Search results for "respiratory function"
showing 10 items of 175 documents
Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances, immune-related outcomes, and lung function in children from a Spanish birth cohort study.
2019
Background: Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been associated with impaired immune and respiratory health during childhood but the evidence is inconsistent and limited for lung function. We studied the association between prenatal PFASs exposure and immune and respiratory health, including lung function, up to age 7 years in the Spanish INMA birth cohort study. Methods: We assessed four PFASs in maternal plasma samples collected during the 1st trimester of pregnancy (years: 2003-2008): perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA). Mothers reported the occurrence (yes/no) of lower respir…
Italian pediatric respiratory society recommendations on pediatric pulmonary function testing during COVID-19 pandemic
2020
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international concern caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2). Person-toperson transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs primarily through close contact with an infected person, mainly occurring via respiratory droplets and after touching contaminated objects. Accordingly, pulmonary function testing (PFT) could be considered at high-risk for viral transmission due to the potential for coughing and droplet formation during PFT procedures. The most likely surfaces for possible contamination by this route are mouthpieces, proximal valves, and tubing. Also, both technic…
Genome-wide association analysis identifies six new loci associated with forced vital capacity
2014
Forced vital capacity (FVC), a spirometric measure of pulmonary function, reflects lung volume and is used to diagnose and monitor lung diseases. We performed genome-wide association study meta-analysis of FVC in 52,253 individuals from 26 studies and followed up the top associations in 32,917 additional individuals of European ancestry. We found six new regions associated at genome-wide significance (P <5 x 10(-8)) with FVC in or near EFEMP1, BMP6, MIR129-2-HSD17B12, PRDM11, WWOX and KCNJ2. Two loci previously associated with spirometric measures (GSTCD and PTCH1) were related to FVC. Newly implicated regions were followed up in samples from African-American, Korean, Chinese and Hispani…
Determinants of dynamic inspiratory muscle strength in healthy trained elderly.
2021
Background: The S-Index assessed by means of electronic devices is a measure of Inspiratory Muscle Strength (IMS) that highly correlates with the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The variables involved when using regression models for the prediction of IMS/MIP depend on both the sample characteristics and the device or protocol used. In light of the scarce information on the influence of physical activity (PA) on IMS in healthy older adults (OA), together with the incorporation of new assessment devices, the objectives of this research are: 1) to determine which factors influence the IMS in a group of trained OA, using a portable electronic device; and 2) to propose a regression model to…
Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals
2020
The study of reduced respiratory muscle strengths in relation to the loss of muscular function associated with ageing is of great interest in the study of sarcopenia in older institutionalized individuals. The present study assesses the association between respiratory muscle parameters and skeletal mass content and strength, and analyzes associations with blood cell counts and biochemical parameters related to protein, lipid, glucose and ion profiles. A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed among patients institutionalized in nursing homes. The respiratory muscle function was evaluated by peak expiratory flow, maximal respiratory pressures and spirometry parameters, and skeletal m…
Physiotherapy Intervention for Preventing the Respiratory Muscle Deterioration in Institutionalized Older Women With Functional Impairment
2013
Abstract Introduction In elderly seniors (>80 years), respiratory function may be compromised when, in addition to the presence of comorbidity and loss of mobility, there is also reduced respiratory muscle (RM) strength. The literature has shown that RM training could be an effective method to improve RM function and prevent clinical deterioration, particularly in population with RM weakness. The main purpose of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of RM training on the respiratory muscle strength and endurance of institutionalized elderly women with functional impairment. Method Fifty-four residents (mean=85 years, SD=6.7) were randomly assigned to either a control (n=27) or training…
Relationship Between Patient-Reported Outcomes and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Morquio A Syndrome
2019
Abstract This cross-sectional analysis assessed the correlation between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and clinical outcomes in 24 German patients with Morquio A. Clinical outcomes included 6-minute walk test (6MWT), 3-minute stair climb (3MSC) test, and joint range of motion as measures for endurance/mobility, forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) as measures for respiratory function, and height as an important manifestation. The PROs included the EuroQoL (EQ) 5D-5L (EQ5D-5L), to measure health-related QoL (HRQoL), and patients’ rating of their ability to walk, climb, or breathe. In adults, endurance and pulmonary function measures and height showed strong a…
Effects of vitamin A deficiency on mitochondrial function in rat liver and heart.
2000
The aim of this study was to investigate comparative effects of vitamin A deficiency on respiratory activity and structural integrity in liver and heart mitochondria. Male rats were fed a liquid control diet (control rats) or a liquid vitamin A-deficient diet (vitamin A-deficient rats) for 50 days. One group of vitamin-A deficient rats was refed a control diet for 15 days (vitamin A-recovered rats). To assess the respiratory function of mitochondria the contents of coenzyme Q (ubiquinone, CoQ), cytochrome c and the activities of the whole electron transport chain and of each of its respiratory complexes were evaluated. Chronic vitamin A deficiency promoted a significant increase in the endo…
Clinical Changes of Respiratory Parameters in Institutionalized Older Adults after a Physiotherapy Program Combining Respiratory and Musculoskeletal …
2022
Nowadays pulmonary diseases are an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality. Diaphragmatic breathing is a controlled-breathing technique that aims to optimize thoracoabdominal movements. The aim of this study was to apply a respiratory and musculoskeletal physiotherapy program in institutionalized older adults and to assess the effects on their pulmonary function tests and oxygen saturation. A randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted with thirty institutionalized older adults, randomly assigned to a control group (CG), who conducted musculoskeletal exercises; or an experimental group (EG) who, in addition, carried out diaphragmatic breathing, administered for eigh…
Increased airway inflammatory cells in endurance athletes: what do they mean?
2003
Background Inflammatory cells are increased in the airways of end urance athletes, but their role in causing exercise-induced respiratory symptoms and bronchoconstriction, or their possible long-term consequences, are uncertain. Aim To put the results of athlete studies in perspective, by analysing the pathogenesis of airway cell changes and their impact on respiratory function. Results Athletes of different endurance sports at rest showed increased airway neutrophils. Elite swimmers and skiers also showed large increases in airway eosinophils and lymphocytes, possibly related to chronic, exercise-related exposure to irritants or cold and dry air, respectively. Post-exercise studies reporte…