Search results for "reform"

Doctoral education reform in Finland : institutionalized and individualized doctoral studies within European framework

2017

In Europe, doctoral education systems have been systematically reformed. These reforms are aimed at improving the quality of research and the competitiveness of European countries. In Finland, the reform project of doctoral education started vigorously in the mid-1990s which has contributed significantly to the emergence of more structured doctoral training. The starting point for this article was a recent national follow-up evaluation of doctoral education in Finland. The results are based on qualitative analysis of a survey and interview data collected in the evaluation. The results showed that Finnish universities are launching the university-wide graduate school model. Each university i…

El último intelectual (y 4). Un modelo

2007

Los edificios de la telefónica en Valencia (1926-1928)

2003

El artículo es un estudio del proceso de construcción y de la historia de los dos edificios para oficinas y central telefónica construidos en Valencia por la Compañía Telefónica Nacional de España entre 1926 y 1928. Tanto la sede central, situada en la plaza más importante de la ciudad, como la subcentral del distrito marítimo, ubicada en la popular barriada de El Grao de Valencia, constituyen por su tipología constructiva y su peculiaridad estética dos casos singulares en el panorama arquitectónico valenciano. (A)

Il rinnovamento psichiatrico in Sicilia prima della Legge 180 (1968-1978)

2019

Negli ultimi anni, nuovi e importanti contributi hanno ricostruito il dibattito intorno alla Legge 180 del 1978, con attenzione tanto al quadro nazionale quanto alle specificità locali. Rimane però poco esplorata la questione del superamento del manicomio al Sud, e in Sicilia in particolare. Il saggio intende presentare i primi risultati di una ricerca sulla ricezione del dibattito sulla rivoluzione psichiatrica nel Mezzogiorno, e propone una riflessione sul complesso quadro in cui nel decennio 1968-78 nell’isola hanno luogo, seppure a macchia di leopardo, intense esperienze di lotta anti-istituzionale.

The Case for a Local Net Value-Added Tax for Municipalities

1987

In this paper the case made by the Advisory Council of the Federal Ministry of Finance for reform of the local business tax in Germany is outlined. The criteria for a good local tax are described, and the proposals deriving from the Council are presented. The proposed reform is to introduce a local value-added tax of the income type. This tax would be defined on the base of business payroll, profits, interest paid, and rent. It would include businesses, professions, and administrative bodies. The reform is outlined and possible criticisms are assessed. With appropriate definitions of tax base and an enlargement of the group of taxpayers, the value-added tax is argued to be the best approac…

A Comparative Analysis of Hospital Readmissions in France and the US

2015

International audience; Policymakers in the US and France are struggling to improve coordination among hospitals and other health care providers. A comparison of hospital readmission rates, and the factors that may explain them, can provide important insights about the French and US health care systems. In addition, it illustrates a methodological approach to comparative research: how an empirical inquiry along a single indicator can reveal broader issues about system-wide differences across health care systems and policy. Using data from three French regions, the article extends a previous national-level comparison indicating that rates of hospital readmission for the population aged 65+ a…

In Search of Dialogicity: A Comparison of Curricular Documents and Classroom Interactions from Finland and Hong Kong

2017

The prevailing consensus is that science teaching should be more student-centered and guide learners towards more phenomenon-based and authentic problem-solving activities. This approach is reflected in educational policies and recently reformed curricula. However, there is limited research on how these frameworks actually manifest in curricula and how to facilitate student-centered pedagogy. In this study, we examine the student-centered features of the curricula of two countries: Finland and Hong Kong. Student-centeredness in the classroom can be assessed using the principles of dialogicity. Dialogic principles underpin student-centeredness, particularly in teacher-orchestrated whole-clas…

2021

In recent decades, an essential global aim of the reforms of special education has been the promotion of inclusive education. This article discusses the implementation of reforms with a focus on tiered support systems in the context of Finnish comprehensive school education. Based on earlier literature, legislation, and administrative documents, we provide a background for Finnish education policy and special education reforms. The focus of this article is on the description of parallel reforms targeting the re-structuring of the systems around support for students and funding of education in the 2010s. We discuss the processes leading to these reforms and the reforms themselves. In additio…

Teacher Agency and Futures Thinking

2022

Problems encountered in top-down school reforms have repeatedly highlighted the significance of teachers’ agency in educational change. At the same time, temporality has been identified as a key element in teachers’ agency, with teachers’ beliefs about the future and experiences of the past shaping their agentic orientations. However, research on teachers’ future orientations is typically limited to short-term trajectories, as opposed to long-term visions of education. To address this, we draw on a futures studies perspective to give more explicit attention to teachers’ long-term visions of their work. We argue that the method of future narratives, already well…

Ecological tax reform?a value chain level approach

2002

This study assesses the effects of an ecological tax reform on three value chains. These case studies lead to an analysis of the business strategy options when companies face a shift in the relative prices of their production factors. The results support earlier research findings that the direct effects of an ecological tax reform on the price competitiveness of companies is on average rather small. However, the effects of the reform are shown to vary significantly between the different parts of the value chain. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment