Search results for "rotation"

showing 10 items of 935 documents

Ferrochirality: a simple theoretical model of interacting, dynamically invertible, helical polymers, 2. Molecular field approach: supports and the de…

1995

Using a molecular field approach, the effect of interaction between reversibly invertible, helical polymers is investigated theoretically. The helices are modelled by nearest-neighbour statistical thermodynamics. If the interaction energy between two helices of common handedness is lower than that of oppositely handed ones, a critical temperature Tc exists, below which the system spontaneously must leave the racemic state, though there is no contact to any chiral centre or force. This is analogous to the second-order phase transition of ferromagnets. The critical point increases with molecular weight and optical persistence of the helices. At the critical point the system is highly sensitiv…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesPhase transitionPolymers and PlasticsStereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryInteraction energyCondensed Matter PhysicsInorganic ChemistryCritical point (thermodynamics)Chemical physicsLiquid crystalHelixMaterials ChemistryOptical rotationPhase diagramMacromolecular Theory and Simulations
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An innovative mechanical converter for sea wave application

2017

This paper describes an innovative mechanical converter, usable in sea wave energy sector. This system transforms a variable bidirectional linear motion into a unidirectional rotary motion.

Quantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesEngineeringbusiness.industry020209 energyLinear motion0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRotation around a fixed axisElectronic engineeringMechanical engineering02 engineering and technologyUSablebusinessEnergy sector2017 6th International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)
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Single-input perturbative control of a quantum symmetric rotor

2022

We consider the Schr\"odinger partial differential equation of a rotating symmetric rigid molecule (symmetric rotor) driven by a z-linearly polarized electric field, as prototype of degenerate infinite-dimensional bilinear control system. By introducing an abstract perturbative criterium, we classify its simultaneous approximate controllability; based on this insight, we numerically perform an orientational selective transfer of rotational population.

Quantum PhysicsControl and OptimizationFOS: Physical sciencesdifferential equations[PHYS.MPHY] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]rotationelectric fieldMathematics - Analysis of PDEsOptimization and Control (math.OC)Control and Systems EngineeringFOS: Mathematicscontrol systemQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsMathematics - Optimization and Control[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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The hyperfine structure in the rotational spectrum of water: Lamb-dip technique and quantum-chemical calculations

2009

Seven ortho rotational transitions have been recorded for the main isotopic species of water in the mil- limeter- and submillimeter-wave region using the Lamb-dip technique in order to resolve the hyperfine structure due to the hydrogens and to provide accurate hyperfine constants. The experimental determi- nation has been supplemented by high-level quantum-chemical calculations of the hyperfine parameters thereby focusing in particular on a systematic study of the basis-set convergence and on vibrational effects.

Quantum chemicalChemistryRotational spectrumGeneral Physics and AstronomyMillimeterPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsHyperfine structure
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The rotational spectrum of trans-DCOOD: Lamb-dip measurements, THz spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations

2011

Abstract The rotational spectrum of the bi-deuterated isotopologue of trans-formic acid, trans-DCOOD, was recorded at sub-Doppler resolution in the millimeter- and sub-millimeter-wave region using the Lamb-dip technique. The hyperfine structure due to the deuterium nuclei could be resolved and accurate hyperfine constants were derived. The experimental determination of the deuterium quadrupole-coupling constants was supported by high-level quantum-chemical calculations at the coupled-cluster level using large atomic-orbital basis sets. The Lamb-dip measurements were also supplemented by THz Doppler-limited measurements in order to extend the predictive capability of the available spectrosco…

Quantum chemicalChemistryTerahertz radiationResolution (electron density)Analytical chemistryLAMB-DIP TECHNIQUEGeneral Physics and AstronomyHYPERFINE STRUCTUREDeuteriumrotational spectroscopyRotational spectrumtrans-DCOODMillimeterIsotopologueAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsHyperfine structureQUANTUM-CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS
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Quantum-chemical calculation of spectroscopic parameter for rotational spectroscopy

2010

This review provides a computational chemist’s perspective of rotational spectros- copy and discusses the theoretical background and application of state-of-the-art quantum-chemical methods for the accurate determination of the relevant spectroscopic parameters.

