Search results for "saatavuus"
showing 10 items of 18 documents
Toxicity of binary mixtures of Cu, Cr and As to the earthworm Eisenia andrei
2020
AbstractChromated copper arsenate (CCA) mixtures were used in the past for wood preservation, leading to large scale soil contamination. This study aimed at contributing to the risk assessment of CCA-contaminated soils by assessing the toxicity of binary mixtures of copper, chromium and arsenic to the earthworm Eisenia andrei in OECD artificial soil. Mixture effects were related to reference models of Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) using the MIXTOX model, with effects being related to total and available (H2O and 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable) concentrations in the soil. Since only in mixtures with arsenic dose-related mortality occurred (LC50 92.5 mg/kg dry soil), it wa…
An uptake and elimination kinetics approach to assess the bioavailability of chromium, copper, and arsenic to earthworms (Eisenia andrei) in contamin…
2019
The aim of this study was to determine the bioavailability of metals in field soils contaminated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) mixtures. The uptake and elimination kinetics of chromium, copper, and arsenic were assessed in the earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to soils from a gradient of CCA wood preservative contamination near Hartola, Finland. In soils contaminated with 1480–1590 mg Cr/kg dry soil, 642–791 mg Cu/kg dry soil, and 850–2810 mg Ag/kg dry soil, uptake and elimination kinetics patterns were similar for Cr and Cu. Both metals were rapidly taken up and rapidly excreted by Eisenia andrei with equilibrium reached within 1 day. The metalloid As, however, showed very slow uptak…
A preliminary study on the ecotoxic potency of wastewater treatment plant sludge combining passive sampling and bioassays.
2021
Highlights • The passive samplers collected bioavail able and bioaccessible chemicals from the WWTP sludge samples. • The sampler extracts were acutely and chronically toxic to water flea. • The sampler extracts were cytotoxic and genotoxic. • The sludge treatment such as composting and digesting diminished the toxicity. • Effect-based methods should be part of the risk assessment of sludge recycling. Sewage sludge is an inevitable byproduct produced in wastewater treatment. Reusing nutrient-rich sludge will diminish the amount of waste ending in soil dumping areas and will promote circular economy. However, during sewage treatment process, several potentially harmful organic chemicals are …
How accurate are teachers and support specialists when judging students' literacy skills? Special educational service as an external factor influenci…
2022
The aim of the study was to examine the accuracy of Estonian teachers' and support specialists' judgements of students' spelling skills and reading fluency and to investigate the provision of special education services to students as a factor influencing teachers' judgements. The sample included 11 classroom teachers, 8 support specialists, and 187 third-grade students. The judgements were collected using scales, and students' literacy skills were assessed using group and individual tests. The results indicated that judgements of reading fluency were less accurate than those of spelling skills. In addition, the provision of special education services influenced teachers' judgements, directi…
Ecotoxicity assessment of boreal lake sediments affected by metal mining: Sediment quality triad approach complemented with metal bioavailability and…
2019
Highlights • Ecological risk assessment of metal-contaminated boreal lakes and sediments. • Sediment Quality Triad complemented with bioavailability and body residue studies. • Toxicity studies for natural sediments with several organisms and endpoints • Adverse effects observed. High variation on results between different methods. • Standard toxicity tests not suitable for testing, too low pH hampers the results. There are several methods for studying metal-contaminated freshwater sediments, but more information is needed on which methods to include in ecological risk assessment. In this study, we compliment the traditional Sediment Quality Triad (SQT) approach – including information on c…
Effects of activated carbon ageing in three PCB contaminated sediments: Sorption efficiency and secondary effects on Lumbriculus variegatus.
2015
The sorption efficiency and possible secondary effects of activated carbon (AC) (o 63-200 μm) was studied with Lumbriculus variegatus in three PCB contaminated sediments applying long AC-sediment contact time (3 years). AC amendment efficiently reduced PCB bioavailability as determined with both, L. variegatus bioaccumulation test and passive samplers. However, dose related secondary effects of AC on egestion rate and biomass were observed (applied doses 0.25% and 2.5% sediment dry weight). The sorption capacity and secondary effects remained similar when the experiments were repeated after three years of AC-sediment contact time. Further, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples reve…
Rinnakkaistallentaminen pähkinänkuoressa
2015
Julkaisun avoimen saatavuus tarkoittaa tieteellisen tiedon vapaata levitystä esteettömästi Internetissä. Tällöin sekä tiedeyhteisöllä että suurella yleisöllä on mahdollisuus lukea, kopioida, tulostaa ja linkittää julkaisua – tietenkin normaalin viitekäytännön rajoissa. (ATT-hanke 2014, 1–4.). Tässä artikkelissa keskitytään julkaisujen avoimuuteen ja erityisesti vihreään avoimuuden linjaan eli rinnakkaistallentamiseen. nonPeerReviewed
User-friendliness of Enermet Oy's technical documentation
2002
Korkean käytettävyyden tekniikoiden hyödyntäminen tehohoidon ja anestesiologian tietojärjestelmissä
2016
Kyselytutkimuksella selvitettiin sitä, onko korkean käytettävyyden teknologioista hyötyä teho- ja anestesiologian tietojärjestelmissä. Erityisesti tutkittiin sitä, vaarantuuko potilaiden turvallisuus tietojärjestelmien avainhenkilöiden mielestä käyttökatkossa, ja jos vaarantuu, niin miten ja millaisia vaaratilanteita syntyy. Lisäksi selvitettiin sitä, kokevatko pääkäyttäjät ja ylläpitäjät nykyiset varajärjestelyt käyttökatkojen osalta riittävinä. Tutkimus selvitti myös teknisiä vaihtoehtoja saatavuuden nostamiseksi ja arvioi niiden kustannuksia ja hyötyjä. Tutkimus osoitti, että vastaajat kokivat nykytilanteen tietojärjestelmän käyttökatkojen osalta tyypillisesti hyvänä. Oli kuitenkin tunni…