Search results for "rolle"
showing 10 items of 3002 documents
Manualized cognitive therapy versus cognitive-behavioral treatment-as-usual for social anxiety disorder in routine practice: A cluster-randomized con…
2016
Abstract Objective This study examined the effectiveness of manualized cognitive therapy (mCT) following the Clark-Wells approach versus non-manualized cognitive-behavioral treatment-as-usual (CBTAU) for social anxiety disorder (SAD) in routine practice. Methods Forty-eight private practitioners were recruited within a multi-center trial and either received training in manualized CT for SAD or no such training. Practitioners treated 162 patients with SAD in routine practice (N = 107 completers, n = 57 for mCT, n = 50 for CBTAU). Social anxiety symptoms (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale; LSAS) and secondary measures were assessed before treatment, at treatment-hour 8, 15, and 25, at end of tre…
Changes in negative implicit evaluations in patients of hypochondriasis after treatment with cognitive therapy or exposure therapy
2015
Abstract Background and Objectives Previous studies using modified versions of the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP; Payne, Cheng, Govorun, & Stewart, 2005) have revealed that there is an implicit negative evaluation bias of illness-related information in patients with hypochondriasis (HYP), which might be a maintaining feature of HYP. However, there is no evidence on whether this bias might be targeted successfully by effective treatments, such as exposure therapy (ET) or cognitive therapy (CT). This is the first study to examine the change in negative implicit evaluations in a randomized controlled trial, including individual CT and ET, compared to a wait-list control group for HYP. M…
Effect of Lung Recruitment and Titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs Low PEEP on Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress …
2017
Importance The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain. Objective To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients with moderate to severe ARDS compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November 17, 2011, through April 25, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate to severe ARDS. Interventions An experimental strat…
Meta-analysis
2012
Treatment of the pain caused by chronic pancreatitis (CP) is not standardized. Knowledge of the response to placebo in this setting may aid the design of future trials. We aimed at investigating the placebo effect on abdominal pain remission rates in patients with CP.MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched, and randomized placebo-controlled trials in CP providing data on abdominal pain remission rates in placebo arms were included. Pooled estimates of the placebo rate were calculated using random-effects logistic regression analysis. Stratum-specific rates for different patients and study-level covariates were calculated to account for heterogeneity.Seven randomized controlled trials (202…
Effects of controlled-release on the pharmacokinetics and absorption characteristics of a compound undergoing intestinal efflux in humans
2006
Abstract Objective The number of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) undergoing inhibitable and saturable intestinal efflux is considerable. As a consequence, absorption and bioavailability may depend on the intestinal concentration profile of the drug and may vary as a function of dose and release rate of the drug from the dosage form. The impact of controlled versus immediate-release on the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates is currently unknown. Thus, the main focus of the present study was a comparison of the pharmacokinetics of the P-gp model substrate talinolol following administration of immediate-release (IR) and controlled-release (CR) tablets to healthy human volunteers w…
Fluvoxamine or placebo in the treatment of panic disorder and relationship to blood concentrations of fluvoxamine.
1998
A six-week double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fluvoxamine was undertaken in 46 patients suffering from panic disorder with or without agoraphobia diagnosed by DSM-III-R guidelines. Average daily dosage of fluvoxamine was 160 mg, with a highest permitted dose of 300 mg/day. Weekly evaluation included a diary in which the number, severity, and duration of full-blown and limited panic attacks and the duration and severity of anticipating fear, CAS, GAS, CGI, HAM-D, adverse effects and the number of capsules not taken were noted. Fluvoxamine was not significantly superior to placebo with regard to the main outcome criterion, i.e., the reduction in the number of panic attacks, but it was s…
Comparison of Ondansetron versus Clonidine efficacy for prevention of postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting after orthognathic surgeries : a triple…
2018
Background The aim of this randomized controlled triple blind trial was to compare the efficacy of clonidine with dexamethasone versus ondansetron with dexamethasone for postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting prevention in orthognathic surgery patients. Material and Methods In this clinical trial study, 30 consecutive patients with skeletal class III deformities were candidates for orthognathic surgery in Qaem hospital, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran from March to November 2017. These subjects were randomly assigned to two equal number groups, ondansetron or clonidine. Patients received either oral ondansetron 8mg or oral clonidine 150μg as premedication, 1 hour befo…
Clinical evaluation of antiseptic mouth rinses to reduce salivary load of SARS-CoV-2
2021
AbstractMost public health measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic are based on preventing the pathogen spread, and the use of oral antiseptics has been proposed as a strategy to reduce transmission risk. The aim of this manuscript is to test the efficacy of mouthwashes to reduce salivary viral load in vivo. This is a multi-centre, blinded, parallel-group, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial that tests the effect of four mouthwashes (cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide) in SARS-CoV-2 salivary load measured by qPCR at baseline and 30, 60 and 120 min after the mouthrinse. A fifth group of patients used distilled water mouthrinse as a contr…
Analgesic efficacy of ketorolac associated with a tramadol/acetaminophen combination after third molar surgery - a randomized, triple-blind clinical …
2019
Background This study compared the efficacy of ketorolac alone versus its combination with tramadol/acetaminophen for pain control after mandibular third molar surgery. Material and Methods A randomized, triple-blind clinical trial was carried out with 52 patients divided into 2 groups: Group K+T+A (1 tablet of Ketorolac 10 mg plus and 1 capsule of Tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg) and Group K (1 tablet of Ketorolac 10 mg plus and 1 placebo capsule). The treatments were given 1 h before the surgery and was repeated 4 times per day, for 48 h. The difference in postoperative pain was assessed by 4 primary end-points: pain intensity (VAS 100mm, for 48 h), rescue medication, overall assess…
Microbiological effects of an antiseptic mouthrinse in irradiated cancer patients
2010
Objective: To assess the microbiological effects of an antiseptic, non-alcohol based mouth-rinse containing chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride, in patients undergoing radiation therapy for head-and-neck cancer. Study Design: This was a parallel, double-blind, prospective, randomized clinical trial, including patients irradiated as part of the therapy of head-and-neck cancer, aged 18-75, with at least 10 teeth, and willing to sign an informed consent. Cancer patients were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments (test mouth-rinse or a placebo). Three visits were scheduled (baseline, 14 and 28 days). Microbiological findings were evaluated in tongue, mucosa and subgingival sampl…