Search results for "ruis"

The powers of masculinization in humanitarian storytelling: the case of the surgeon María Gómez Álvarez in the Varsovia Hospital (Toulouse, 1944–1950)

2020

This contribution is focused on analysing the power of 'masculinization' through which traditional humanitarian storytelling has been shaped. Strongly marked by a patriarchal vision, humanitarian accounts have traditionally hidden the work of women while stressing that performed by men, who appeared represented as true protagonists and, even, as heroes. In particular, this article analyses the professional career of a Spanish female surgeon named Maria Gomez (1914-1975) between 1944 and 1950, when she worked in a small charitable hospital based in Toulouse (France) for improving the health-care conditions of Spanish Republican refugees. Known as Hospital Varsovia or as Walter B. Cannon Memo…

Vulnérabilité des infrastructures urbaines à l'érosion pluviale dans la ville de Bangui

2007

National audience; Le présent travail analyse l'impact de l'érosion pluviale sur les différentes infrastructures de la ville de Bangui. L'agressivité du climat, combinée à la topographie, à l'état de surface et l'évolution démographique constituent un facteur important de l'érosion hydrique contre lesquels les stratégies d'adaptation doivent se développer pour préserver les infrastructures urbaines dans une perspective de développement urbain durable. Pour apprécier la vulnérabilité des infrastructures à l'érosion pluviale, les données pluviométriques, morpho topographiques et démographiques ont été utilisées. Les méthodes d'analyses statistiques, d'évaluation des pertes de terre ont été ut…

The Fairness Principle, Reward, and Altruistic Behavior

2011

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between reward and altruism. It was hypothesized that the altruistic behavior of someone who has been asked for help will occur only after the person asking for help has been evaluated. As a result, if the situation of a person asking for help is perceived as less fortunate, help will be given even if no proportional award is received in return, according to a principle based on need that makes people feel they should help the needy. Results show that when the participants received an unfair award, they tended to offer much bigger donations only in the condition in which the other was perceived as less fortunate.

The evolutionary dynamics of adaptive virginity, sex-allocation and altruistic helping in haplodiploid animals

2018

In haplodiploids, females can produce sons from unfertilized eggs without mating. However, virgin reproduction is usually considered to be a result of a failure to mate, rather than an adaptation. Here, we build an analytical model for evolution of virgin reproduction, sex-allocation, and altruistic female helping in haplodiploid taxa. We show that when mating is costly (e.g., when mating increases predation risk), virginity can evolve as an adaptive female reproductive strategy. Furthermore, adaptive virginity results in strongly divergent sex-ratios in mated and virgin queen nests ("split sex ratios"), which promotes the evolution of altruistic helping by daughters in mated queen nests. H…

Orgānu donēšanas aspekti Latvijā

2018

Bakalaura darba tēma: „Orgānu donēšanas aspekti Latvijā”. Tēmas aktualitāti nosaka: orgānu trūkums ir viena no aktuālākajām problēmām, ar ko saskaras transplantācijas nozare, un atšķirība starp piedāvājumu un pieprasījumu turpina pieaugt. Daudziem pacientiem orgānu transplantācija ir vienīgā pieejamā ārstēšanas un dzīvības glābšanas iespēja. Aktuāli kļūst jautājumi par orgānu piedāvājuma palielināšanu, donora un pacienta kvalitatīvu aprūpi un vienlīdzīgu orgānu pieejamību visiem, kam tie nepieciešami. Ir svarīgi saprast informācijas sniegšanas trūkumus sabiedrībai, un kādi aspekti traucē, lai varētu izlemt pozitīvi par orgānu donēšanu. Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot, kādu aspektu vadīti, Lat…

Przyszłe nauczycielki wobec aktywności prospołecznej jako celu wychowania moralnego ucznia

2021

Altruisme et modèle métaphorique

1993

This article addresses the relationship between economics and biology from the specific methodological perspective of concept transfers. To understand in what way biological theories may prove useful for the study of economic problems, we define, with reference to the work of some philosophers of science, a methodological tool which we call the "metaphorical model". This instrument is then used to elucidate some aspects of Becker's model on altruism as well as the reasons why his analysis has not been considered in the end to be fully convincing or relevant.

Altruism in business – an empirical study of philanthropy in the small business context

2012

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine corporate philanthropy from the perspective of small business owner‐managers to find out whether there is room for altruism in business life.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on 25 thematic interviews with small business owner‐managers. The data analysis is based on a method of qualitative content analysis.FindingsBased on the analysis, it is shown that reactivity, an emphasis on personal interests, the willingness to utilize philanthropy as part of marketing and lack of planning are typical of philanthropy in the small business context. Small businesses often emphasize strategic business reasons as the main motive for their philan…

Fostering Positive Changes in Health and Social Relationships in Children

2017

Several studies have demonstrated that altruism and gratitude may confer beneficial effects on psychophysical wellbeing. The present chapter describes how positive changes in health and social relationships can be fostered in 6- to 9-year-old children when participating in positive interventions. The findings show that the experience of working with others to attain shared goals and focusing on gratefulness positively modulated altruism and social interactions among peers, highlighting the great behavioural plasticity of children. Moreover, interventions involving cooperative playing not only increased positive relationships but also contributed to a decrease in chronic stress levels. The p…

Unethical Brotherly Love: Zell Kravinsky and Maximum Human Utility

2014

The case of American investor and philanthropist Zell Kravinsky (1956-) presents numerous ethical challenges regarding our social responsibility to others. In 2003, after disbursing the bulk of his forty-five-million-dollar fortune to various charities, Kravinsky made the decision to donate one of his kidneys to an impoverished African-American woman he had met only once. In doing so he courageously saved a life, but also incurred the wrath of his family, friends, and many observers in the media who questioned his sanity. To Kravinsky, however, refusal to donate would have been tantamount to murder, constituting a violation of his belief in ‘maximum human utility’ – a concept that insists o…