Search results for "randomized"

Can chemotherapy concomitantly delivered with radiotherapy improve survival of patients with resectable rectal cancer? A meta-analysis of literature …

2010

Summary Background There is clear evidence from two systematic reviews that radiotherapy (RT) reduces the risk of local recurrence in patients with resectable rectal cancer, though the data on survival are still equivocal. Objective To assess the effects of chemotherapy combined concomitantly with radiotherapy (CRT) on the increase of overall survival, and on the prevention of local recurrence and distant metastases. Data sources Computerized bibliographic searches of MEDLINE and CANCERLIT (1970–2008) were supplemented with hand searches of reference lists. Study selection Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing preoperative or postoperative CRT to p…

The impact of radiotherapy on survival in resectable gastric carcinoma: A meta-analysis of literature data.

2007

Summary Background The benefit of external radiotherapy for gastric carcinoma has been extensively studied, but data on survival are still equivocal. Objective To assess the effectiveness of surgery combined with preoperative radiotherapy or postoperative chemoradiotherapy in the reduction of all-cause mortality in patients with resectable gastric carcinoma. Methods Computerised bibliographic searches of MEDLINE and CANCERLIT (1970–2006) were supplemented with hand searches of reference lists. Study selection Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing mortality of surgery combined with preoperative radiotherapy or postoperative chemoradiotherapy to surg…

ESH position paper: renal denervation - an interventional therapy of resistant hypertension

2012

Experts from the European Society of Hypertension prepared this position paper in order to summarize current evidence, unmet needs and practical recommendations on the application of percutaneous transluminal ablation of renal nerves [renal denervation (RDN)] as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of resistant hypertension. The sympathetic nervous activation to the kidney and the sensory afferent signals to the central nervous system represent the targets of RND. Clinical studies have documented that catheter-based RDN decreases both efferent sympathetic and afferent sensory nerve traffic leading to clinically meaningful systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) reductions in pa…

Pedobarography: A Review on Methods and Practical Use in Foot Disorders

2021

Pedobarographic examination is a non-invasive method that enables the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of plantar pressure distribution, notably the plantar pressure distribution, referring to the function of the entire musculoskeletal system. This is a scoping review that aims to update knowledge on the practical use of pedobarography in foot disorders. We also attempted to systematize the methodological principles of conducting the pedobarographic examination. We searched Medline/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for the articles on the methodology of pedobarography. The search encompassed clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, …

A Web-Based Telemanagement System for Patients With Complex Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2018

Background: Telemedicine has been successfully used to provide inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with health care services remotely via the implementation of information and communications technology, which uses safe and feasible apps that have been well accepted by patients in remission. However, the design of telemedicine apps in this setting involves difficulties that hinder the adherence of patients to the follow-up plans and the efficacy of these systems to improve disease activity and quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the development of a Web platform, Telemonitoring of Crohn Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (TECCU), for remote monitoring of patients with …

2019

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) may result in longer duration of in-hospital stay and even mortality. Both thoracic surgery and intraoperative mechanical ventilation settings add considerably to the risk of PPC. It is unclear if one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracic surgery with a strategy of intraoperative high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers (RM) reduces PPC, compared to low PEEP without RM. PROTHOR is an international, multicenter, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, two-arm trial initiated by investigators of the PROtective VEntilation NETwork. In total, 2378 patients will be randomly assigned to one of two different intraoperative m…

Risk Factors for Rate of Relapse and Effects of Steroid Maintenance Therapy in Patients With Autoimmune Pancreatitis: Systematic Review and Meta-anal…

2019

Background & Aims: Risk for relapse after induction of remission with steroid therapy has been studied extensively in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), but findings have been equivocal. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the relapse rate of AIP after initial remission after steroid treatment and to identify factors associated with relapse. Methods: Three reviewers searched MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and EMBASE until July 2018 to identify studies on rate of relapse of AIP after induction of remission with steroid therapy. A pooled estimate was calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method for a random-effects model. This study was conducted in accordance …

Optimised versus standard dosing of vancomycin in infants with Gram-positive sepsis (NeoVanc): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2b, non-i…

2022

Summary Background Vancomycin is the most widely used antibiotic for neonatal Gram-positive sepsis, but clinical outcome data of dosing strategies are scarce. The NeoVanc programme comprised extensive preclinical studies to inform a randomised controlled trial to assess optimised vancomycin dosing. We compared the efficacy of an optimised regimen to a standard regimen in infants with late onset sepsis that was known or suspected to be caused by Gram-positive microorganisms. Methods NeoVanc was an open-label, multicentre, phase 2b, parallel-group, randomised, non-inferiority trial comparing the efficacy and toxicity of an optimised regimen of vancomycin to a standard regimen in infants aged …

A decade of trials of interferon-alpha for chronic hepatitis C. A meta-regression analysis

2003

The most relevant randomized controlled trials of interferon-alpha (IFN) for naive patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) published in a decade, just before appearance of pegylated IFN trials in 2000, were included in this paper. Its purpose is to review the relationship between sustained biochemical response in active versus control group versus usual clinical variables as IFN regimens, cirrhosis, genotype and versus less frequently addressed variables as funding, methodological quality or location of principal author. Meta-analysis estimates of global treatment effect varied according to trial design: group 1=IFN versus placebo/no treatment, 32 RCTs, 2499 pts, OR 9.5 (6.3-14.2); group 2a…

Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin does not provide any additional benefit for tooth extraction in head and neck cancer patients post-radiotherapy :…

2020

Background One of the most important complications of radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) is osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws, arising mainly from tooth extractions. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in preventing ORN following tooth extraction in post-irradiated HNC patients, as well as other postoperative complications. Material and Methods 23 patients previously submitted to conventionally fractionated 3D-conformational RT for HNC underwent atraumatic tooth extractions with perioperative antibiotic therapy. Besides, they were randomly assigned to receive L-PRF clots to fill and cover the extraction socke…