Search results for "rex"
showing 10 items of 701 documents
Impairing the largest and most productive forest on our planet: how do human activities impact phytoplankton?
2012
This article summarizes the outcomes of the 16th Workshop of the International Association for Phytoplankton Taxonomy and Ecology. Four major issues dealing with the impact exerted by human activities on phytoplankton were addressed in the articles of this special volume: climate change and its impacts on phytoplankton, the role of land use in shaping composition and diversity of phytoplankton, the importance of autecological studies to fully understand how phytoplankton is impacted by stressors and the role of ecological classification to evaluate community changes due to the different impacts. Case studies from different types of aquatic environments (rivers, deep and shallow lakes, reser…
English Language and European Union: A Corpus-Based Study of EU Secondary Legislation
2023
To this date, English is one of the working languages of the EU and, most importantly, it is the ‘de facto’ lingua franca of the EU, as the source language of most European documents is mainly English (Crystal 2017). Despite Brexit, English remains the most studied language in Europe (Kużelewska 2020), not to mention the fact that it is the language of globalization. However, the UK’s exit from the EU prompts the question as to what will be the development of English in the post-Brexit landscape. In light of this, the present article aims at conducting a linguistic analysis of Euro-English in order to assess if and how such type of English differs from the Standard English (SE). If yes, is…
Immunohistochemical expression and distribution of orexin, orphanin and leptin in the major salivary glands of some mammals
2012
Abstract: The aim of the study was to assess the involvement of apoptotic factors, cytokeratins and metalloproteinase- 9 in the histogenesis of both Epithelialized Gingival Lesions (EGL) and Periapical Lesions (PAL). 55 consecutive patients, 30 with PAL and 25 with EGL, were selected for the study after clinical and radiological examinations. The PAL patients had severe periapical lesions and tooth decay with exposure of the pulp chamber. All PAL and EGL biopsies were surgically extracted, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and processed for routine light microscopy. Ten biopsies of each category were processed for immunohistochemistry (IHC). Serial paraffin sections were stained by IHC with a…
Clusterin and LRP2 are critical components of the hypothalamic feeding regulatory pathway.
2012
Hypothalamic feeding circuits are essential for the maintenance of energy balance. There have been intensive efforts to discover new biological molecules involved in these pathways. Here we report that central administration of clusterin, also called apolipoprotein J, causes anorexia, weight loss and activation of hypothalamic signal transduction-activated transcript-3 in mice. In contrast, inhibition of hypothalamic clusterin action results in increased food intake and body weight, leading to adiposity. These effects are likely mediated through the mutual actions of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-2, a potential receptor for clusterin, and the long-form leptin receptor…
Hypothalamic CB1 cannabinoid receptors regulate energy balance in mice.
2012
Cannabinoid type 1 (CB(1)) receptor activation is generally considered a powerful orexigenic signal and inhibition of the endocannabinoid system is beneficial for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases. The hypothalamus plays a critical role in regulating energy balance by modulating both food intake and energy expenditure. Although CB(1) receptor signaling has been implicated in the modulation of both these mechanisms, a complete understanding of its role in the hypothalamus is still lacking. Here we combined a genetic approach with the use of adeno-associated viral vectors to delete the CB(1) receptor gene in the adult mouse hypothalamus and assessed the impact of such ma…
Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa
2021
Objectives: To assess pancreatic exocrine function in patients with anorexia nervosa using a breath test with 13C-labeled mixed triglycerides (MTG-BT) and to determine the relationship between the test results and selected biochemical and hormonal parameters. Material and methods: Anthropometric measurements, biochemical and hormonal parameters (serum leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sLR), acylated and desacylated ghrelin, free leptin index (FLI)), and MTG-BT were performed in a group of 31 girls with the restrictive type of AN, as well as 38 healthy girls (C). Results: The average cumulative dose of 13C-triglycerides recovered with exhaled air (%CD) was similar in both study groups, while …
How many sites of action for endocannabinoids to control energy metabolism?
2006
The promising results obtained by clinical trials using Rimonabant to tackle visceral obesity and related disorders recently promoted a remarkable impulse to carry out detailed investigations into the mechanisms of action of endocannabinoids in regulating food intake and energy metabolism. The endocannabinoid system has been known for many years to play an important role in the modulation of the neuronal pathways mediating the rewarding properties of food. However, in the last few years, with the advanced understanding of the crucial role of the hypothalamic neuronal network in the regulation of appetite, several studies have also directed attention to the orexigenic role of the endocannabi…
Evidence of competitive inhibition of methotrexate absorption by leucovorin calcium in rat small intestine
1997
Abstract The effect of leucovorin calcium on the intestinal absorption of methotrexate in rat small intestine was investigated using an in situ rat gut technique. First, the kinetic absorption in situ parameters for methotrexate in solution were obtained: V m =21.54 (±2.22) μ M/h; K m =10.51 (±1.08) μ M; k a =0.26 (±0.03) h −1 and AIC=−188.63. The inhibitory effect of leucovorin calcium in methotrexate intestinal absorption has been investigated by perfusing of 10 μ M methotrexate isotonic solutions containing increasing concentrations of leucovorin calcium (10–500 μ M), and the remaining concentrations of both compounds were measured. A competitive inhibition of methotrexate absorption was…
Prodrug based on halloysite delivery systems to improve the antitumor ability of methotrexate in leukemia cell lines
2021
The prodrug approach, as well as the development of specific systems able to deliver a chemotherapeutic agent in the target site, decreasing the side effects often associated with its administration, are still a challenging. In this context, both methotrexate drug molecules (MTX) and biotin ligand moieties, whose receptors are overexpressed on the surface of several cancer cells, were loaded on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to develop nanomaterial based on multifunctional and "smart" delivery systems. To highlight the crucial role played by biotin, carrier systems based on HNTs and MTX were also synthetized. In detail, several approaches were envisaged: i) a supramolecular interaction between…
Brexit ietekme uz Eiropas Savienību
2017
Lielbritānijai pametot Eiropas Savienību, var rasties neprognozējamas sekas, kas var iedarbosies gan uz Eiropas Savienību, gan uz Latviju, gan uz pašu Lielbritāniju. Šīs sekas var skart visu Eiropas politiku, tirdzniecību, ekonomiku un diplomātiju. Darba mērķis ir izveidot iespējamos attīstības scenārijus, kuri varētu notikt pēc Lielbritānijas izstāšanās no ES, kā arī izprast kādas sekas šis process varētu atstāt uz Eiropas Savienību, Latviju un pašu Lielbritāniju. Darba uzdevumi bija iepazīties ar pieejamajiem statistikas rādītājiem un ekonomistu un politiķu viedokļiem par šo tēmu, lai precīzāk varētu nonākt pie darba mērķa izpildes un izdarīt secinājumus. Darba rezultātā tika atrastas daž…