Search results for "rema"
showing 10 items of 911 documents
Long-term pertussis-specific immune responses to a combined diphtheria, tetanus, tricomponent acellular pertussis and hepatitis B vaccine in pre-term…
2002
Abstract Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titres against pertussis antigens, Bordetella pertussis-specific proliferation and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated at the age of 5–6 years in 13 children who had been pre-term infants with a gestational age (GA) of ≤31 weeks, 10 who had been pre-term infants with a GA of 32–37 weeks, and 15 who had been term infants with a GA of 38–42 weeks. All of the infants had been immunised with a combined diphtheria, tetanus, tricomponent acellular pertussis and hepatitis B vaccine (DTaP–HBV) at 3, 5, and 11 months of post-natal age. Our results show that the long-term immune responses induced by primary pertussi…
Drinking water disinfection by-products, genetic polymorphisms, and birth outcomes in a european mother-child cohort study
2016
Background: We examined the association between exposure during pregnancy to trihalomethanes, the most common water disinfection by-products, and birth outcomes in a European cohort study (Health Impacts of Long-Term Exposure to Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water). We took into account exposure through different water uses, measures of water toxicity, and genetic susceptibility. Methods: We enrolled 14,005 mothers (2002-2010) and their children from France, Greece, Lithuania, Spain, and the UK. Information on lifestyle-and water-related activities was recorded. We ascertained residential concentrations of trihalomethanes through regulatory records and ad hoc sampling campaigns and e…
Do emissions from landfill fires affect pregnancy outcomes? A retrospective study after arson at a solid waste facility in Sicily
2019
ObjectivesIn response to public health concern about effects of arson at solid waste management plants in July 2012, we analysed vital statistics data to evaluate any potential effect on pregnancies at different gestational ages of pollutants emitted from the landfill on fire.SettingA community living near the largest landfill plant in Sicily.ParticipantsThe study group comprised 551 births, live births and stillbirths from pregnancies of mothers residing in the extra-urban exposed area, conceived during a 40 week period during which the highest fire’s peak might have influenced pregnancy.Primary and secondary outcome measuresBirth outcomes (gestational age <37 and <32 weeks, low birt…
Does low to moderate environmental exposure to noise and air pollution influence preterm delivery in medium-sized cities?
2017
International audience; Background: Preterm birth (PB) is an important predictor of childhood morbidity and educational performance. Beyond the known risk factors, environmental factors, such as air pollution and noise, have been implicated in PB. In urban areas, these pollutants coexist. Very few studies have examined the effects of multi-exposure on the pregnancy duration. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between PB and environmental chronic multi-exposure to noise and air pollution in medium-sized cities.Methods: A case-control study was conducted among women living in the city of Besançon (121 671 inhabitants) or in the urban unit of Dijon (243 936 inhabitants…
Emotional expressiveness of 5–6 month-old infants born very premature versus full-term at initial exposure to weaning foods
2016
International audience; Facial expressions of 5-6 month-old infants born preterm and at term were compared while tasting for the first time solid foods (two fruit and two vegetable purees) given by the mother. Videotapes of facial reactions to these foods were objectively coded during the first six successive spoons of each test food using Baby FACS and subjectively rated by naive judges. Infant temperament was also assessed by the parents using the Infant Behaviour Questionnaire. Contrary to our expectations, infants born preterm expressed fewer negative emotions than infants born full-term. Naive judges rated infants born preterm as displaying more liking than their full-term counterparts…
Fasciola hepatica development in the experimentally infected black rat Rattus rattus
1998
The finding of natural infection of Rattus rattus by Fasciola hepatica on Corsica has stimulated further research into the role of the black rat in the epidemiology of fascioliasis. Corsican black rats were experimentally individually infected with 20 metacercariae from cattle and murine isolates obtained from naturally infected bovines and black rats. The following results were obtained: (a) in R. rattus infected with the cattle isolate, normal adult fluke development took place and infection persisted for a long period, with emission of eggs showing embryogenic capacity; (b) the development of F. hepatica adults paralleled the ontogenetic trajectories observed in other rodent-F. hepatica …
Fasciola hepatica : lithogenic capacity in experimentally infested rats and chemical determination of the main stone components
2000
A study was done of the possible association between the development of common bile-duct stones and the presence of worms in rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica. A total of 157 rats were individually infected with 20 metacercariae, and another 40 animals served as controls. The rats were dissected at 100, 200, 300, and 400 days postinfection (p.i.). A significant association was observed between the observation of stones and the presence of F. hepatica adults. The global frequency of bile-duct lithiasis in the parasitized rats was 22%, with a significantly lower incidence being observed in the younger group (100 days p.i.). Different analytical techniques were used to determ…
Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
2019
Synthesium elongatum (Brachycladiidae) is an intestinal digenean described from the finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) in Japan. Few records of this species exist and there is a remarkable morphological similarity between S. elongatum and S. tursionis, such that a synonymy between the species has been suggested previously. However, no morphological and/or molecular analysis has been carried out to clarify the taxonomic status of S. elongatum. In this study, we collected specimens of Synthesium sp. from N. asiaeorientalis in western Japan. The specimens possess lobed testes within the third quarter of the body, a round ovary, and vitellaria extending to level of uterine field,whi…
The effect of glycosylation of antigens on the antibody responses against Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae).
2014
SUMMARYIn the present study, we analyse the effect of glycosylation inEchinostoma caproni(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) antigens in antibody responses against the parasite in experimentally infected mice. It has been previously demonstrated that the mouse is a host of high compatibility withE. caproniand develops elevated responses of IgG, IgG1, IgG3 and IgM as a consequence of the infection, though the role of glycans in these responses remains unknown. To this purpose, the responses generated in mice against non-treated excretory/secretory antigens ofE. caproniwere compared with those observed after N-deglycosylation, O-deglycosylation and double deglycosylation of the antigens by indirect…
Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda): differential in vivo mucin expression and glycosylation in high- and low-compatible hosts.
2014
Enhanced mucus production and release appears to be a common mechanism for the clearance of intestinal helminths, and this expulsion is normally mediated by Th2-type immune responses. To investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths, we have analysed in vivo expression of mucin genes at the site of infection in two host species displaying different compatibility with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). Surprisingly, a general down-regulation on mucin mRNA expression was detected in low-compatible hosts (rats) coinciding with the development of Th2/Th17 responses and the early rejection of the worms from the intestinal lumen. This suggests the existence of a mechanis…