Search results for "reduction"
showing 10 items of 2058 documents
Future Development of an Energy-Efficient Electric Scooter Sharing System Based on a Stakeholder Analysis Method
2023
E-scooters as a new form of mobility are gaining more and more popularity. This popularity results from the flexibility of this mode of transport, but above all from the positive impact on the natural environment through the much higher energy efficiency of an e-scooter compared to a motor vehicle (according to the literature the rate is 2 km per kWh equivalent for a motor vehicle and the range is 90–100 km per kWh in the case of an e-scooter). This paper introduces a discussion on the future development of an energy-efficient electric scooter sharing system based on stakeholder analysis methods. The implementation of the e-scooter sharing system involves linking several areas of human acti…
Heart rate control with oral ivabradine in computed tomography coronary angiography: a randomized comparison of 7.5 mg vs 5 mg regimen.
2013
Background: Heart rate (HR) reduction is essential to achieve optimal image quality and diagnostic accuracy with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA). Administration of oral ivabradine seems to be more effective than beta-blockade in reducing HR in patients referred for CTCA. Methods: Two-hundred-fifty-nine consecutive patients referred for CTCA were prospectively enrolled. Patients not receiving beta-blocker at baseline (group 1) and those with beta-blocker therapy (group 2) were enrolled in the study. Each group was randomized into 3 parallel arms with 1:1:1 allocation. Patients who did not receive beta-blocker at baseline: underwent CTCA without beta blocker (n=49), and receiv…
Cost Reduction in Irrigation Networks by an Efficient Use of Pressure Reducing Valves
1992
The cost effective design of hydraulic networks has been traditionally studied from the point of view of the relationship between hydraulic variables and economic parameters, with piping being the main element studied. The reason is clear: the piping is by far the most costly item of a projected network. However it is not usual to find an explicit consideration of the influence that pipe thickness has on the cost of the network because of the added difficulty that this aspect poses to formulating the problem of optimization. In irrigation networks, which are typically branched, it is advisable to place Pressure Reducing Valves (PRV’s) to fulfil three main goals: 1) to control the flow rate …
Analysis, design, and evaluation of a high frequency inductor to reduce manufacturing cost, and improve the efficiency of a PV inverter
2013
Photovoltaic inverters are the major functional units of the photovoltaic systems. Therefore, efficiency and cost are vitally important in the design, and operation of the PV system. Magnetic components are the bulkiest component and highly affect the efficiency of the galvanically isolated PV inverter and design of such component generally involves a compromise between the reduction of core loss at the expense of increased winding loss or vice versa. The loss characteristics of the magnetic material itself present a fundamental limitation on core loss reduction, implying that the intrinsic reduction of core loss density depends on magnetic material improvements. Hence, the essential tradeo…
Suitability of the ASA Model in Nigeria
2010
This paper looks at the lending methodology adopted by ASA International in Nigeria and how the model is suited for operations within the Nigerian microfinance sector. It begins by examining the critical success factors that contribute towards ASA having a lean operations, how it manages operations efficiencies, and finally makes a set of recommendations that Nigerian Microfinance Institutions could adopt.
A synthesis of feasible control methods for floating offshore wind turbine system dynamics
2021
Abstract During the past decade, the development of offshore wind energy has transitioned from near shore with shallow water to offshore middle-depth water regions. Consequently, the energy conversion technology has shifted from bottom-fixed wind turbines to floating offshore wind turbines. Floating offshore wind turbines are considered more suitable, but their cost is still very high. One of the main reasons for this is that the system dynamics control method is not well-adapted, thereby affecting the performance and reliability of the wind turbine system. The additional motion of the platform tends to compromise the system’s performance in terms of power maximization, power regulation, an…
Effect of a 3-week body mass reduction program on body composition, muscle function and motor performance in pubertal obese boys and girls
2005
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a multidisciplinary body mass reduction (BMR) program on body composition, muscle function and motor performance in 50 obese [mean body mass index (BMI): 35.9+/-5.8 kg/m2] boys and girls aged 12-17 yr (Tanner stage III, IV and V). The hospital-based BMR program combined an energy-restricted diet (1400-1600 kcal), nutritional education, psychological counselling and moderate physical activity (45-60 min/ session; 5 sessions/week; 60-80% of the maximal heart rate) during a 3-week period. Fat mass, fat-free mass, maximal power during jumping and stair climbing as well as maximal strength of the upper and lower limb muscles were quantified…
Lifestyle counseling to reduce body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors among truck and bus drivers – a randomized controlled trial
2015
Objectives We conducted a randomized trial among overweight long-distance drivers to study the effects of structured lifestyle counseling on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods Men with waist circumference > 100 cm were randomized into a lifestyle counseling (LIFE, N=55) and a reference (REF, N=58) group. The LIFE group participated in monthly counseling on nutrition, physical activity, and sleep for 12 months aiming at 10% weight loss. After 12 months, the REF group participated in 3-month counseling. Assessments took place at 0, 12, and 24 months. Between-group differences in changes were analyzed by generalized linear modeling. Metabolic risk (Z score) was calculated fr…
Negotiation in Type 2 Diabetes Counseling: From Problem Recognition to Mutual Acceptance During Lifestyle Counseling
2003
Negotiation, an essential communication activity in lifestyle counseling, has rarely been studied at the micro level of interaction. Furthermore, the evidence for interpersonal negotiation to occur in counseling practice is inconclusive. In this study, the authors describe how negotiation focused on lifestyle changes was produced in nurse-patient interaction. The research data, 73 videotaped diabetes counseling situations, were analyzed using conversation analysis. The process of negotiation consisted of recognizing the problems in the patients' health behavior, offering proposals as solutions to the problems, and reaching an agreement on them. Negotiation had characteristics similar to th…
Modified mode-coupling theory for the collective dynamics of simple liquids
2011
Recently it has been shown that mode-coupling theory, which accounts for the salient features of glassy relaxation near the liquid–glass transition, is also capable of describing the collective excitations of simple liquids away from the glass transition. In order to further improve the agreement between theory and computer simulations on Lennard-Jones argon we modify MCT by taking binary collisions into account. This, in fact, improves the agreement. We also show that multiplying the memory function of the original theory with a reduction factor leads to similar results.