Search results for "respiratory tract diseases"
showing 10 items of 1015 documents
Airway obstruction in relation to symptoms in chronic respiratory disease—a nationally representative population study
2000
Abstract We examined the severity of airway obstruction and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in a large, nationally representative population sample and in a subgroup of subjects with chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema to obtain information for developing national prevention and treatment strategies for these diseases. The study population comprised of 7217 randomly selected subjects (aged 30 years and older) who participated in a comprehensive health examination survey. The ‘cases' were subjects diagnosed as having chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. The survey methods comprised of questionnaires, interviews, physical measurements, including spirometry, and clinical examinations. I…
Subclinical impairment of lung function is related to mild cardiac dysfunction and manifest heart failure in the general population.
2016
Lung function impairment has previously been related to heart failure, although no overt cardiovascular or structural heart disease is present. The extent to which pulmonary function is related to subclinical left ventricular impairment in the general population remains to be investigated.15010 individuals from the general population (mean age 55±11years, 50.5% men) in the Gutenberg Health Study underwent spirometry, transthoracic echocardiography and biomarker measurement. Forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in percent of the predicted value and FEV1/FVC ratio were associated with echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure, systolic and diastolic func…
[Evolution over time in over perceivers of dyspnea in asthma].
2006
OBJECTIVE: In previous studies we identified a subgroup of patients whose perception of breathlessness was exaggerated during acute bronchoconstriction and who were termed “over perceivers” or “hyperperceivers.” In this study we aimed to determine whether such over perception is sporadic or stable over time. We also examined whether there is an association between over perception of dyspnea and hyperventilation syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects were 22 stable asthmatics (11 men, 11 women) who had been over perceivers of dyspnea in a study 9 years earlier. After a medical history was taken, a patient performed forced spirometry and a severity classification was made according to t…
[Perception of dyspnea and treatment adherence in asthmatic patients].
2008
OBJECTIVE: The majority of studies show that treatment adherence in chronic diseases such as asthma does not exceed 50%. Although the reasons may vary, it is clear that lack of treatment adherence is a determining factor in poor disease control. An association has also been observed between lack of perception of dyspnea and difficult-to-control asthma and with the occurrence of fatal or near-fatal asthma attacks. In this study we therefore attempted to demonstrate that one of the reasons that asthmatic patients do not adhere to treatment is a failure to perceive dyspnea associated with bronchial obstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed 2 groups of patients with moderate persistent ast…
FEV1 and FVC predict all-cause mortality independent of cardiac function - Results from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study.
2017
Abstract Background Lung function has previously been related to increased mortality. Whether pulmonary impairment is associated with an increased mortality independent of cardiac dysfunction remains unclear. Methods In 15010 individuals from the general population (age range 35–74years, 51% men) in the Gutenberg Health Study we performed spirometry and transthoracic echocardiography. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) and high-sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) were measured in all individuals. 1819 individuals with pulmonary diseases were excluded from further analysis. Results The median for forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) was 94.2% and for forced vital capacity (FVC) …
The Effect of Tiotropium in Symptomatic Asthma Despite Low- to Medium-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroids: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
2014
BackgroundTiotropium, a once-daily long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with asthma who were symptomatic despite treatment with medium- to high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily tiotropium Respimat (5 μg or 2.5 μg), compared with placebo Respimat, as add-on therapy to low- to medium-dose ICS for adults with symptomatic asthma.MethodsA phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted (NCT01316380). Adults with symptomatic asthma receiving low- to medium-dose ICS (200-400 μg budesonide or equivalent dose) and a pre-bronchodilator forced expira…
Association between nasal and bronchial resistance in patients with COPD
2018
Background: During the past decade, various studies have documented the presence of sinonasal inflammation in lower airways diseases. The influence of airways inflammation on nasal airways patency was demonstrated in asthmatic patients; however, such association was not confirmed in patients with COPD. Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the relationship between nasal resistance and lower airways patency in COPD patients and healthy controls. Material and Methods: 4-Phase-Rhinomanometry and spirometry were performed on COPD patients (n=26) and in the corresponding age control group (n=15). To compare the effective nasal resistance in inspiration, expiration and total breathing (Ref…
Small airway disease (SAD) is associated with respiratory symptoms and relevant for therapy in early COPD
2020
Background: SAD is common in patients with COPD. Occurring early in the course of the disease, it is frequently missed by currently used diagnostic tests. Multiple breath washout (MBW) testing detects ventilation heterogeneity (VH) while oscillometry (OS) assesses peripheral obstruction, both associated with SAD. We therefore set out to evaluate the presence and symptoms of SAD in patients with early COPD. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 26 patients (FEV1 77±19% pred., 88% GOLD I/II). In an 8-week cross-over design, the effect of dual bronchodilatation (tiotropium/olodaterol, T/O) on lung function and symptoms (CAT) was compared to monotherapy (formoterol). Lung function was assessed by…
The airway response to deep inspirations decreases with COPD severity and is associated with airway distensibility assessed by computed tomography.
2008
In patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the effect of deep inspirations (DIs) to reverse methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction is largely attenuated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the effectiveness of DI is reduced with increasing disease severity and that this is associated with a reduction in the ability of DI to distend the airways. Fifteen subjects [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I–II: n = 7; GOLD stage III–IV: n = 8] underwent methacholine bronchoprovocation in the absence of DI, followed by DI. The effectiveness of DI was assessed by their ability to improve inspiratory vital capacity and forced expira…
Genome-wide association analysis identifies six new loci associated with forced vital capacity
2014
Forced vital capacity (FVC), a spirometric measure of pulmonary function, reflects lung volume and is used to diagnose and monitor lung diseases. We performed genome-wide association study meta-analysis of FVC in 52,253 individuals from 26 studies and followed up the top associations in 32,917 additional individuals of European ancestry. We found six new regions associated at genome-wide significance (P <5 x 10(-8)) with FVC in or near EFEMP1, BMP6, MIR129-2-HSD17B12, PRDM11, WWOX and KCNJ2. Two loci previously associated with spirometric measures (GSTCD and PTCH1) were related to FVC. Newly implicated regions were followed up in samples from African-American, Korean, Chinese and Hispani…