Search results for "range"

On the structure of 3-acetylamino-5-methyl- 1,2,4-oxadiazole and on the fully degenerate rearrangements (FDR) of its anion: a stimulating comparison …

2009

An accurate crystal structure determination has provided evidence for a planar conformation for 3-acetylamino-5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (5), in agreement with quantum-mechanical calculations in the gas phase. In the crystal, a series of strong intermolecular N7H7...O9 hydrogen bonds link the amido groups of different molecules, causing the formation of infinite parallel ordered chains. The effect of the DMSO solvent on the energy and charge distribution of compound 5 and on its relevant 5S anion, involved in a fully degenerate rearrangement (FDR), has been deepened by quantum-mechanical DFT calculations. The calculated energy barrier for the FDR increases in going from in vacuo to DMSO, in …

Determination of particle number and brightness using a laser scanning confocal microscope operating in the analog mode

2008

We describe a method to obtain the brightness and number of molecules at each pixel of an image stack obtained with a laser scanning microscope. The method is based on intensity fluctuations due to the diffusion of molecules in a pixel. For a detector operating in the analog mode, the variance must be proportional to the intensity. Once this constant has been calibrated, we use the ratio between the variance and the intensity to derive the particle brightness. Then, from the ratio of the intensity to the brightness we obtain the average number of particles in the pixel. We show that the method works with molecules in solution and that the results are comparable to those obtained with fluctu…

Home range and excursive post-breeding movements of Eurasian Eagle-owls revealed by GPS satellite transmitters

2021

Investigating space use of wild birds provides important knowledge of bird behavior and ecology, which is crucial in the management and conservation of threatened species. In the present study, we used GPS satellite telemetry to investigate space use and movements of seven adult Eurasian Eagle-Owls (Bubo bubo) in Norway during breeding and post-breeding seasons. Breeding adults had a mean home range size of 42.9 km2 (SD ± 35.1 km2; 95% kernel density estimation Had hoc), and five individuals performed long (>20 km) excursive movements away from their breeding territories during autumn. Such wide-ranging behavior has not previously been reported for adults of the nominate subspecies B. b. bu…

Barrier effects on the spatial distribution of Xylella fastidiosa in Alicante, Spain

2021

AbstractSpatial models often assume isotropy and stationarity, implying that spatial dependence is direction invariant and uniform throughout the study area. However, these assumptions are violated when dispersal barriers are present in the form of geographical features or disease control interventions. Despite this, the issue of non-stationarity has been little explored in the context of plant health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different barriers in the distribution of the quarantine plant pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa in the demarcated area in Alicante, Spain. Occurrence data from the official surveys in 2018 were analyzed with four spatial Baye…

Vegetation growth parameters and leaf temperature: Experimental results from a six plots green roofs' system

2016

Abstract The paper provides a contribution for populating database of three physical parameters needed to model energy performance of buildings with green roofs: “coverage ratio” ( σ f ), leaf area index (LAI) and leaf temperature ( T f ). On purpose, six plant species were investigated experimentally: Phyla nordiflora, Aptenia lancifolia , Mesembryanthenum barbatus , Gazania nivea, Gazania uniflora , and Sedum . Proper ranges of the cited parameters have been found for each species. The here indicated ranges of σ f values refer to different growth levels of the species in the same lapse of time, that is four months. Single measured LAI values are also reported for the same plants. As for t…

1023 – Therapeutic drug-monitoring of bupropion for depression

2013

Introduction Therapeutic Drug-Monitoring (TDM) for bupropion is limited by bupropion's instability at room temperature and by the absence of a well-defined therapeutic reference range. Further it is unclear to what extent bupropion and its metabolites contribute to therapeutic effects, though hydroxybupropion seems to account for the major antidepressant effects. Aim The aim of this examination was to check if measurement of only hydroxybupropion is useful to guide the antidepressant therapy with bupropion. Methods Hydroxybupropion plasma levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with ultra violet detection and related to therapeutic effects measured by the Clinical Glo…

MILES extended: Stellar population synthesis models from the optical to the infrared

2016

We present the first single-burst stellar population models which covers the optical and the infrared wavelength range between 3500 and 50000 Angstrom and which are exclusively based on empirical stellar spectra. To obtain these joint models, we combined the extended MILES models in the optical with our new infrared models that are based on the IRTF (Infrared Telescope Facility) library. The latter are available only for a limited range in terms of both age and metallicity. Our combined single-burst stellar population models were calculated for ages larger than 1 Gyr, for metallicities between [Fe/H] = -0.40 and 0.26, for initial mass functions of various types and slopes, and on the basis …

Experimental and DFT studies on competitive heterocyclic rearrangements. part 2: A one-atom side-chain versus the classic three-atom side-chain (Boul…

2007

The experimental investigation of the base-catalyzed rearrangements of 3-acylamino-1,2,4-oxadiazoles evidenced a new reaction pathway which competes with the well-known ring-degenerate Boulton- Katritzky rearrangement (BKR). The new reaction consists of a one-atom side-chain rearrangement that is base-activated, occurs at a higher temperature than the BKR, and irreversibly leads to the corresponding 2-acylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. An extensive DFT study is reported to elucidate the proposed reaction mechanism and to compare the three possible inherent routes: (i) the reversible three-atom side-chain ring-degenerate BKR, (ii) the ring contraction-ring expansion route (RCRE), and (iii) the one…

Color choice behavior in cats and the effect of changes in the color of the illuminant.

1993

Characterization of lung γδ T cells following intranasal infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin

2002

The lungs are considered to have an impaired capacity to contain infection by pathogenic mycobacteria, even in the presence of effective systemic immunity. In an attempt to understand the underlying cellular mechanisms, we characterized the gammadelta T cell population following intranasal infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). The peak of gammadelta T cell expansion at 7 days postinfection preceded the 30 day peak of alphabeta T cell expansion and bacterial count. The expanded population of gammadelta T cells in the lungs of BCG-infected mice represents an expansion of the resident Vgamma2 T cell subset as well as an influx of Vgamma1 and of four different Vdelt…