Search results for "refusal"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Clinical significance of test refusal among young children.
2001
The present study describes the incidence of test refusal at neuropsychological assessment, investigates its correlates, and its stability. The participants were 124 children aged 3.5 years whose development has been followed from birth in the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Dyslexia (JLD). The frequency of test refusal on the Finnish version of the NEPSY was analyzed with respect to the children's concurrent and earlier cognitive and language skills, assessed using tests and parental ratings. Refusal during test-taking was found to be relatively common at this age, and high frequency of refusal at an earlier age was associated with similar tendency at a later age. High test refusal was ass…
Vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents: An international ID-IRI survey
2022
Introduction: Although vaccines are the safest and most effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, the increasing rate of vaccine hesitancy and refusal (VHR) has become a worldwide concern. We aimed to find opinions of parents on vaccinating their children and contribute to available literature in order to support the fight against vaccine refusal by investigating the reasons for VHR on a global scale.Methodology: In this international cross-sectional multicenter study conducted by the Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI), a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was used to determine parents' attitudes towards vaccination of their children.Resul…
Comparing Long-Acting Antipsychotic Discontinuation Rates Under Ordinary Clinical Circumstances: A Survival Analysis from an Observational, Pragmatic…
2021
Background Recent guidelines suggested a wider use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) than previously, but naturalistic data on the consequences of LAI use in terms of discontinuation rates and associated factors are still sparse, making it hard for clinicians to be informed on plausible treatment courses. Objective Our objective was to assess, under real-world clinical circumstances, LAI discontinuation rates over a period of 12 months after a first prescription, reasons for discontinuation, and associated factors. Methods The STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ was a naturalistic, multicentre, observational prospective study that enrolled subjects initiating a LAI without restrictions …
The long-term outcome of 2 family intervention strategies in schizophrenia.
2006
The different family-based interventions that have proven to be effective in treating people with schizophrenia present some therapeutic elements in common and differ in certain other respects, although to date, none of the proposed approaches have demonstrated to be clearly superior to each other in reduced relapse and readmission rates. Although the approaches based on relatives group therapies save considerable amounts of time, some data reveal better short-term results when the intervention focuses on the family unit and the participant patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the clinical and social benefits observed in the short term would be maintained 5 yea…
Contributing factors and outcomes of treatment refusal in pediatric oncology in Germany
2016
Background In Germany, about 1,800 new cases of pediatric cancer under 15 years of age are diagnosed each year and survival rates approach 80%. Although treatment is covered by health insurance and is thus available for all patients at no cost, treatment refusal and treatment discontinuation have been observed. However, no data providing numbers and outcomes for developed countries have been published thus far. Procedure A questionnaire-based survey was performed among German pediatric oncology centers to ascertain the number of treatment refusals among pediatric patients who were diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2009 in Germany. Results Questionnaires from 70 of 73 centers were …
Polypoid anal melanoma. A case report and review of the literature
2016
Ano-rectal melanoma is an uncommon finding in patients complaining of rectal bleeding and/or anal mass often misinterpreted as a haemorroidal pile.A 55-years-old woman, complaining of rectal bleeding, frequent anal pain and anal mass suspected for haemorroidal thrombosis was referred for evaluation and possible treatment. A brown polypoid mass arising from the anal canal/lower rectum with a maximum diameter of 6 cm was diagnosed. The hystological examination of the neoplasm, transanally removed, revealed the presence of a polypoid melanoma partially involving the resection margin. Nor metastases nor limph-node involvement were found at the total-body CT scan and at a CT-PET. C-KIT examinati…
Autonomy and patient prisoners
2007
Los autores estudian una reciente sentencia de la Sala 3ª del Tribunal Supremo en la que se declara la responsabilidad patrimonial de la Administración por la muerte de un paciente preso. Se analizan los argumentos de la Sala desde una perspectiva jurídica, ética, médica y social. Concluyen que: 1: la Administración no está legitimada para imponer tratamientos médicos a los reclusos, salvo que medie riesgo grave y cierto para su vida, incapacidad para decidir o riesgo para la salud de terceros; 2: que la sentencia supone un ataque frontal a la autonomía de los pacientes presos en la toma de decisiones sanitarias que les afecten; 3: que desde un punto de vista médico es discriminatoria, ya q…
Mapping routine measles vaccination in low- and middle-income countries
2021
The safe, highly effective measles vaccine has been recommended globally since 1974, yet in 2017 there were more than 17 million cases of measles and 83,400 deaths in children under 5 years old, and more than 99% of both occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)1–4. Globally comparable, annual, local estimates of routine first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage are critical for understanding geographically precise immunity patterns, progress towards the targets of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), and high-risk areas amid disruptions to vaccination programmes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)5–8. Here we generated annual estimates of routine childhoo…
Moralna odpowiedzialność rodziców za szczepienie dzieci - czynniki modyfikujące w realiach polskich
2020
Kontekst badań: Szczepienia ochronne dzieci są dobrodziejstwem dla zdrowia indywidualnych osób i epidemicznej ochrony społeczeństwa. Obserwowane narastające lawinowo zjawisko uchylania się przez rodziców od szczepień dzieci wymaga pogłębionych badań pod kątem ich odpowiedzialności moralnej za zaniechanie działania. Cel badań: zweryfikowanie hipotezy badawcze, która brzmiała: Odpowiednio silny wpływ czynnika modyfikującego postawy rodziców wobec szczepień ochronnych dzieci może zmniejszyć odpowiedzialność moralną rodziców za niepodjęcie obowiązku szczepiennego. Metoda badawcza: w badaniach zastosowano desk research, a więc analizę danych zastanych, z uwzględnieniem dostępnych dokumentów, bad…
Negative responses to strategic innovation, a case study of record labels facing streaming
2021
Record labels are organizations in charge of phonographic production at the interface between musicians and the audience. Since the arrival of digital technologies such as the mp3 and the Internet, record labels have had to adapt to several changes: wider distribution channels, dematerialized competitors, customers’ demands for free music, more ephemeral cooperation. Specifically, streaming platforms like Spotify brought a major change known as a strategic innovation. A strategic innovation is a strong change that overturns all previously established values in the sector (renewal of values attached to the product, values attached to the customer relationship and power relations). However, f…