Search results for "response"
showing 10 items of 4136 documents
PPHD: a platform for phenotyping broadband
2012
National audience
Les sols et la résistance aux antibiotiques
2018
National audience; Les sols renferment des communautés de microorganismes très diversifiées et très abondantes (jusqu’à 1010 bactéries par gramme de sol). La production d’antibiotiques et la résistance aux antibiotiques est un des mécanismes d’interaction entre microorganismes des sols. L’antibiose par production d’antibiotique est un mécanisme très ancien utilisé par les bactéries et les champignons pour limiter le développement de bactéries compétitrices. Les sols sont donc un réservoir potentiel de bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques (BRA) et de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques (GRA). Ce pool de gènes de résistance des sols est appelé le résistome des sols, il constitue un réser…
Survie et devenir des bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques dans le sol et les systèmes de culture
2018
National audience; Les sols abritent des communautés de microorganismes extrêmement diversifiées et très abondantes (jusqu’à 1010 bactéries par gramme de sol). La production d’antibiotiques et la résistance aux antibiotiques est un des mécanismes d’interaction entre microorganismes de l’environnement et des sols en particulier. L’antibiose par production d’antibiotique est un mécanisme très ancien utilisé par les bactéries et les champignons pour limiter le développement de bactéries compétitrices. Les sols sont donc un réservoir potentiel de bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques (BRA) et de gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques (GRA). Ce pool de gènes de résistance des sols est appelé le…
Nuclear protein acetylation in the control of plant defense responses: role of type-2 histone deacetylases
2015
Signalisation moléculaire des réponses immunes chez la plante Medicago truncatula - Rôle de la nutrition
2014
Rapport de stage de Master II R SPE IPM CT1; Master
Interaction between Medicago truncatula and the pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches: effects of nitrogen nutrition and plant genotype
2015
Plants are under the constant threat of microbial pathogens. To defend themselves, plants have developed immune responses (including for example synthesis of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, production of PR proteins or reinforcement of cell wall) that can lead to resistance. However, these plant defense responses are costly and lead plants to continuously face a dilemma regarding the partitioning of their available resources. In order to better understand relationships between plant nutrition and defense, we analyzed the impact of nitrogen (N) nutrition on the capacity of different M. truncatula genotypes to resist against A. euteiches, the causal agent of legume root rot disease. N st…
Dual mode of action of grape cane extracts against Botrytis cinerea
2019
International audience; Crude extracts of Vitis vinifera canes represent a natural source of stilbene compounds with well characterized antifungals properties. In our trials, exogenous application of a stilbene extract (SE) obtained from grape canes on grapevine leaves reduces the necrotic lesions caused by Botrytis cinerea. The SE showed to possess a direct antifungal activity by inhibiting the mycelium growth. The activation of some grapevine defense mechanism was also investigated. H2O2 production and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation cascades as well as accumulation of stilbenoid phytoalexins were explored on grapevine cell suspension. Moreover, the t…
Basic processes in interference paradigms
2021
The aim of the present thesis is to investigate the source of Stroop (interference) effects in weak bilinguals (Experiment 1) and in early language learning (Experiment 2-6). Participants performed a bilingual colour-word Stroop task with intermixed first language (L1) and second language (L2) words. The typical finding from the Stroop literature is slower and less accurate responding when the word and colour are incongruent (e.g., “red” in blue) relative to congruent (e.g., “red” in red). Interestingly, this congruency effect occurs for the colour words from both L1 and L2. What produces this congruency effect? That is, what is the source of the conflict produced by incongruent colour word…
A multiple-response chi-square framework for the analysis of Free-Comment and Check-All-That-Apply data
2021
International audience; Free-Comment (FC) and Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) provide a contingency table containing citation counts of descriptors by products. The analyses performed on this table are most often related to the chi-square statistic. However, such practices are not well suited because they consider experimental units as being the citations (one descriptor for one product by one subject) while the evaluations (vector of citations for one product by one subject) should be considered instead. This results in incorrect expected frequencies under the null hypothesis of independence between products and descriptors and thus in an incorrect chi-square statistic. Thus, analyses related …
Depth-of-Field of the Accommodating Eye
2014
Our eyes project information from a three-dimensional world to a basically two-dimensional surface, corresponding to the photoreceptor plane in the retina. In theory, only one plane or surface of world can be in focus at one time. However, the eye exhibits a certain tolerance to out-of-focus images, a feature that is known as depth-of-focus (DOF). The corresponding distance range in which the objects are seen “clearly” is known as depth-of-field (DOFi). Although DOF and DOFi refer to an interval of distances or a dioptric range in the image and object space, respectively, both parameters define a similar concept and are usually interchangeable. This article will mainly refer to DOFi because…