Search results for "reasoning"

DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYZING WAYS OF REASONING IN MATHEMATICS

2022

Mathematics education literature involves studies that sought a way of investigating the mode of reasoning in mathematics textbooks because textbooks are the main resource for teachers in planning their mathematics lessons. In this vein, this study aimed to analyze the ways of reasoning in mathematics textbooks that are currently used in five countries: Slovakia, Czech Republic, Italy, Norway, and Turkiye, as a part of a Horizon 2020 Project. We initially started with a framework that aimed to examine the effect of teachers’ participation in the lesson study on the improvement of students’ mathematical reasoning (Project LESSAM). However, as the textbook analysis of different countries proc…

Medical Metaphors in Economics News Articles in English and Italian

2017

As Lakoff and Johnson (1980: 3) state in Metaphors We Live by, “our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature.” From a linguistic point of view, metaphors not only exist in everyday language but in specialized discourse too, where they are frequently the result of interdisciplinary borrowings. The language of economics, replete with medical metaphors, is one of the most representative examples of this phenomenon. This paper offers a quantitative and qualitative analysis of medical metaphors in English and Italian economics news discourse, as no research seems to have been conducted so far on the topic from a cross-linguistic…

Causal Reasoning in Mild Mental Disabled Children

2017

Abstract This study is focused to analyze mild mental retardation children’s ability to make causal attributions from sparse data. The research method selected was that of an unifactorial experiment starting from the assumption that children with mild mental retardation should ask for help or explore the environment following the causal attribution they will do according to the statistical data they receive. This study was conducted on a sample of 23 mild mental retardation children (ages between 9 and 12). The participants were randomly divided into two experimental groups and they were asked to complete a specific task (press a button to scroll a set of images). The results obtained using…

Formal Modeling and Discrete-Time Analysis of BPEL Web Services

2008

International audience; Web services are increasingly used for building enterprise information systems according to the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) paradigm. We propose in this paper a tool-equipped methodology allowing the formal modeling and analysis of Web services described in the BPEL language. The discrete-time transition systems modeling the behavior of BPEL descriptions are obtained by an exhaustive simulation based on a formalization of BPEL semantics using the Algebra of Timed Processes (ATP). These models are then analyzed by model checking value-based temporal logic properties using the CADP toolbox. The approach is illustrated with the design of a Web service for GPS na…

Context-aware intelligent video analysis for the management of smart buildings

2019

To date, computer vision systems are limited to extract digital data of what the cameras "see". However, the meaning of what they observe could be greatly enhanced by environment and human-skills knowledge.In this work, we propose a new approach to cross-fertilize computer vision with contextual information, based on semantic modelization defined by an expert.This approach extracts the knowledge from images and uses it to perform real-time reasoning according to the contextual information, events of interest and logic rules. The reasoning with image knowledge allows to overcome some problems of computer vision such as occlusion and missed detections and to offer services such as people guid…

The pre-zygote identity as a moral issue.

2008

Introduction by the Editors

2015

Kohlberg’s approach to moral development and moral education continues to stimulate researchers and educators worldwide. His work still offers knowledge, methods and inspirations for understanding moral cognition and behavior, and how to foster it. This volume examines aspects of Kohlberg’s moral stage developmental theory and his theory of moral education to revisit their strengths and weaknesses in light of new questions and methods.

Are There Essentially Incomplete Knowledge Representation Systems?

2001

A mathematical model of a knowledge representation system (KR-system) is proposed. Its prototype is the concept of an information system in the sense of Z. Pawlak; however, the model is, in fact, a substantial extension of the latter. In our model, attributes may form an arbitrary category, where morphisms represent built-in functional dependencies, and uncertainty of knowledge is treated in terms of category theory via monads. Several notions of simulation are also considered for such KR-systems. In this general setting, the semiphilosophical problem mentioned in the title, still open, is given a precise meaning.

Cinema Data Mining

2015

While the physiological response of humans to emotional events or stimuli is well-investigated for many modalities (like EEG, skin resistance, ...), surprisingly little is known about the exhalation of so-called Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) at quite low concentrations in response to such stimuli. VOCs are molecules of relatively small mass that quickly evaporate or sublimate and can be detected in the air that surrounds us. The paper introduces a new field of application for data mining, where trace gas responses of people reacting on-line to films shown in cinemas (or movie theaters) are related to the semantic content of the films themselves. To do so, we measured the VOCs from a mov…

Multiple-attribute decision support system based on fuzzy logic for performance assessment

2005

Abstract This paper deals with the problem of assessing the performance of a set of production units, simultaneously considering different kinds of information, yielded by a Data Envelopment Analysis, a qualitative data analysis and an expert assessment. The tool for integrating heterogeneous data is a model that applies fuzzy logic to decision support systems. The results obtained are a holistic performance assessment of each unit of the set and a ranking order of the units.