Search results for "relation"

showing 10 items of 10542 documents

Observations on the effects of cyclophosphamide, phosphoramide mustard and some activated oxazaphosphorines on murine L1210 leukemia.

1984

The L1210 tumor system was used in vitro and in vivo in comparative studies with activated cyclophosphamide analogs, cyclophosphamide and phosphoramide mustard. All the above compounds gave substantial cell kills (5 logs) of L1210 in vivo at doses that were non-toxic, but slight differences were noted. ASTA Z 7557 had a slight advantage in cure rate over cyclophosphamide when these drugs were given i.v. or i.p. to early tumor (i.p.). However, cyclophosphamide had the advantage in cure rate when drug administration was i.v. to advanced tumor. At equimolar concentrations in vitro ASTA Z 7557 was more cytotoxic than either phosphoramide mustard or acrolein. In vivo, the activated cyclophospham…

CyclophosphamideCell SurvivalPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundMiceFibrosisIn vivomedicineAnimalsPharmacology (medical)Clonogenic assayLeukemia L1210CyclophosphamideTumor Stem Cell AssayPharmacologyMice Inbred BALB CDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryAcroleinTumor Stem Cell Assaymedicine.diseasePhosphoramide MustardIn vitroOncologychemistryMice Inbred DBAPhosphoramide Mustardsbusinessmedicine.drugInvestigational new drugs
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Neuronal Bioenergetics and Acute Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Clue to Understanding the Central Nervous System Side Effects of Efavirenz

2014

Background. Neurological pathogenesis is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and differences in neuronal/glial handling of oxygen and glucose. The main side effects attributed to efavirenz involve the CNS, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Methods. Human cell lines and rat primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes were treated with clinically relevant efavirenz concentration. Results. Efavirenz alters mitochondrial respiration, enhances reactive oxygen species generation, undermines mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in a concentration-dependent fashion in both neurons and glial cells. However, it activates adenosine monophospha…

CyclopropanesCell SurvivalCell RespirationPharmacologyMitochondrionBiologymedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundOxygen ConsumptionHIV-associated neurocognitive disordersSuperoxidesnitric oxideCell Line TumorneurotoxicitymedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyGlycolysisRats WistarMembrane Potential MitochondrialNeuronsMembrane potentialDose-Response Relationship DrugNeurotoxicityHIVefavirenzmedicine.diseasecentral nervous systemAdenosineBenzoxazinesMitochondriaRatsmitochondriaInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrynervous systemAlkynesAstrocytesReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsNeurogliaEnergy MetabolismNeurogliaAdenosine triphosphateOxidative stressmedicine.drug
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Enhanced oxidative stress and increased mitochondrial mass during Efavirenz-induced apoptosis in human hepatic cells

2010

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Efavirenz (EFV) is widely used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Though highly efficient, there is growing concern about EFV-related side effects, the molecular basis of which remains elusive. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vitro studies were performed to address the effect of clinically relevant concentrations of EFV (10, 25 and 50 mu M) on human hepatic cells. KEY RESULTS Cellular proliferation and viability were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. Analyses of the cell cycle and several cell death parameters (chromatin condensation, phosphatidylserine exteriorization, mitochondrial proapoptotic protein translocation and caspase activation) revealed that EFV tr…

CyclopropanesMalehepatotoxicityCarcinoma HepatocellularTime FactorsAnti-HIV AgentsCell SurvivalApoptosisMitochondria LiverPhosphatidylserinesAntioxidantsSuperoxidesHumansChromansantiretroviral drugsCell Proliferationreactive oxygen speciesDose-Response Relationship DrugCell CycleLiver NeoplasmsChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyResearch PapersGlutathioneBenzoxazinesmitochondriaOxidative Stressside effectscell deathLiverAlkynesFemaleEfavirenzApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsHeLa Cells
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Effectiveness of BFRP confinement on the compressive behaviour of clay brick masonry cylinders

