Search results for "reasoning"
showing 10 items of 371 documents
A Hypergraph Based Framework for Intelligent Tutoring of Algebraic Reasoning
2013
The translation of word problems into equations is one of the major difficulties for students regarding problem solving. This paper describes both a domain-specific knowledge representation and an inference engine based on hypergraphs that permits intelligent student supervision of this stage of the solving process. The framework presented makes it possible to simultaneously: a) represent all potential algebraic solutions to a given word problem; b) keep track of the student’s actions; c) provide automatic remediation; and d) determine the current state of the resolution process univocally. Starting from these ideas, we have designed an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). An experimental eva…
Relación entre complejidad y dificultad en tareas con patrones lineales reiterativos en estudiantes de 5 años
2018
Una de las finalidades de la enseñanza de las matemáticas en Educación Infantil es fomentar el pensamiento lógico, la creatividad y la capacidad para resolver problemas de los estudiantes. Entre las actividades escolares propias de estas edades es habitual encontrar tareas de identificación y continuación de patrones lineales de repetición. Esta actividad puede ser estudiada desde un contexto de resolución de problemas en el que el estudiante debe discriminar la información superflua de aquella que le permite obtener la regla de generación de la serie y resolver la tarea. Diferentes variables como la longitud del núcleo de repetición, el número de descriptores, su naturaleza o la aparición …
A multiple criteria decision model for analyzing and choosing among different development patterns for the Helsinki cargo harbor
1999
Abstract This paper describes a real application of a multicriteria approach to choosing among different options for developing the Helsinki harbor. In addition to the environmental impact assessment procedure, an analysis of the alternatives using the SMAA-method (Stochastic Multiobjective Acceptability Analysis) is carried out. The method applied here has been developed for situations in which the use of decision-makers’ preference information is not possible. Instead, the problem is described by typical weight vectors leading to each solution, taking into account the evident uncertainty embedded in the criteria values.
Unawareness and Partitional Information Structures
1999
Abstract We claim first that simple uncertainty is not an adequate model of a subject's ignorance, because a major component of it is the inability to give a complete description of the states of the world, and we provide a formal model of unawareness. In Modica and Rustichini (1994) we showed a difficulty in the project, namely that without weakening of the inference rules of the logic one would face the unpleasant alternative between full awareness and full unawareness. In this paper we study a logical system where non full awareness is possible, and prove that a satisfactory solution to the problem can be found by introducing limited reasoning ability of the subject. A determination theo…
Moral Neuroeducation from a Phylogenetic, Ontogenetic and Functional Perspective
2019
The aim of this chapter is to consider a series of key contributions to moral neuroeducation from a threefold phylogenetic, ontogenetic and functional perspective. I will argue that an individual’s transition from social to moral behaviour occurs through the concurrence of certain faculties with a specific degree of complexity. With regard to both phylogenesis and ontogenesis, certain kinds of prosocial behaviours become moral in certain specific conditions. The study of these conditions reveals which faculties are involved in moral behaviour, how they do so, and how they relate to one another. A third functional perspective thereby becomes necessary to explain how morality functions at bot…
Vocational training and moral judgement
1998
Abstract Since Carol Gilligan (1982) presented her conception of “two morals”, several empirical studies have been carried out to verify her assumption that the moral reasoning of men and women generally follows different principles. These research findings led to an examination of gender-specific traits in a sample of insurance apprentices. The data suggest that Gilligan’s assumption cannot be upheld although the detailed analysis of moral reasoning and the conditions of its development seem to be gender-biased. Gender differences in moral judgments should not be dealt with as a matter of the quality of moral reasoning (“different voice-hypothesis”), but rather as a matter of perceiving so…
The function of olfactory experience in reasoning : An empirical study
2019
This study reports the role of olfactory experience (i. e. smell of medication) in a nine-year old girl’s reasoning in pair-work situation where the children were asked to choose items useful on a desert island. The extract analysed here is part of the larger data set of my dissertation, in which I investigate how sensory-motor activities involved in reasoning. I video-recorded an experimental task, in which the participants (N=27; age=9; Hungarian L1) have been asked to choose 7 items out of 14 to take those to an imaginary uninhabited island. The multimodal analysis shows that children did not choose the vitamin pills due to its unpleasant smell. The findings suggests that crossmodal expe…
Usage of Case-based Reasoning in FMEA-driven Software
2014
Abstract Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is among the most widely used safety analysis procedures in the various industries. The procedure is generally perceived as complex and time-consuming, hindering an effective reuse of previous knowledge. In this paper we present an innovative usage of knowledge system into FMEA process using the Case-based reasoning to reduce the time and effort associated with this analysis. Knowledge system is built to serve multi-projects work that nowadays are in place in any manufacturing or services provider, and knowledge must be retained and reused at the company level and not only at project level. Collaboration is assured trough web-based GUI that s…
Engineering multi-agent systems: State of affairs and the road ahead
2019
International audience; The continuous integration of software-intensive systems together with the ever-increasing computing power offer a breeding ground for intelligent agents and multi-agent systems (MAS) more than ever before. Over the past two decades, a wide variety of languages, models, techniques and methodologies have been proposed to engineer agents and MAS. Despite this substantial body of knowledge and expertise, the systematic engineering of large-scale and open MAS still poses many challenges. Researchers and engineers still face fundamental questions regarding theories, architectures, languages, processes, and platforms for designing, implementing, running, maintaining, and e…
Probabilistic entailment in the setting of coherence: The role of quasi conjunction and inclusion relation
2013
In this paper, by adopting a coherence-based probabilistic approach to default reasoning, we focus the study on the logical operation of quasi conjunction and the Goodman-Nguyen inclusion relation for conditional events. We recall that quasi conjunction is a basic notion for defining consistency of conditional knowledge bases. By deepening some results given in a previous paper we show that, given any finite family of conditional events F and any nonempty subset S of F, the family F p-entails the quasi conjunction C(S); then, given any conditional event E|H, we analyze the equivalence between p-entailment of E|H from F and p-entailment of E|H from C(S), where S is some nonempty subset of F.…