Search results for "rotation"

showing 10 items of 935 documents

Mechanical energy states during running.

1978

Changes in total mechanical work and its partitioning into different energy states (kinetic, potential and rotational) during a step cycle of running were investigated on six well trained athletes who ran at the test speeds of 40, 60, 80, and 100% (9.3 +/- 0.3 m/s) of maximum. Cinematographic techniques were utilized to calculate the mechanical energy states as described by Norman et al. (1976), using a 13 segment mechanical model of a runner as the basis for the computations. The data showed that both the kinetic and rotational energy increased parabolically but the potential energy decreased linearly with increases in running velocity. The calculated power of the positive work phase incre…

PhysicsMalePhysiologyWork (physics)Physical ExertionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthElastic energyGeneral MedicineMechanicsEfficiencyKinetic energyPotential energyPower (physics)Rotational energyBiomechanical PhenomenaRunningClassical mechanicsPhysiology (medical)Energy levelHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineMechanical energyMathematicsEuropean journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology
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Lifetime measurements in 166Re : Collective versus magnetic rotation

2016

WOS: 000371740600004

PhysicsManchester Cancer Research Centreta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrcMagnetic rotationRouthianNuclear TheoryOrder (ring theory)Semiclassical physicsState (functional analysis)rhenium01 natural sciencesNuclear shapeRecoilExcited state0103 physical scienceslifetimesAtomic physics010306 general physicsexcited statesPhysical Review C
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Application of Rotational Measurements in Stiffness Reconstruction of Beams and Frames

2009

A stiffness reconstruction method is tested when rotational degrees of freedom are added to the dynamic model of the structure. The inverse problem is formulated as a minimization problem in terms of harmonic vibrations of the structure and its finite element model. An example of frame structure is analyzed by numerical simulations. The results of these numerical analyses show that the damage detection appeared to be much more effective when the angular amplitudes of harmonic vibrations are acquired. This makes very good prospects for the future applications of angular sensors in damage detection of structures.

PhysicsMechanical EngineeringFrame (networking)Mathematical analysisStiffnessInverse problemFinite element methodVibrationClassical mechanicsAmplitudeMechanics of MaterialsmedicineGeneral Materials Sciencemedicine.symptomRotation (mathematics)Beam (structure)Key Engineering Materials
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The optical counterpart to SAX J1808.4-3658 in quiescence: Evidence of an active radio pulsar?

2003

The optical counterpart of the binary millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 during quiescence was detected at V = 21.5 mag by Homer et al. (2001). This star shows a 6% semi-amplitude sinusoidal modulation of its flux at the orbital period of the system. It was proposed that the modulation arises from X-ray irradiation of the intrinsically faint companion by a remnant accretion disk, and that the bulk of the optical emission arises from viscous dissipation in the disk. The serious difficulty in this scenario lies in the estimate of the irradiating luminosity required to match the observational data, that is a factor 10-50 higher than the quiescent X-ray luminosity of this source. To over…

PhysicsMillisecondAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Phase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysicsOrbital periodRotational energyLuminosityNeutron starPulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceModulationAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Using molecular alignment to track ultrafast collisional relaxation

2014

Field-free molecular alignment has been used in order to track the collisional relaxation occurring in a molecular gas. CO${}_{2}$ molecules were initially irradiated by a short linearly polarized laser pulse resulting in the increase of their rotational energy. The evolution of the subsequent ultrafast relaxation process was optically probed after irradiating the sample with a second, weaker, short pulse leading to the alignment of the preheated molecules. Using classical molecular dynamic simulations, we were able to quantitatively reproduce the experimental shapes and amplitudes of the recorded revival transients for a time interval extending from 25 to 500 ps until thermalization of the…

PhysicsMolecular dynamicsThermalisationlawLinear polarizationRelaxation (physics)Atomic physicsLaserUltrashort pulseAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse (physics)law.inventionRotational energyPhysical Review A
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Realizing total reciprocity violation in the phase for photon scattering

