Search results for "rase"
showing 10 items of 4343 documents
Zoledronate, ibandronate and clodronate enhance osteoblast differentiation in a dose dependent manner – A quantitative in vitro gene expression analy…
2010
Bisphosphonates are widely used in the clinical treatment of bone diseases with increased bone resorption. In terms of side effects, they are known to be associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ). There are two groups of bisphosphonates: the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, e.g. zoledronate and ibandronate, and the non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, e.g. clodronate. Their impact on bone metabolism seems to differ. The objective of this study was to compare the osteogenic differentiation potency of these two pharmacologic groups. Human osteoblasts were stimulated with zoledronate and ibandronate at concentrations of 5×10(-5) M, 5×10(-6) M and 5×10(-7) M over the experimental …
Stress hormones promote growth of B16-F10 melanoma metastases: an interleukin 6- and glutathione-dependent mechanism
2013
[EN] Background: Interleukin (IL)-6 (mainly of tumor origin) activates glutathione (GSH) release from hepatocytes and its interorgan transport to B16-F10 melanoma metastatic foci. We studied if this capacity to overproduce IL-6 is regulated by cancer cell-independent mechanisms. Methods: Murine B16-F10 melanoma cells were cultured, transfected with red fluorescent protein, injected i.v. into syngenic C57BL/6J mice to generate lung and liver metastases, and isolated from metastatic foci using high-performance cell sorting. Stress hormones and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA, and CRH expression in the brain by in situ hybridization. DNA binding activity of NF-kappa B, CREB, AP-1, and NF-IL…
Histamine up-regulates phosphodiesterase 4 activity and reduces prostaglandin E2-inhibitory effects in human neutrophils.
2000
Objective: To investigate whether histamine produces up-regulation of phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity with functional consequences in human peripheral blood neutrophils.¶Methods: PDE activity was studied by a radioisotopic method following anion-exchange chromatography. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for detection of mRNA transcripts of PDE4 subtypes. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels were measured by enzyme-immunoassay, and superoxide generation by cytochrome c reduction.¶Treatment: Neutrophils were incubated for 4 h with histamine (1 μM).¶Results: PDE4 was the only isoenzyme activity increased in treated neutrophils. Kinetic analysis showed a ∼1.5-fold increase …
The neuroimmune link in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) of cat and rat: peptides and neural markers.
1991
This light microscopic immunohistochemical study investigates the distribution and target interrelations of nerve fibers in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissues (BALT) of rat and cat by using antisera against (1) the polyneuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), (2) selected opioid and nonopioid peptides, and (3) the marker enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). In both species, a similar distribution pattern of PGP, peptide, and catecholamine enzyme immunoreactive was observed. Anti-PGP 9.5 stained all nerve fibers (except some smaller, calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive (CGRP-ir) fibers presumably of the C-type) throughout the differen…
Progestogens reduce thromboxane production by cultured human endothelial cells.
2011
Objectives Progestogens have been poorly studied concerning their roles in endothelial physiology. Prostanoids are vasoactive compounds, such as thromboxane A2, a potent vasoconstrictor, and prostacyclin, a vasodilator. We examined the effects of two progestogens used clinically, progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate, on thromboxane A2 production by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and investigated the role of progesterone receptors and the enzymes involved in production of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin. Methods Cells were exposed to 1‐100 nmol/l of either progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate, and thromboxane A2 production was measured in culture mediu…
Estradiol Stimulates Vasodilatory and Metabolic Pathways in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells
2009
Vascular effects of estradiol are being investigated because there are controversies among clinical and experimental studies. DNA microarrays were used to investigate global gene expression patterns in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to 1 nmol/L estradiol for 24 hours. When compared to control, 187 genes were identified as differentially expressed with 1.9-fold change threshold. Supervised principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the differences between control and estradiol-treated samples. Physiological concentrations of estradiol are sufficient to elicit significant changes in HUVEC gene expression. Notch signaling, actin cyt…
Role of the cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in free radical-induced cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
2000
We have previously reported that free radical-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) lead to cholesterol accumulation in vitro. In the current study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress on cyclic AMP concentration and cAMP-dependent enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis in A7r5 cells. Under our conditions of a mild oxidative stress, namely with no change in cell viability, we found that free radicals, initiated using azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH), resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cellular cAMP which was opposed by vitamin E preincubation. Although the addition of adenylate cyclase activators (carbacyclin and forskolin) increased cAMP levels it di…
Oxidative stress leads to cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
1999
The transformation of macrophages and smooth muscle cells into foam cells by modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is one of the key events of atherogenesis. Effects of free radicals have mainly been studied in LDL, and other than toxicity, data dealing with direct action of free radicals on cells are scarce. This study focused on the direct effects of free radicals on cholesterol metabolism of smooth muscle cells. A free radical generator, azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride, was used, and conditions for a standardized oxidative stress were set up in vascular smooth muscle cells. After free radical action, the cells presented an accumulation of cholesterol that appeared to be the resul…
Potential role of the neuropeptide CGRP in the induction of differentiation of rat hepatic portal vein wall.
2005
The media of the rat hepatic portal vein is composed of an internal circular muscular layer (CL) and an external longitudinal muscular layer (LL). These two perpendicular layers differentiate progressively from mesenchymal cells within the first month after birth. In this paper, we studied the development of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) innervation during post-natal differentiation of the vessel. We show that CGRP innervation is already present around the vessel at birth in the future adventitia but far from the lumen of the vessel. Progressively, CGRP immunoreactive fibers reached first LL then CL. CL by itself become only innervated at day 14 after birth. This corresponds to the…
Isolation and confirmation of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease in golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) and leaping mullet (Liza saliens) in the Irani…
2016
The present study was conducted on 428 moribund mullet fish samples to isolate and identify the causative agent of a mysterious acute mortality which recently occurred in wild mullets in Iranian waters of Caspian Sea, suspected to be due to viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease. Disease investigation was carried out employing various diagnostic procedures such as virology, bacteriology, parasitology, haematology, histopathology, IFAT, IHC and nested RT-PCR. Brain and eye samples of affected fishes were collected in sterile conditions and then kept at -80 °C for cell culture isolation and nested RT-PCR detection of the causative agent. Other tissue samples were also collected and fixed for hi…