2020

Abstract This paper presents the results of an experimental and analytical study on the compressive behaviour of small clay brick masonry cylinders reinforced with a basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) composite. Fourteen cylinders, manufactured using two assembling schemes and confined using either one or two layers of BFRP grids, were tested under monotonic compression loading. Traditional strain measuring systems were integrated with digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The BFRP confined masonry cylinders showed a ductile behaviour characterised by a softening branch of the stress–strain curve. The experimental strains, strength, and full stress–strain curves were modelled using…

CylindersDigital image correlationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryComposite numberDigital image correlation02 engineering and technologyMasonry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCompression (physics)Settore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle Costruzioni020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringCeramics and CompositesClay brickBFRPComposite materialMasonry0210 nano-technologybusinessSofteningConfinementCivil and Structural EngineeringComposite Structures
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Les enjeux cognitifs et linguistiques du sujet parlant plurilingue en néoténie linguistique : le cas du locuteur chypriote-grec

2019

It is not realistic to claim that a speaker can use a language perfectly or that he /she has an excellent knowledge of whichever language, like many speakers like to claim when asked. It is true that a speaker may have some excellent linguistic skills, however cognitively speaking, this doesn’t say much. The cognitive relations that we maintain with the world’s languages are far beyond the linguistic dimension, excessively found in textbooks. Speaking a language means being able to exist in that language, in the sense that our being is there registered. We are led by our linguistic intuition to express ourselves and we do it spontaneously with respect to each language’s boundaries. However,…

Cypriot Greek speakerLinguistiqueReations cognitivesNeotenic speakerLocuteur néoténiqueCognitive relationsLocuteur chypriote-GrecLinguisticsVouloir-Dire[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics[SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics
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Furocoumarins as multi-target agents in the treatment of cystic fibrosis.

2019

Multi-target molecular entities, offer a path to progress both in understanding causes of disease and in defining effective small molecule treatments. Coumarin and its derivatives belong to an important group of natural compounds with diverse biological properties. They are found in vegetables and plants for which literature reports thousands of publications for the great variety of biological applications among which the photoprotective effects, thus being considered multi-targeting agents. Their furan condensed analogues constitute the family of furocoumarins, less represented in the literature, endowed with photosensitizing properties and often used for the treatment of skin diseases suc…

Cystic FibrosisFurocoumarinComputational biologyCystic fibrosisStructure-Activity RelationshipMulti targetCoumarinsBiological propertyFurocoumarinsDrug DiscoverymedicineCystic fibrosis (CF)HumansCFTR modulatorPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCFTR modulatorsMulti-target agentsSmall moleculeFurocoumarinsCFTR modulators; Cystic fibrosis (CF); Furocoumarins; Multi-target agentsEuropean journal of medicinal chemistry
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Enhancement of premature stop codon readthrough in the CFTR gene by Ataluren (PTC124) derivatives.

2015

Abstract Premature stop codons are the result of nonsense mutations occurring within the coding sequence of a gene. These mutations lead to the synthesis of a truncated protein and are responsible for several genetic diseases. A potential pharmacological approach to treat these diseases is to promote the translational readthrough of premature stop codons by small molecules aiming to restore the full-length protein. The compound PTC124 (Ataluren) was reported to promote the readthrough of the premature UGA stop codon, although its activity was questioned. The potential interaction of PTC124 with mutated mRNA was recently suggested by molecular dynamics (MD) studies highlighting the importanc…

Cystic FibrosisNonsense mutationPeptide Chain Elongation TranslationalCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance RegulatorSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareMolecular Dynamics SimulationCFTR genechemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipPlasmidDrug DiscoveryTumor Cells CulturedCoding regionHumansGreen fluorescent proteinGenePharmacologyGeneticsMessenger RNAOxadiazolesNonsense mutationDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryTranslational readthroughSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaGeneral MedicinePTCs readthroughStop codonAtalurenSettore BIO/18 - GeneticachemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaCodon NonsenseCystic fibrosiMutationFluorinated oxadiazoleHeLa CellsEuropean journal of medicinal chemistry
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Bleomycin genotoxicity alteration by glutathione and cytochrome P-450 cellular content in respiratory proficient and deficient strains of Saccharomyc…

