Search results for "rheumatology"

2004

Autoimmune inflammation, such as in rheumatoid arthritis, is characterized by activated Th1 cells without sufficient Th2 differentiation that might downmodulate the chronic immune response. Delineation of the mechanisms that control T-cell differentiation is therefore of major importance for the understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The transcription factor GATA-3 has been implicated in regulating Th2 cell differentiation in murine T cells in vitro, but its role in vivo and, in particular, in human T-cell differentiation is currently unknown. To dissect the role of GATA-3 in human T-cell differentiation and T-cell-mediated effector functions, we used the unique opportuni…

Epithelial HIF2α expression induces intestinal barrier dysfunction and exacerbation of arthritis.

2022

ObjectiveTo investigate how the mucosal barrier in the intestine influences the development of arthritis, considering that metabolic changes in the intestinal epithelium influence its barrier function.MethodsIntestinal hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α expression was assessed before, at onset and during experimental arthritis and human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Intestinal epithelial cell-specific HIF2α conditional knock-out mice were generated (HIF2α∆IEC) and subjected to collagen-induced arthritis. Clinical and histological courses of arthritis were recorded; T-cell and B-cell subsets were analysed in the gut and secondary lymphatic organs; and intestinal epithelial cells were subjected t…

Possible role for IL-40 and IL-40-producing cells in the lymphocytic infiltrated salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome

2023

ObjectivesAim of this study was to investigate the expression of interleukin (IL)-40, a new cytokine associated with B cells homoeostasis and immune response, in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and in pSS-associated lymphomas.Methods29 patients with pSS and 24 controls were enrolled. Minor salivary gland (MSG) biopsies from patients, controls and parotid gland biopsies from pSS-associated lymphoma were obtained. Quantitative gene expression analysis by TaqMan real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry for IL-40 were performed on MSG. MSG cellular sources of IL-40 were determined by flow-cytometry and immunofluorescence. Serum concentration of IL-40 was assessed by ELISA and cellular sources of I…

Conditioned media from adipose stem cells down-regulates senescence induced by interleukin-1β in osteoarthritic chondrocytes

2016

Analysis of impaired in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis in rheumatoid arthritis.

1990

Decreased immunoglobulin production in pokeweed mitogen driven lymphocyte cultures has been reported in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here various activators and experimental designs have been used to determine the contribution of B cells, T cells, or monocytes to this low response. Sixty patients with RA and paired controls were studied at the onset of disease and again six months later. Concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM in cultures of RA peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with thymus dependent activators were already decreased at the onset of the disease. Six months later RA mononuclear cells produced even lower concentrations of immunoglobulin. In contrast, stimulation with a T…

Expansion of intestinal CD4+CD25highTreg cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A putative role for interleukin-10 in preventing intestinal T…

2010

Objective Subclinical gut inflammation has been demonstrated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study was undertaken to determine the frequency of regulatory CD4+CD25high T cells (Treg cells) and to evaluate Treg cell–related cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], transforming growth factor β [TGFβ], and IL-10) and transcription factors (FoxP3 and STAT-5) in the ileum of patients with AS. Methods Quantitative gene expression analysis, by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, of Treg-related cytokines (IL-2, TGFβ, and IL-10) and transcription factors (STAT-5 and FoxP3) was performed on ileal biopsy specimens from 18 patients with AS, 15 patients with active Crohn's disea…

THU0349 A Double-Blind, Randomised, Parallel Group, Active Controlled, Multicentre Study to Assess the Therapeutic Non-Inferiority of Skp-021, A 0.3%…

2014

Background NSAIDs are the first choice for management of acute musculoskeletal pain. Acute musculoskeletal pain is often associated with trauma, surgery, musculoskeletal injuries like strains, sprains and over-use injuries Objectives The primary study endpoint was the estimate of the non-inferiority of the Test drug (Ketoprofen) vs. the Reference drug (Diclofenac). This was performed by assessment of the proportion of responders (response: 50% or more reduction of baseline VAS % (95%CI) at the end of treatment) in the two treatment groups. Methods This phase III, randomised, blinded, active-control and non-inferiority study involved 697 adults with acute muskuloskeletal pain. Participants w…

Cross-Talk Correction Method for Knee Kinematics in Gait Analysis Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA): A New Proposal

2014

International audience; Background: In 3D gait analysis, the knee joint is usually described by the Eulerian way. It consists in breaking down the motion between the articulating bones of the knee into three rotations around three axes: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation. However, the definition of these axes is prone to error, such as the "cross-talk'' effect, due to difficult positioning of anatomical landmarks. This paper proposes a correction method, principal component analysis (PCA), based on an objective kinematic criterion for standardization, in order to improve knee joint kinematic analysis. Methods: The method was applied to the 3D gait data of …

"Being Flexible": graduates Facing Changes in Their Work Environment

2011

According to the crucial importance of innovation for modern economies, the role of graduates regarding innovation appears to be a major topic when their performances in the labour market at stake. Five main questions are addressed in this chapter: (1) What does innovation mean? (2) Which organisations are likely to be more innovative? (3) What role do Higher Education graduates play regarding innovation? (4) Are they equipped to do develop innovation? (5) Which are the occupations more related to innovation, and are innovative activities rewarded? The results presented in this chapter confirm that higher education graduates are crucial actors in the innovation process. The jobs of innovati…

Visceral adiposity in patients with psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis alone and its relationship with metabolic and cardiovascular risk

2020

Abstract Background Fat mass distribution, especially in the abdominal visceral region, has been rarely evaluated in patients with PsA or psoriasis (PsO). Methods Patients with PsA and patients with PsO alone were evaluated and compared with control subjects (1:1 ratio in each patient group) matched for age, sex and BMI category. Body composition and fat distribution (android and visceral fat) were evaluated by DXA. Anthropometric measurements, disease activity and the systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) cardiovascular risk were assessed. Metabolic parameters (insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance), serum adipokines [total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin…