Search results for "respiratory tract"

<p>Efficacy and safety of tiotropium + olodaterol maintenance treatment in patients with COPD in the TONADO<sup>®</sup> and…

2016

BACKGROUND Increasing age is associated with poor prognosis in patients with COPD. OBJECTIVE This analysis from the replicate Phase III OTEMTO® and TONADO® studies examined the efficacy and safety of tiotropium, a long-acting anticholinergic, combined with olodaterol, a long-acting β2-agonist, compared to monotherapies and placebo in patients with COPD aged 40 years to <65 years, 65 years to <75 years, 75 years to <85 years, and ≥85 years. METHODS In these double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, multicenter, randomized studies, patients received tiotropium + olodaterol 2.5/5 μg or 5/5 μg, tiotropium 5 μg or 2.5 μg (TONADO only), olodaterol 5 μg (TONADO only), or placebo (OTEMTO onl…

Hypoxemia during Sleep

1988

In most normal subjects arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) remains substantially stable throughout all sleep time: some exceptions however, may be observed especially in elderly subjects, who may show desaturations, sometimes associated with apneas (Block et al., 1979; Krieger et al., 1983; Catterall et al., 1985). Conversely, SaO2 drops during part of, or even the whole sleep time, are a common finding in pathological conditions like obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Arterial stiffness in obese CPAP-treated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): A seven years prospective longitudinal study

2017

Introduction: Arterial stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is elevated in severe OSA. A 1m/s increase in PWV is associated with a 15% increased risk of mortality. There is a paucity of data regarding long term evolution of PWV in CPAP-treated OSA. Aims: To measure PWV evolution in CPAP-treated OSA. Methods: In a prospective obese OSA cohort, we collected PWV, clinical and biological metabolic data, incident cardiovascular events and CPAP adherence at time of diagnosis and after at least 5-year follow-up. Results: 72 OSA (men: 52.8%, median age: 55.8 years and median BMI of 38.5 kg/m2) with a high prevalence of hypertension: 58.3%, Type 2 diabetes: 20.8%, hypercho…

How Can We Assess the Perception of Induced Dyspnea in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

2004

Objective TO evaluate various methods for studying the perception of dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using a new parameter, the change in Borg scale rating, and others already in use: the linear regression slope and the application of Stevens' law to the response-perception curve-ie change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ΔFEV 1 )-change in dyspnea (Adyspnea). Patients and method A bronchial challenge test was performed on 70 patients with stable COPD and no contraindications for performing the test (European Respiratory Society criteria), during which dyspnea was measured (Borg scale) after each nebulization. Perception was analyzed using: a ) the linear reg…

Sleep Apnea: New Insights

2004

Sleep apnea is the most common disorder of breathing during sleep. It is defined as repeated episodes of obstructive apnea and hypopnea during sleep, together with daytime sleepiness or altered cardiopulmonary function [1]. There are three syndromes of upper airway closure during sleep: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obstructive sleep hypopnea, and upper airway resistance. These three syndromes share two features: excessive daytime sleepiness and arousal associated with increased ventilatory effort in response to upper airway closure. The specific sites of narrowing or closure and upper airway dysfunction are influenced by the underlying neuromuscular tone, upper airway muscle synchrony, an…

Breathprinting in childhood asthma

2018

The two major challenges facing researchers and clinicians in finding an objective test for asthma are: (i) there is no clear gold standard test, and (ii) there is no current method to accurately measure both the airway obstruction and the airway inflammatory components of asthma. Looking forward, we need to re-evaluate our understanding of existing tests to see how to bridge the gap between “test” and “treatment,” and explore new methodologies, especially for detecting airway inflammation. The development and validation of noninvasive biomarkers for asthma diagnosis and treatment is an expanding field of research. In this context, breathomics is considered particularly appealing in view of…

Hyperlipidemia Prevalence and Cholesterol Control in OSA: Data from European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA)

2019

European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) International Congress -- SEP 28-OCT 02, 2019 -- Madrid, SPAIN

2020

There is evidence that intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) increases the risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, data regarding the impact of PPI intake on occurrence of infections other than SBP are still lacking.We hypothesized that PPI use is associated with a higher rate of infections other than SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis.The current case-control study sample included patients with liver cirrhosis from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA), which compiles data such as risk factors, drug prescriptions and diagnoses obtained from general practitioners and specialists in Germany. In total, 2,823 patients with infections were …

Amygdala response to anticipation of dyspnea is modulated by 5-HTTLPRgenotype

2015

Dyspnea anticipation and perception varies largely between individuals. To investigate whether genetic factors related to negative affect such as the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism impact this variability, we investigated healthy, 5-HTTLPR stratified volunteers using resistive load induced dyspnea together with fMRI. Alternating blocks of severe and mild dyspnea ("perception") were differentially cued ("anticipation") and followed by intensity and unpleasantness ratings. In addition, volunteers indicated their anticipatory fear during the anticipation periods. There were no genotype-based group differences concerning dyspnea intensity and unpleasantness or brain activation during perception of sever…

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load, IFNλ Polymorphisms and the Course of COVID-19: An Observational Study

2020

The course of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic to a multiorgan disease. In this observational study, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects with defined outcomes, evaluating the relationship between viral load and single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes codifying for IFN&lambda