Search results for "regulation"
showing 10 items of 4463 documents
Telomerase and Telomere Length in Pulmonary Fibrosis
2013
In addition to its expression in stem cells and many cancers, telomerase activity is transiently induced in murine bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis with increased levels of telomerase transcriptase (TERT) expression, which is essential for fibrosis. To extend these observations to human chronic fibrotic lung disease, we investigated the expression of telomerase activity in lung fibroblasts from patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The results showed that telomerase activity was induced in more than 66% of IPF lung fibroblast samples, in comparison with less than 29% from control samples, some of which were obtained from lu…
Aclidinium inhibits cigarette smoke-induced lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition.
2012
Cigarette smoking contributes to lung remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As part of this remodelling, peribronchiolar fibrosis is observed in the small airways of COPD patients and contributes to airway obstruction. Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition is a key step in peribronchiolar fibrosis formation. This in vitro study examined the effect of cigarette smoke on bronchial fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, and whether aclidinium bromide inhibits this process. Human bronchial fibroblasts were incubated with aclidinium bromide (10 −9 –10 −7 M) and exposed to cigarette smoke extract. Collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression were measured …
CD34+ progenitor to endothelial cell transition in post-pneumonectomy angiogenesis.
2012
In many species, pneumonectomy triggers compensatory lung growth that results in an increase not only in lung volume, but also in alveolar number. Whether the associated alveolar angiogenesis involves the contribution of blood-borne progenitor cells is unknown. To identify and characterize blood-borne progenitor cells contributing to lung growth after pneumonectomy in mice, we studied wild-type and wild-type/green fluorescence protein (GFP) parabiotic mice after left pneumonectomy. Within 21 days of pneumonectomy, a 3.2-fold increase occurred in the number of lung endothelial cells. This increase in total endothelial cells was temporally associated with a 7.3-fold increase in the number of …
European Respiratory Society statement on sleep apnoea, sleepiness and driving risk
2021
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is highly prevalent and is a recognised risk factor for motor vehicle accidents (MVA). Effective treatment with continuous positive airway pressure has been associated with a normalisation of this increased accident risk. Thus, many jurisdictions have introduced regulations restricting the ability of OSA patients from driving until effectively treated. However, uncertainty prevails regarding the relative importance of OSA severity determined by the apnoea–hypopnoea frequency per hour and the degree of sleepiness in determining accident risk. Furthermore, the identification of subjects at risk of OSA and/or accident risk remains elusive. The introduction of off…
Aclidinium inhibits human lung fibroblast to myofibroblast transition
2011
Background Fibroblast to myofibroblast transition is believed to contribute to airway remodelling in lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study examines the role of aclidinium, a new long-acting muscarinic antagonist, on human fibroblast to myofibroblast transition. Methods Human bronchial fibroblasts were stimulated with carbachol (10 −8 to 10 −5 M) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1; 2 ng/ml) in the presence or absence of aclidinium (10 −9 to 10 −7 M) or different drug modulators for 48 h. Characterisation of myofibroblasts was performed by analysis of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA and protein expression as well as α…
Critical role of fractalkine (CX3CL1) in cigarette smoke-induced mononuclear cell adhesion to the arterial endothelium.
2012
Background Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, yet the pathways through which this may operate are poorly understood. Therefore, the mechanism underlying cigarette smoke (CS)-induced arterial endothelial dysfunction and the potential link with fractalkine/CX3CL1 upregulation were investigated. Methods and results Stimulation of human arterial umbilical endothelial cells (HUAECs) with pathophysiological concentrations of CS extract (1% CSE) increased CX3CL1 expression. Neutralisation of CX3CL1 activity under dynamic flow conditions significantly inhibited CSE-induced mononuclear cell adhesion to HUAECs (67%). The use of small interferi…
Juridiskā zinātne, Nr. 11
2018
The publishing of Journal “Law” of the University of Latvia is financed by the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. The publishing of issue No. 11 is supported by “Eversheds Sutherland Bitāns” Law Office.
Positive Allosteric Control of Guests Encapsulation by Metal Binding to Covalent Porphyrin Cages
2018
The allosteric control of the receptor properties of two flexible covalent cages is reported. These receptors consist of two zinc(II) porphyrins connected by four linkers of two different sizes, each incorporating two 1,2,3‐triazolyl ligands. Silver(I) ions act as effectors, responsible for an on/off encapsulation mechanism of neutral guest molecules. Binding silver(I) ions to the triazoles opens the cages and triggers the coordination of pyrazine or the encapsulation of N,N′‐dibutyl‐1,4,5,8‐naphthalene diimide. The X‐ray structure of the silver(I)‐complexed receptor with short connectors is reported, revealing the hollow structure with a cavity well‐defined by two eclipsed porphyrins. Rath…
Transcriptome responses to carbon tetrachloride and pyrene in the kidney and liver of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
2005
Abstract We report the effects of the hepatotoxic compound carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) and pyrene, a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, on the transcriptomes of juvenile rainbow trout kidneys and livers. Fish were exposed to sublethal doses for 4 days and expression of 1273 genes was measured using a cDNA microarray. Efforts were focused on differentiating between unspecific responses and those that can be regarded as molecular signatures of CCl 4 and pyrene toxicities. Expression profiles were analyzed in terms of Gene Ontology categories. Universal reactions to chemical toxicity were observed in metallothionein, HSP90 and mitochondrial proteins of oxidative phosphorylation, which we…
Amyloid-Beta Induces Different Expression Pattern of Tissue Transglutaminase and Its Isoforms on Olfactory Ensheathing Cells: Modulatory Effect of In…
2021
Abstract Alzhèimer Disease (AD) is characterized by protein aggregates in the brain, including amyloid-beta (Aβ), a substrate for tissue transglutaminase (TG2). We assessed the effect of full native peptide of Aβ (1–42), the fragments (25–35 and 35–25) on TG2 expression and its isoforms (Long and Short) on mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs). The levels of cytoskeletal proteins, Vimentin and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein, were also studied. The effect of the pre-treatment with Indicaxanthin on cell viability, total Reactive Oxygen Species, superoxide anion and apoptotic pathway activation was assessed. Since Nestin is co-expressed in pluripotent stem cells with cyclin D1, their levels …