1999

The genotoxic effects of the antiblastic drug bleomycin were studied in the D7 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and on its derivative mitochondrial mutant rho degree at different cellular concentrations of two drug metabolizing systems, glutathione (GSH) and cytochrome P-450. Bleomycin mutagenic activity was evaluated as frequencies of mitotic gene conversion, reversion and total aberrations under different physiological conditions. In the D7 strain, petite mutant induction was also detected. This is important due to the role of the mitochondrial genome in cancer induction, ageing and degenerative diseases. Both strains showed higher convertant than revertant induction. At high cytochrome…

CytochromeHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMutantRespiratory chainCell Culture TechniquesSaccharomyces cerevisiaeToxicologymedicine.disease_causeBleomycinDNA Mitochondrialchemistry.chemical_compoundBleomycinOxygen ConsumptionCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemGeneticsmedicinePoint MutationGenetics (clinical)Chromosome AberrationsRecombination GeneticbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMutagenicity TestsCytochrome P450Glutathionebiology.organism_classificationGlutathioneBiochemistrychemistryMutagenesisbiology.proteinGenotoxicityMutagenesis
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Cytotoxic T cells with reciprocal antigenic peptide presentation function are not generally resistant to mutual lysis

2003

Cytotoxic T cells normally express major histocompatibility complex class I molecules, to which their T cell antigen receptors are restricted. Therefore, a single cytotoxic T cell can not only act as a cytolytic effector cell, but also as an antigen-presenting cell for other cytotoxic T cells of the same or a different clone. In the present paper, we used a murine cytotoxic T cell clone, 10BK.1, recognizing the ovalbumin-derived peptide OVA257-264 in combination with H-2Kb to investigate the consequences of reciprocal antigen presentation by these cytotoxic T cells. These cells proliferate after incubation with the relevant peptide in the absence of added accessory cells, indicating recipro…

Cytotoxicity ImmunologicCell SurvivalOvalbuminImmunologyAntigen presentationDose-Response Relationship ImmunologicBiologyLymphocyte ActivationMiceInterleukin 21AntigenAnimalsImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellAntigen-presenting cellAntigen PresentationLymphokine-activated killer cellAntibodies MonoclonalCell BiologyCytotoxicity Tests ImmunologicFlow CytometryNatural killer T cellMolecular biologyPeptide FragmentsClone CellsCell biologyInterleukin 12Interleukin-2T-Lymphocytes CytotoxicImmunology & Cell Biology
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Influenza virus-specific T cell-mediated cytotoxicity: integration of the virus antigen into the target cell membrane is essential for target cell fo…

1979

This study deals with the requirements for target cell recognition by influenza A virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). H-2-identical cells were incubated with infectious or UV light-inactivated influenza A virus expressing either cleaved or uncleaved hemagglutinin (HA). Thereafter, the treated cells were tested in a 4-h 51Cr assay for susceptibility to CTL-mediated cytolysis. Regardless whether the influenza virus was infectious, virions expressing cleaved HA were efficient in target cell formation. In contrast, cells incubated with either active or UV-inactivated virions expressing uncleaved HA were not lysed by virus-specific CTL. Yet, after mere trypsin-mediated cleavage of the …

Cytotoxicity ImmunologicvirusesT-LymphocytesImmunologyCellHemagglutinins ViralBiologymedicine.disease_causeVirusCell membraneStructure-Activity RelationshipViral ProteinsVirus antigenInfluenza A virusmedicineImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellAntigens ViralGlycoproteinsCell MembraneMolecular biologyCytolysismedicine.anatomical_structureInfluenza A virusAntigens SurfaceT cell mediated cytotoxicityEuropean journal of immunology
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