Quantum chemicalComputational chemistryChemical physicsChemistryAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsRotational spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChemistQuantum chemistry
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Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Unsteady Superfluid Turbulence in Counterflow and Rotating Situations

2005

The methods of nonequilibrium thermodynamics are used in this paper to relate an evolution equation for the vortex line density $L$, describing superfluid turbulence in the simultaneous presence of counterflow and rotation, to an evolution equation for the superfluid velocity ${\mathbf{v}}_{s}$, in order to be able to describe the full evolution of ${\mathbf{v}}_{s}$ and $L$, instead of only $L$. Two alternative possibilities are analyzed, related to two possible alternative interpretations of a term coupling the effects of the counterflow and rotation on the vortex tangle, and which imply some differences between situations where counterflow and rotation vectors are parallel or orthogonal …

Quantum fluidPhysicsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsOrder (ring theory)Angular velocityCondensed Matter PhysicsRotationCoupling (probability)superfluid turbulenceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVortexSuperfluidityClassical mechanicsMathematical physics
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Rotational quenching of monodeuterated water by hydrogen molecules

2011

Cross sections and rate coefficients for low lying rotational transitions in HDO induced by para and ortho-H(2) collisions are presented for the first time. Calculations have been performed at the close-coupling and coupled-states levels with the deuterated variant of the H(2)O-H(2) interaction potential of Valiron et al. [J. Chem. Phys., 2008, 129, 134306]. Rate coefficients are presented for temperatures between 5 and 100 K and are compared to the corresponding rates for H(2)O and D(2)O. Significant differences caused by the isotopic substitution, in particular the C(2v) symmetry breaking, are observed. Finally, our rates are found to be significantly larger (by up to three orders of magn…

Quenching (fluorescence)HydrogenChemistryAbundance (chemistry)Analytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyRotational transitionchemistry.chemical_elementInteraction potentialDeuteriumOrders of magnitude (time)Computational chemistrySymmetry breakingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Intermolecular potential and rovibrational states of the H2O–D2 complex

2012

International audience; A five-dimensional intermolecular potential for H2O-D-2 was obtained from the full nine-dimensional ab initio potential surface of Valiron et al. [P. Valiron, M. Wernli, A. Faure, L. Wiesenfeld, C. Rist, S. Kedzuch, J. Noga, J. Chem. Phys. 129 (2008) 134306] by averaging over the ground state vibrational wave functions of H2O and D-2. On this five-dimensional potential with a well depth D-e of 232.12 cm (1) we calculated the bound rovibrational levels of H2O-D-2 for total angular momentum J = 0-3. The method used to compute the rovibrational levels is similar to a scattering approach-it involves a basis of coupled free rotor wave functions for the hindered internal r…

ROTATION-TUNNELING STATESWater dimerAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyHYDROGEN MOLECULES01 natural sciencesEIGENVALUESAMORPHOUS ICETotal angular momentum quantum numberEXCITATION0103 physical sciencesGRID HAMILTONIAN METHODIsotopologuePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTheoretical ChemistryWave function010303 astronomy & astrophysicsVIBRATION010304 chemical physicsChemistryIntermolecular forceRotational–vibrational spectroscopyAB-INITIO TREATMENTWATER DIMERAtomic physicsCOUPLED 6-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONSGround stateChemical Physics
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Determination of gas temperature of high-frequency low-temperature electrodeless plasma using molecular spectra of hydrogen and hydroxyl-radical

2012

Abstract In this study we determine gas temperature of He+H 2 , Ar+H 2 and Ne+H 2 high frequency electrodeless lamps using intensity distribution in rotational spectra of hydrogen molecule and hydroxyl radical. The measurement results show that OH rotational spectra can be successfully used for estimation of gas temperature of the high-frequency electrodeless lamps at very small amounts of hydrogen present in plasma. The analysis of the measurement results leads to the conclusion that in “pure” plasma the applied energy is used to heat plasma, while for the plasma with hydrogen addition the energy is used in chemical reactions.

RadiationMaterials scienceHydrogenAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementRotational temperaturePlasmaChemical reactionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral linechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryHydroxyl radicalPlasma diagnosticsAtomic physicsSpectroscopyIntensity (heat transfer)Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
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