Search results for "rheumatic disease"
showing 5 items of 35 documents
Role of the IL-23/IL-17 Pathway in Rheumatic Diseases: An Overview
2021
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine composed of two subunits, IL-23A (p19) and IL-12/23B (p40), the latter shared with Interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-23 is mainly produced by macrophages and dendritic cells, in response to exogenous or endogenous signals, and drives the differentiation and activation of T helper 17 (Th17) cells with subsequent production of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-6, IL-22, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Although IL-23 plays a pivotal role in the protective immune response to bacterial and fungal infections, its dysregulation has been shown to exacerbate chronic immune-mediated inflammation. Well-established experimental data support the concept that IL-23/IL…
The History of Rheumatic Diseases
1975
The lectures of Schonlein* (1873) (Fig. 1) state: The nature of this disease being more dynamic, explains the fact that few abnormalities of significance have been found at autopsy. This statement stems from the inadequacy of the then current methods but also suggests a concept of rheumatic diseases, some ingredients of which have survived to this day. However, even a short review of medical history shows progressive differentiation of various disease entities: originally Hippocrates (460–377 BC) took “Rheuma” and “Catarrh” to be synonymous with a process during which “mucous flux” left the brain for various foci in the entrails and also the joints, and there produced disease. He mentions “…
Cardiovascular Imaging Techniques in Systemic Rheumatic Diseases
2018
The risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality is significantly higher in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases than in the general population. Although CV involvement in such patients is highly heterogeneous and may affect various structures of the heart, it can now be diagnosed earlier and promptly treated. Various types of assessments are employed for the evaluation of CV risk such as transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) to investigate valve abnormalities, pericardial disease, and ventricular wall motion defects. The diameter of coronary arteries can be assessed using invasive quantitative coronarograp…
Fibromyalgia and arthritides
2012
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome that affects at least 2% of the adult population. It is characterised by widespread pain, fatigue, sleep alterations and distress, and emerging evidence suggests a central nervous system (CNS) malfunction that increases pain transmission and perception. FM is often associated with other diseases that act as confounding and aggravating factors, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritides (SpA), osteoarthritis (OA) and thyroid disease. Mechanism-based FM management should consider both peripheral and central pain, including effects due to cerebral input and that come from the descending inhibitory pathways. Rheumatologists should be able…
Das Kiefergelenk bei entzündlichen, degenerativen und weichteilrheumatischen Erkrankungen
1991
Temporomandibular joint affections in rheumatic disease are described. They were seen in inflamed joint diseases, mostly in rheumatoid arthritis, and less so in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter’s syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, and collagen vascular disease.