Search results for "satu"

showing 10 items of 1367 documents

Biological response of multicellular emt6 spheroids to exogenous lactate

1991

The influence of elevated lactate concentrations, as found in tumor microregions, on cellular growth, viability, and metabolic state was studied employing the multicellular spheroid model. Spheroids of EMT6/Ro cells were cultured at 37 degrees C in 5% or 20% (v/v) oxygen, using stirred media with various concentrations of exogenous lactate ranging from 0.0 mM (standard conditions) to 20.0 mM. Elevated concentrations of exogenous lactate led to a considerable decrease of the maximum spheroid diameter at growth saturation, e.g., for 20% O2 from around 1700 microns to 700 microns in 0.0 and 20.0 mM lactate respectively. Histological investigations showed that the thickness of the viable cell r…

Cancer ResearchCell Survivalchemistry.chemical_elementMammary Neoplasms AnimalSpheroplastsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyOxygenColony-Forming Units AssayMiceOxygen ConsumptionRespirationAnimalsLactic AcidDose-Response Relationship DrugCell growthSpheroidOxygen tensionGlucoseOncologychemistryBiochemistryCell cultureLactatesBiophysicsFemaleLimiting oxygen concentrationSaturation (chemistry)Cell DivisionInternational Journal of Cancer
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Cannabinoid CB1 receptors regulate neuronal TNF-α effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

2011

Abstract Cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1Rs) regulate the neurodegenerative damage of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and of multiple sclerosis (MS). The mechanism by which CB1R stimulation exerts protective effects is still unclear. Here we show that pharmacological activation of CB1Rs dampens the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-mediated potentiation of striatal spontaneous glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), which is believed to cogently contribute to the inflammation-induced neurodegenerative damage observed in EAE mice. Furthermore, mice lacking CB1Rs showed a more severe clinical course and, in parallel, exacerbated alterations of sEPSC duration af…

Cannabinoid receptorEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune ExperimentalPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyExcitotoxicityGlutamic AcidArachidonic AcidsPharmacologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorAmidohydrolasesEtanerceptBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Fatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsDronabinolReceptors AMPA6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-23-dioneMice KnockoutNeuronsEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaNeurodegenerationExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsAnandamidemedicine.diseaseEndocannabinoid systemCorpus StriatumMice Inbred C57BLchemistryImmunoglobulin GImmunologyNerve DegenerationSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleCannabinoidDizocilpine MaleateEndocannabinoidsBrain, behavior, and immunity
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Anomalous size-dependence of interfacial profiles between coexisting phases of polymer mixtures in thin-film geometry: A Monte Carlo simulation

1997

The interfacial profile between coexisting phases of a binary mixture (A,B) in a thin film of thickness D and lateral linear dimensions L depends sensitively on both linear dimensions and on the nature of boundary conditions and statistical ensembles applied. These phenomena generic for systems in confined geometry are demonstrated by Monte-Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetric polymer mixtures. Both the canonical and semi-grand-canonical ensemble are studied. In the canonical ensemble, the interfacial width w increases (from small values which are of the same order as the intrinsic profile) like sqrt{D}, before a crossover to a saturation value w_max (w_max^2 proport…

Canonical ensemblechemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrder (ring theory)Binary numberGeometryPolymerCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterchemistrySoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Boundary value problemPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmSaturation (magnetic)Condensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Canopy chlorophyll content and LAI estimation from Sentine1-2: Vegetation indices and Sentine1-2 Leve1-2A automatic products comparison

2019

The aim of this work is to analyze different methodologies for the estimation of leaf area index (LAI) and canopy chlorophyll content (CCC), using the Sentine1-2 satellite. LAI and CCC are biophysical parameters indicator of crop health state and fundamental in the productivity prediction. The purpose is to define the most optimal LAI and CCC estimation method for operational use in the monitoring of agricultural areas. Moreover, the CCC and LAI automatic products obtained directly through the Sentinel Application Platform Software (SNAP) biophysical processor and Sentine1-2 images by means of an artificial neural network (ANN) are validated. On the other hand, common vegetation indices use…

CanopyDiscrete mathematicsvalidationChlorophyll contentMean squared errorcanopy chlorophyll contentState (functional analysis)VegetationLAIvegetation indicesSaturation (graph theory)Leaf area indexSentinel-2Mathematics
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Gas—liquid chromatographic analyses

1984

Abstract The gas chromatography (GC) of n -alkyl acetates (CH 3 COOR), chloroacetates (CH 2 ClCOOR), dichloroacetates (CHCl 2 COOR) and trichloroacetates (CCl 3 COOR), where the alcohol chain length (R) varied between 1 and 8, and certain of their monochlorinated derivatives, 176 compounds altogether, has been studied on SE-30 and OV-351 glass capillary columns under the same operating conditions. The isomeric monochlorinated esters are eluted in direct order from the 1- chloro to the ω-chloro isomer, the separation of the isomers being complete on OV- 351. On SE-30, however, the peaks of the 6- and 7-chlorooctyl esters are partly overlapped. The separation of the mixtures of odd- and e…

