Search results for "reverse transcriptase"
showing 10 items of 715 documents
Apremilast, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, regulates inflammation through multiple cAMP downstream effectors
2015
Introduction This work was undertaken to delineate intracellular signaling pathways for the PDE4 inhibitor apremilast and to examine interactions between apremilast, methotrexate and adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR). Methods After apremilast and LPS incubation, intracellular cAMP, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6 and IL-1α were measured in the Raw264.7 monocytic murine cell line. PKA, Epac1/2 (signaling intermediates for cAMP) and A2AR knockdowns were performed by shRNA transfection and interactions with A2AR and A2BR, as well as with methotrexate were tested in vitro and in the murine air pouch model. Statistical differences were determined using one or two-way ANOVA or Student’s t test. The alpha nominal…
Soft tissue Ewing sarcoma--peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor with atypical clear cell pattern shows a new type of EWS-FEV fusion transcript.
2000
This study describes a new case of Ewing sarcoma (ES)-peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) with unusual phenotype and fusion gene structure. The tumor located in the inguinal area of a 15-year-old boy showed a highly aggressive behavior with hematogenous metastases after intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant, causing death 28 months after diagnosis. The tumor displayed a clear cell pattern, and several neuroectodermal markers proved positive both in the original tumor and in xenografts. This neuroectodermal character was confirmed by electron microscopy. Moreover, cytogenetically the tumor has an unusual chromosomal rearrangement, t(2;22)(q13;q22,t(3;18)(p21;q23); …
Cellular expression of connexins in the rat brain: neuronal localization, effects of kainate-induced seizures and expression in apoptotic neuronal ce…
2003
The identification of connexins (Cxs) expressed in neuronal cells represents a crucial step for understanding the direct communication between neurons and between neuron and glia. In the present work, using a double-labelling method combining in situ hybridization for Cx mRNAs with immunohistochemical detection for neuronal markers, we provide evidence that, among cerebral connexins (Cx26, Cx32, Cx36, Cx37, Cx40, Cx43, Cx45 and Cx47), only Cx45 and Cx36 mRNAs are localized in neuronal cells in both developing and adult rat brain. In order to establish whether connexin expression is influenced in vivo by abnormal neuronal activity, we examined the short-term effects of kainate-induced seizur…
Functional evidence of multidrug resistance transporters (MDR) in rodent olfactory epithelium.
2012
WOS: 000305340700029; International audience; BACKGROUND: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) are membrane transporter proteins which function as efflux pumps at cell membranes and are considered to exert a protective function against the entry of xenobiotics. While evidence for Pgp and MRP transporter activity is reported for olfactory tissue, their possible interaction and participation in the olfactory response has not been investigated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Functional activity of putative MDR transporters was assessed by means of the fluorometric calcein acetoxymethyl ester (calcein-AM) accumulation assay on acute rat and mouse olfactory tissue slices.…
Dietary soy isoflavone induced increases in antioxidant and eNOS gene expression lead to improved endothelial function and reduced blood pressure in …
2005
Epidemiological evidence suggests that populations consuming large amounts of soy protein have a reduced incidence of coronary heart disease (1-5). The cardiovascular risks associated with conventional hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women (5-7) have precipitated a search for alternative estrogen receptor modulators. Here we report that long-term feeding of rats with a soy protein-rich (SP) diet during gestation and adult life results in decreased oxidative stress, improved endothelial function, and reduced blood pressure in vivo measured by radiotelemetry in aged male offspring. Improved vascular reactivity in animals fed an SP diet was paralleled by increased mitochondrial g…
Cell-Free Circulating Plasma hTERT mRNA Is a Useful Marker for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Is Associated with Poor Prognosis Tumor Characteristics
2012
BackgroundSerum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used marker for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). It lacks specificity and predictive value, resulting in inaccurate diagnoses and overtreatment of the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for PCa and its association with clinicopathological parameters of tumors.Principal findingsPlasma hTERT mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR in 105 consecutive patients with elevated PSA levels and in 68 healthy volunteers. The diagnostic accuracy, the efficacy as a prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence and the associ…
Vitamin E activates CRABP-II gene expression in cultured human fibroblasts, role of protein kinase C
2004
The treatment of human fibroblasts with different tocopherols in the presence of retinol caused an increase in cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP-II) mRNA and protein. The possibility of an involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in the response to tocopherols was supported by the results obtained with the PKC-specific inhibitors, calphostin C and bisindolylmaleimide I. The effect of alpha-tocopherol was prevented by okadaic acid, suggesting that a protein phosphatase is responsible for PKC dephosphorylation produced by the presence of tocopherols. The results shown support the hypothesis that phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of RXRalpha via PKC may be involved in the regula…
Identification and characterization of PlAlix, the Alix homologue from the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus.
2013
The sea urchin provides a relatively simple and tractable system for analyzing the early stages of embryo development. Here, we use the sea urchin species, Paracentrotus lividus, to investigate the role of Alix in key stages of embryogenesis, namely the egg fertilization and the first cleavage division. Alix is a multifunctional protein involved in different cellular processes including endocytic membrane trafficking, filamentous (F)-actin remodeling, and cytokinesis. Alix homologues have been identified in different metazoans; in these organisms, Alix is involved in oogenesis and in determination/differentiation events during embryo development. Herein, we describe the identification of th…
Effect of autologous blood transfusion on cerebral cytokine expression.
2011
BACKGROUND: Autologous blood transfusion (ABT), for example, by means of cell saver equipment, is used to reduce the need for allogenic blood transfusion in patients with high perioperative blood loss. This study investigated the effect of blood/extracorporal surface interaction during withdrawal and retransfusion of shed autologous blood on cerebral inflammation in rats. Rats subjected to hypotension with cerebral ischemia served as positive controls. METHODS: Eighty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with sevoflurane, instrumented, and randomly assigned to the following groups: sham-operation (SHAM), autologous blood withdrawal/transfusion only (ABT), or bilateral carotid ar…
Establishment and Characterization of an Angiosarcoma-Derived Cell Line, AS-M
2004
A novel human endothelial cell line, AS-M, has been established from a cutaneous angiosarcoma on the scalp. The cells expressing platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) were isolated using magnetic beads and subsequently cultured for a year. To date, the cells have undergone more than 100 population doublings (PDs). The AS-M cells manifested endothelial characteristics, such as active uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl 3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil-Ac-LDL), capacity to bind the Ulex europeaus agglutin-I (UEA-I), and expression of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD31. The single cell-derived clone, AS-M.5, showed a…