Search results for "respiratory tract"
showing 10 items of 1170 documents
Evaluation of radon levels in indoor gymnasia of palermo (Sicily) and Sassari (Sardinia)
2012
<p><strong>Background</strong>: In the last decades, there has been increased worldwide interest in the management of health risks from indoor radon.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: From 2006 to 2008, a survey on air radon levels was carried out in a total of 57 indoor gymnasia respectively located in the urban area of Palermo (Sicily) and Sassari (Sardinia).</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: The indoor radon levels were generally low with different geometric means in the two geographic areas (14.3 Bq/m3 in Palermo and 36 Bq/m3 in Sassari, respectively). Overall, in both groups increasing values of radon were found during the n…
Exposure to nitrogen dioxide and respiratory health at 2 years in the INMA-Valencia cohort
2018
Resumen Objetivo Analizar la relación entre la exposición a dióxido de nitrógeno (NO2) en las etapas prenatal y posnatal y la incidencia de problemas respiratorios en niños/as hasta los 2 años de edad. Método La población consistió en 624 niños/as de la cohorte INMA-Valencia. Se estimó la exposición individual al NO2 en el exterior de la vivienda durante el periodo prenatal y hasta los 2 años de edad, a partir de la combinación de datos empíricos y el desarrollo de métodos geoestadísticos. Se aplicó un cuestionario para obtener la información sobre los síntomas respiratorios a los 2 años. La asociación entre la exposición al NO2 y los eventos respiratorios se realizó mediante regresión logí…
Barrier properties of chitosan coated polyethylene
2012
The transfer properties of chitosan coated polyethylene (PE) films were studied. The barrier properties of non coated PE were not affected by relative humidity changes. The presence of the hydrophilic chitosan layer acted as a water reservoir on the polyethylene film surface which significantly promoted its sensitivity to the water vapour. The water vapour permeability increased 1.85 times at a higher RH. Coated PE films showed more than two-order decrease in the oxygen permeability (PO2) and three-order-decrease in the carbon dioxide permeability (PCO2). When the chitosan coated PE surface was exposed to the water vapour, the PO2 and the PCO2 were significantly increased. However, the perm…
Adsorption and desorption surface dynamics of gaseous adsorbate on silicate-1 by molecular dynamics simulation
2013
The dynamics of adsorption and desorption of gaseous molecules on the external surface of a crystal and a membrane of zeolite silicate-1 is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The gases ...
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2021
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among patients admitted to an intensive care unit with COVID-19 and mortality of those who developed VAP. We performed a systematic search on PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science from inception to 2nd March 2021 for nonrandomized studies specifically addressing VAP in adult patients with COVID-19 and reporting data on at least one primary outcome of interest. Random effect single-arm meta-analysis was performed for the occurrence of VAP and mortality (at the longest follow up) and ICU length of stay. Twenty studies were included in the systematic review and meta-an…
Sensitivity of transatlantic dust transport to chemical aging and related atmospheric processes
2017
We present a sensitivity study on transatlantic dust transport, a process which has many implications for the atmosphere, the ocean and the climate. We investigate the impact of key processes that control the dust outflow, i.e., the emission flux, convection schemes and the chemical aging of mineral dust, by using the EMAC model following Abdelkader et al. (2015). To characterize the dust outflow over the Atlantic Ocean, we distinguish two geographic zones: (i) dust interactions within the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), or the dust–ITCZ interaction zone (DIZ), and (ii) the adjacent dust transport over the Atlantic Ocean (DTA) zone. In the latter zone, the dust loading shows a steep …
Lung penetration and patient adherence considerations in the management of asthma: role of extra fine formulations
2013
Nicola Scichilone, Mario Spatafora, Salvatore Battaglia, Rita Arrigo, Alida Benfante, Vincenzo BelliaDipartimento di Biomedicina e Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sezione di Pneumologia, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyAbstract: The mainstay of management in asthma is inhalation therapy at the target site, with direct delivery of the aerosolized drug into the airways to treat inflammation and relieve obstruction. Abundant evidence is available to support the concept that inflammatory and functional changes at the level of the most peripheral airways strongly contribute to the complexity and heterogeneous manifestations of asthma. It is now largely accepted that there is a wide range …
Mucins as a New Frontier in Pulmonary Fibrosis
2019
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pulmonary disease with a median survival of 3–5 years after diagnosis. Recent evidence identifies mucins as key effectors in cell growth and tissue remodeling processes compatible with the processes observed in IPF. Mucins are classified in two groups depending on whether they are secreted (secreted mucins) or tethered to cell membranes (transmembrane mucins). Secreted mucins (MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6-8 and MUC19) are released to the extracellular medium and recent evidence has shown that a promoter polymorphism in the secreted mucin MUC5B is associated with IPF risk. Otherwise, transmembrane mucins (MUC1, MUC3,…
ANTERIOR PALATOPLASTY: EFFECTIVENESS FOR TREATMENT OF SIMPLE SNORING AND MILD OSAS
2017
Positive airway pressure is the treatment of choice among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients. Among surgical options, multilevel approach is a good option in patients with an involvement of all tract of first airway. The aim of the present work is to establish the efficacy of anterior palatoplasty in the treatment of selected patients with mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome or simple snoring, within a multilevel surgery. The group was composed of 16 mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome adult patients collected from January 2015 to June 2016 at University of Palermo, Ear, Nose and Throat Department. To make diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, we employed polysomnography…
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OBSTRUCTIVE APNEA SYNDROME DURING SLEEP AND DAMAGES TO ANTERIOR LABYRINTH: OUR EXPERIENCE.
2019
The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a chronic condition characterized by frequent episodes of collapse of the upper airways during sleep. It can be considered a multisystem disease. Among the districts involved, even the auditory system was seen to be concerned. It was enrolled a population of 20 patients after polysomnographic diagnosis of OSAS (Apnea Hypopnea Index > 10) and a control group of 28 healthy persons (Apnea Hypopnea Index < 5). Each patient has been subjected to Pure Tone Audiometry, Tympanometry, study of Acoustic Reflex, Otoacoustic Emissions and Auditory Brainstem Response. Moreover they were submitted to endoscopy of upper airway with Muller Maneuver and Epworth Sleepi…