Search results for "risk factors."
showing 10 items of 3749 documents
Factores de riesgo asociados a la aparición de nuevas lesiones de caries en primeros molares permanentes
2018
Objetivo: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo longitudinal el cual fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad de Valencia. El objetivo principal fue determinar los factores asociados a la aparición de nuevas lesiones de caries en el primer molar permanente (PMP) en niños de 12 años pertenecientes al Departamento 9 de Salud del Hospital General de Valencia (al que corresponden los Centros de Salud (CS) de Alacuás, Xirivella y Paiporta) seguidos, desde antes de la erupción del PMP y a lo largo de un periodo de 5 y 7 años, a través de la evaluación de su historia clínica. Material y métodos: se listaron en 2015 los niños nacidos en 2005 en los 3 municipios. De este modo se obtuvo un…
Asymptomatic carotid lesions and aging: role of hypertension and other traditional and emerging risk factors
2005
ASYMPTOMATIC CAROTID LESIONS AND AGING: ROLE OF HYPERTENSION AND OTHER TRADITIONAL AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS BACKGROUND: We evaluated the prevalence of intima-media thickening (IMT) and asymptomatic carotid plaque (ACP) in a group of subjects with or without traditional and/or emerging risk factors (RF). METHODS: There were 631 subjects (313 male and 318 female) aged between 19 and 97 years, asymptomatic for cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases. The following measurements were used: anamnesis, physical examination, height and sitting blood pressure. Biochemistry variables were also considered: total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, fibrinogen, high sensitive C-reactive protein, IgG…
Pathways between Social Capital and Oral Health from Childhood to Adolescence
2022
Author's accepted manuscript This study aimed to evaluate the theoretical pathways by which social capital can influence dental caries and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children over time. This 10-y prospective cohort started in 2010 with a sample of 639 preschoolers aged 1 to 5 y from the southern Brazil. Community and individual social capital were assessed at baseline through the presence of formal institutions in the neighborhood and social networks, respectively. In the 10-y follow-up, the individual social capital was evaluated by social trust and social networks. Dental caries was measured by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and the …
Longitudinal associations of physical activity and sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk factors in children
2019
Background: There are few prospective studies on the associations of changes in objectively measured vigorous physical activity (VPA∆), moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA∆), light physical activity (LPA∆), and sedentary time (ST∆) with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors (∆) in children. We therefore investigated these relationships among children. Methods: The participants were a population sample of 258 children aged 6‐8 years followed for 2 years. We assessed PA and ST by a combined heart rate and movement sensor; computed continuous age‐ and sex‐adjusted z‐scores for waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprot…
Evidence for a link between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and annual asthma mortality rates in the US
2019
AbstractAn association between climatic conditions and asthma mortality has been widely assumed. However, it is unclear whether climatic variations have a fingerprint on asthma dynamics over long time intervals. The aim of this study is to detect a possible correlation between climatic indices, namely the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and asthma mortality rates over the period from 1950 to 2015 in the contiguous US. To this aim, an analysis of non-stationary and non-linear signals was performed on time series of US annual asthma mortality rates, AMO and PDO indices to search for characteristic periodicities. Results revealed that asthma death rates evalu…
Evaluation of the risk factors of asymptomatic vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteopenia at the femoral neck
2016
To identify risk factors of asymptomatic vertebral fracture (aVF) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia at the femoral neck and to evaluate the association between the number of aVFs and the risk of major and hip osteoporotic fracture calculated with the FRAX(®) algorithm.Epidemiological case-series study with data collected transversally.728 postmenopausal women with osteopenia were included: 284 (39.0%) had aVF, of whom 200 (70.4%) had prior fragility fractures (FF). The likelihood of having an osteoporotic fracture in the next 10 years increased significantly with the number of aVF. The percentage of women with height loss, which was assessed as the difference between the greatest heig…
Nurse-led counseling for coronary artery disease patients : A 1-year follow-up study
2021
Nurse‐led counseling and systematic follow‐up has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk factor levels. The study aim was to investigate if cardiovascular risk factor levels could be reduced in patients with coronary artery disease with a nurse‐led intervention and to report patients’ evaluations of nurse‐led counseling. The study design was a real‐life longitudinal follow‐up counseling intervention. Data were collected from November 2017 to May 2020. The nurse‐led intervention and patients’ follow‐up time was one year. Of the 78 patients recruited, 74 completed the study. The most significant findings were in the levels of total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and trigly…
Critical limb ischaemia: definition and natural hystory
2004
The term critical limb ischemia refers to a condition characterized by chronic ischemic at-rest pain, ulcers, or gangrene in one or both legs attributable to objectively proven arterial occlusive disease. Critical limb ischemia implies chronicity and is to be distinguished from acute limb ischemia. Its incidence is approximately 500 to 1000 per million year, with the highest rates among older subjects, smokers and diabetics. The rate of primary amputation ranges from 10% to 40%, and was performed only when no graftable distal vessels were present, or in neurologically impaired or hopelessly nonambulatory patients. Contrarily, in some highly specialized and aggressive centres about 90% of pa…
Wykorzystanie koncepcji resilience w profilaktyce niedostosowania społecznego i resocjalizacji
2013
Koncepcja resilience nie jest jednorodna i w artykule zaprezentowano różnorodne podejścia badawcze do tego zjawiska. Najogólniej resilience oznacza proces pozytywnej adaptacji dzieci i młodzieży narażonych na duże ryzyko, przeciwności losu lub zdarzenia traumatyczne. Koncepcja resilien ce akcentuje znaczenie czynników ryzyka i mechanizmów chroniących przed nimi w wieku rozwojowym. Może stanowić podstawę do opracowania programów profilaktyki niedostosowania społecznego oraz w pracy resocjalizacyjnej z dziećmi i młodzieżą wykazującymi zaburzenia zachowania.
Multidimensional prognostic index and the risk of fractures: an 8-year longitudinal cohort study in the Osteoarthritis Initiative
2021
Abstract Summary In this longitudinal study, with a follow-up of 8 years, multidimensional prognostic index (MPI), a product of the comprehensive geriatric assessment, significantly predicted the onset of fractures in older people affected by knee osteoarthritis. Purpose Frailty may be associated with higher fracture risk, but limited research has been carried out using a multidimensional approach to frailty assessment and diagnosis. The present research aimed to investigate whether the MPI, based on comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), is associated with the risk of fractures in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study. Methods Community-dwellers affected by knee OA or at high risk f…