2017

This thesis reports a novel approach for purification of carbon nanotube (CNT) samples deposited on smooth silicon substrates through a mobile liquid interface interacting with carbonaceous debris particles that contaminate the deposition. The method is based on physical interaction of the particles and the three-phase contact line via capillary interface forces, i.e. the surface tension, which results in the detachment of chemically indispersible colloids from the sample surface. In the experiments reported in this work, we focus primarily on arc-discharge grown multi-walled carbon nanotubes, whose synthesis is particularly plagued by carbonaceous debris that is difficult to remove without h…

wettingatomic force microscopysurface chemistrypuhdistuspintakemianesteetadhesionpintailmiötadheesiosurface tensionnanohiukkasetcarbon nanotubeatomivoimamikroskopiarajapintailmiötnanoputketpintajännityscontact line
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