2017

Scientific reports 7, 43114 (2017). doi:10.1038/srep43114

PhysicsMultidisciplinary000ScatteringDetectorSynchrotron radiationANALYZERNUCLEAR-RESONANCE01 natural sciencesArticlePOLARIZER010305 fluids & plasmasScattering amplitudeSYNCHROTRON-RADIATIONQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesddc:000Rotational invariance[CHIM]Chemical SciencesScattering theoryOPTICS010306 general physicsQuantumQUANTUMReciprocity (cultural anthropology)
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Observability of γ-ray pulsars

1978

PULSARS seem to play a major role as γ-ray emitters. Of the 13 objects listed in the first COS B catalogue1 the two brightest, CG185-5 and CG263-2, have been identified with the Crab (PSR0531+21) and Vela (PSR0833–;45) pulsars respectively. This privileged role of pulsars as identified γ-ray sources could be simply related to observational reasons: in fact, because of the poor angular resolution intrinsic to the γ-ray telescopes, the only possibility of identification for individual sources is the time structure of the emission, and the periodical pattern of pulsars is particularly suited. On the other hand, for PSR0531+21 and PSR0833−45, the observed pulsed energy release is essentially in…

PhysicsNeutron starMultidisciplinaryPulsarAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaStellar rotationGamma rayAstronomyAngular resolutionAstrophysicsGamma-ray astronomyVelaLuminosityNature
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Relaxation of polar order in suspensions with Quincke effect

2014

The Quincke effect---spontaneous rotation of dielectric particles in a liquid with low conductivity under the action of an electric field---is considered. The distribution functions for the orientation of particle rotation planes are introduced and a set of nonlinear kinetic equations is derived in the mean field approximation considering the dynamics of their orientation in the flow induced by rotating particles. As a result the nonequilibrium phase transition to the polar order, if the concentration of the particles is sufficiently high, is predicted and the condition of the synchronization of particle rotations is established. Two cases are considered: the layer of the Quincke suspension…

PhysicsNonlinear systemPhase transitionDistribution functionElectric fieldParticleRelaxation (physics)DielectricMechanicsRotationPhysical Review E
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Gravitational waves in dynamical spacetimes with matter content in the fully constrained formulation

2012

The Fully Constrained Formulation (FCF) of General Relativity is a novel framework introduced as an alternative to the hyperbolic formulations traditionally used in numerical relativity. The FCF equations form a hybrid elliptic-hyperbolic system of equations including explicitly the constraints. We present an implicit-explicit numerical algorithm to solve the hyperbolic part, whereas the elliptic sector shares the form and properties with the well known Conformally Flat Condition (CFC) approximation. We show the stability andconvergence properties of the numerical scheme with numerical simulations of vacuum solutions. We have performed the first numerical evolutions of the coupled system of…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGeneral relativityGravitational waveRotational symmetryFOS: Physical sciencesSpherical coordinate systemGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Neutron-star oscillationSystem of linear equations01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyNeutron starNumerical relativityClassical mechanicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Physical Review D
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Angular distributions in quasi-fission reactions

1986

Abstract Angular distributions for fission-like fragments were measured in the systems 50Ti, 56Fe + 208Pb by applying an off-line K X-ray activation technique. The distributions d2σ/dθdZ exhibit forward-backward asymmetries that are strongly Z-dependent. They result from a process (quasi-fission) which yields nearly symmetric masses in times comparable to the rotational period of the composite system. A method for obtaining the variance of the tilting angular momentum, K02, from these skewed, differential angular distributions is described. The results indicate that the tilting mode is not fully excited in quasi-fission reactions. The results are compared to the sum of the variances of all …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAngular accelerationAngular momentumTotal angular momentum quantum numberAngular momentum couplingAngular momentum of lightRotational transitionOrbital angular momentum of lightAtomic physicsSpin-½Nuclear Physics A
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