Capillary actionAnalytical chemistryAlcoholFormyl groupAldehydeBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCapillary columnStraight chainpolycyclic compoundsStructural isomerOrganic chemistryMethyleneBenzoic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationPrimary (chemistry)General MedicineCapillary gas chromatographyBoiling pointChromatographic separationSalicylaldehydeNitrobenzoatesPolarlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Aliphatic compoundResolution (mass spectrometry)Polarity (physics)Carboxylic acidchemistry.chemical_elementBranching (polymer chemistry)Isothermal processTurn (biochemistry)ChlorinePhenolsQuartzAlkylTetradecaneChlorophenolDegree of unsaturationChromatographyGeminalElutionOrganic ChemistryChloroacetatesComplete resolutionReverse orderChain lengthchemistryChlorobenzeneFunctional groupNitroKovats retention indexNon polarGas chromatographyVicinalGas liquid chromatographicJournal of Chromatography A
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Der O2-Austausch zwischen Capillaren und Gewebe I. O2-Konzentrationsprofile in Blutcapillaren und deren Umgebung

1968

The differential equations valid for technical heat exchangers can also describe the O2 exchange in the blood capillaries and the exchange of molecules like THO and acetamid in the renal tubules. Differences in the boundary conditions occur, however. Hence, these differential equations were resolved for the corresponding boundary conditions. The results permit us to conclude that the concentration profiles occurring in the capillaries and renal tubules, as a result of diffusion in the capillary cross-section, can, generally speaking, be disregarded for the following reason: Although the differences in partial pressure between the capillary wall and capillary centre, at the beginning of the …

Capillary lengthCapillary actionChemistryContact timeTime constantAnalytical chemistryGeneral MedicineBoundary value problemPartial pressureSaturation (chemistry)Kybernetik
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Biochemical hepatic alterations and body lipid composition in the herbivorous grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed high-fat diets.

2006

High-fat diets may have favourable effects on growth of some carnivorous fish because of the protein-sparing effect of lipids, but high-fat diets also exert some negative impacts on flesh quality. The goal of the study was therefore to determine the effects of fat-enriched diets in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) as a typical herbivorous fish on growth and possible lipid metabolism alterations. Three isonitrogenous diets containing 2, 6 or 10% of a mixture of lard, maize oil and fish oil (1:1:1, by weight) were applied to fish for 8 weeks in a recirculation system. Data show that feeding diets with increasing lipid levels resulted in lowered feed intake, decreased growth and f…

CarpsDietary lipidFisheriesMedicine (miscellaneous)BiologyFeed conversion ratioLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundAnimalsFood scienceBeta oxidationTriglycerideschemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsFatty AcidsLipid metabolismbiology.organism_classificationFish oilDietary FatsLipidsGrass carpDietCholesterolBiochemistrychemistryLiverBody CompositionAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaLipid PeroxidationPolyunsaturated fatty acidThe British journal of nutrition
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Inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 expression induces CHOP-dependent cell death in human cancer cells.

2010

Background Cancer cells present a sustained de novo fatty acid synthesis with an increase of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) production. This change in fatty acid metabolism is associated with overexpression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), which catalyses the transformation of saturated fatty acids into monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid). Several reports demonstrated that inhibition of Scd1 led to the blocking of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. Nevertheless, mechanisms of cell death activation remain to be better understood. Principal Findings In this study, we demonstrated that Scd1 extinction by siRNA triggered abolition of de nov…

Cell SurvivalEukaryotic Initiation Factor-2lcsh:MedicineApoptosisCHOPBiologyCell Biology/Cell SignalingCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorNeoplasmsHumansRNA Small Interferinglcsh:ScienceEndoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiPFatty acid synthesisHeat-Shock ProteinsCell ProliferationTranscription Factor CHOPMultidisciplinaryFatty acid metabolismCell DeathCell growthFatty Acidslcsh:RCell Biology/Cellular Death and Stress ResponsesMolecular biologyCell biologychemistryOncologyApoptosisCancer celllipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)lcsh:QStearoyl-CoA desaturase-1Stearoyl-CoA DesaturaseTranscription Factor CHOPResearch ArticleOleic AcidPLoS ONE
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Experimental investigation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) nucleation

1999

Due to the importance of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) in cement chemistry, its nucleation mode and parameters influencing it were investigated. It has been observed that the C-S-H nucleation follows the general laws governing the nucleation. The degree of supersaturation has been found to be the main parameter controlling homogeneous nucleation rates. The lime concentration in solution, well known to be the most important parameter determining the kinetic, morphological and structural features of C-S-H, also controls the nucleation characteristics of heterogeneous nucleation, i.e. during hydration of cement. The correlation between heterogeneous nucleation of C-S-H and possible final me…

CementSupersaturationInorganic chemistryNucleationThermodynamicsengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsKinetic energyInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCalcium silicateMaterials ChemistryengineeringCalcium silicate hydrateHydrateLimeJournal of Crystal Growth
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Saturated Solutions of Anhydrous Phases in the System Lime-Silica-Water: Example of beta-C2S

1990

Saturated solutions rerely form when the anhydrous constituents of aluminous and portland cement are stirred in water or in lime solutions of increasing concentrations. Apart from monocalcium aluminate, concentration of ions in solution cannot exceed maximum supersaturation with respect to the hydrate most likely to precipitate. The present work shows such a behavior for β-C2S suspended in water and in lime solutions at low concentration. In more concentrated lime solutions, a short lifetime saturation state with respect to β-C2S seems to be reached.

CementSupersaturationMaterials scienceMineralogyengineering.materiallaw.inventionPortland cementchemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringchemistrylawMonocalcium aluminateMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesengineeringAnhydrousHydrateSaturation (chemistry)LimeJournal of the American Ceramic Society
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