Search results for "respiratory tract diseases"
showing 10 items of 1015 documents
Age is associated with asthma phenotypes
2017
Background and objective The relationship between age and asthma phenotypes is important as population is ageing, asthma is becoming common in older ages and recently developed treatments for asthma are guided by phenotypes. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether age is associated with specific asthma phenotypes. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. We included subjects with asthma of varied degrees of severity. Subjects underwent spirometry, skin prick test to aeroallergens, answered the Asthma Control Questionnaire and had blood samples collected. We performed binary logistic regression analysis to evaluate whether age is associated with asthma phenotypes. Results We enrolled 86…
Maximal Response Plateau to Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate in Asthma
2009
Background No information is available on the plateau in response to adenosine 5′-monophosphate. The aims of the present study were to determine whether plateau can be detected with AMP and the relation with the plateau in response to methacholine, and to identify the relation between the plateau and indirect markers of airway inflammation, such as exhaled nitric oxide (ENO) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH. Methods Airway responsiveness to high concentrations of methacholine and AMP, ENO levels, and EBC pH values were obtained in 31 subjects with well-controlled asthma. Concentration-response curves were characterized by their concentration of agonist that produces a decrease in FEV …
Aclidinium inhibits cigarette smoke-induced lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition.
2012
Cigarette smoking contributes to lung remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As part of this remodelling, peribronchiolar fibrosis is observed in the small airways of COPD patients and contributes to airway obstruction. Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition is a key step in peribronchiolar fibrosis formation. This in vitro study examined the effect of cigarette smoke on bronchial fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, and whether aclidinium bromide inhibits this process. Human bronchial fibroblasts were incubated with aclidinium bromide (10 −9 –10 −7 M) and exposed to cigarette smoke extract. Collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression were measured …
P191 QVA149 once daily improves exercise tolerance and lung function in patients with moderate to severe COPD: the BRIGHT study: Abstract P191 Table 1
2012
Introduction QVA149 is a novel once-daily fixed-dose combination of the long-acting β 2 -agonist indacaterol and the long-acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrronium (NVA237) in development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The BRIGHT study evaluated the effects of QVA149 versus placebo and tiotropium on exercise tolerance and lung function in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Methods In a double-blind, double-dummy, 3-period crossover study, patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were randomised to QVA149 110/50 µg, placebo or tiotropium 18 µg once daily for 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was exercise endurance time for QVA149 versus placebo during a sub…
Decrease in blood pressure during continuous positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea: still searching for predictive factors
2019
High blood pressure (BP) and non-dipping 24-hour BP profile may help to predict BP decrease after obstructive sleep apnoea treatment by CPAP. However, specific, highly reproducible traits associated with BP responsiveness to CPAP must still be identified.http://bit.ly/2LbS4uV
Moving osimertinib to first-line: the right “strategy” in the chessboard of epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer?
2018
In the N Engl J Med , Soria and colleagues have recently reported the results of the phase III randomized FLAURA trial (1), comparing osimertinib with first generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) gefitinib or erlotinib in treatment-naive patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and activating EGFR -mutations.
Bodyplethysmographischer Wirkeintritt von Formoterol bei Patienten mit mittel- bis schwergradiger partiell reversibler Atemwegsobstruktion
2002
BACKGROUND Formoterol is a long acting beta2-agonist used for the treatment of obstructive airway diseases. Compared with Salmeterol, Formoterol has a rapid onset of bronchodilation. There are only scant data regarding the comparative onset of action using bodyplethysmography in moderate to severely obstructive patients. METHODS In a mono-center, single-blinded parallel group study 60 patients (age: 61.9 +/- 12.8 years, 65 % male) with moderate to severe (mean FEV(1) 40.6 +/- 15.3 % of predicted), partially reversible (FEV(1) post bronchodilator > 15 % from baseline) airway obstruction were treated with either formoterol 12 microg bid or salmeterol 50 microg bid over a period of two weeks. …
Sleep Apnea and the Kidney
2020
Abstract Purpose of Review There are some uncertainties about the interactions between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We critically reviewed recent studies on this topic with a focus on experimental and clinical evidence of bidirectional influences between OSA and CKD, as well as the effects of treatment of either disease. Recent Findings Experimental intermittent hypoxia endangers the kidneys, possibly through activation of inflammatory pathways and increased blood pressure. In humans, severe OSA can independently decrease kidney function. Treatment of OSA by CPAP tends to blunt kidney function decline over time, although its effect may vary. OSA may increa…
Asthma in the elderly: a different disease?
2016
Key points Asthma in the elderly can be difficult to identify due to modifications of its clinical features and functional characteristics. Several comorbidities are associated with asthma in the elderly, and this association differs from that observed in younger patients. In clinical practice, physicians should treat comorbidities that are correlated with asthma (i.e. rhinitis or gastro-oesophageal reflux), assess comorbidities that may influence asthma outcomes (i.e. depression or cognitive impairment) and try to prevent comorbidities related to ‘drug-associated side-effects (i.e. cataracts, arrhythmias or osteoporosis). “Geriatric asthma” should be the preferred term because it implies …
Dynamic hyperinflation during the 6-min walk test in severely asthmatic subjects
2018
We tested the hypothesis that dynamic hyperinflation develops in severe asthmatic subjects during exercise. Changes in inspiratory capacity (IC) were measured during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) in severe asthmatic subjects compared with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects with a similar degree of bronchial obstruction. We assessed whether changes in IC were associated with changes in dyspnoea perception. 27 severe asthmatic subjects (10 males and 17 females) and 43 COPD subjects (35 males and eight females) were recruited. The two groups performed similarly in the 6MWT (p=0.90). At the end of the test, the Borg score increased significantly in both groups (mean difference: …