Search results for "saturated fat"
showing 10 items of 333 documents
Cultivation and biochemical characterization of isolated Sicilian microalgal species in salt and temperature stress conditions
2021
Abstract In the last years, the possibility to exploit autochthone microalgae in regional applications has been explored. The regional-based microalgal industry may bring several benefits, as autochthone microalgae are already adapted to the biotic and abiotic stresses of their environment. In this work, this concept was applied to Sicily, in which three microalgal strains were collected from the coastline. Monoalgal strains were then isolated and molecular characterization was performed for the species determination. Three of them, two strains of Chlorella and one of Dunaliella, were cultivated in lab-scale in four different conditions: Low Temperature-Low Salt (LT-LS), High-Temperature-Lo…
8-HYDROXY-2'DEOXYGUANOSINE LEVELS AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN RAT LIVER FED WITH OLIVE AND CORN OIL DIETS: EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID SUPPLEMENATION
2001
DNA damage and antioxidants status were determined in liver of rat fed with olive and corn oil diets with and without ascorbic acid supplementation. In order to elucidate the role of fat intake, the study included a control and hyperlipidic diet. Liver antioxidant activities were significantly influenced by dietary fat and intake levels. In general, control groups fed with corn oil diets exhibited reduced liver antioxidant (SOD, catalase, and GSH-PX) and GSH levels compared with rats fed on olive oil diets. These activities were lower in rats consuming hyperlipidic diets relative to the control groups. Ascorbic acid supplementation resulted in a slight decrease of antioxidant activities bot…
High Plasma Concentration of Non-Esterified Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is a Specific Feature of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
2020
Background: The pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is frequently associated with an uncontrolled inflammatory response. Severe forms of COVID-19 appear to be more frequent in obese patients, but an association with metabolic disorders is not established. Here, we focused on lipoprotein metabolism in patients hospitalized for severe pneumonia, depending on COVID-19 status. Methods: Thirty-four non-COVID-19 and 27 COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia were enrolled. Most of them required intensive care. Plasma lipid levels, lipoprotein metabolism, and clinical and biological features were assessed. Findings: Despite similar initial metabolic comorbidities and respiratory severity, COVID-19 pat…
Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder
2011
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic affective disorder, associated with significant disability, morbidity and premature mortality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play several important roles in brain development and functioning. Evidence from animal models of dietary omega-3 (n-3) PUFA deficiency suggest that these fatty acids are relevant to promote brain development and to regulate behavioral and neurochemical aspects related to mood disorders, such as stress responses, depression and aggression, as well as dopaminergic content and function. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests roles for PUFAs in BD. n-3 PUFAs seem to be an effective adjunctive treatment for unip…
Different metabolic behavior of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human platelets.
1988
Abstract Whereas numerous studies deal with the effects and metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5( n −3)) in platelets, very few concern docosahexaenoic acid (22:6( n −3)), although both acids are consumed in equal amounts from most fish fat. The present paper reports the modulation of 22:6( n −3) oxygenation as well as that of endogenous arachidonic acid (20:4( n −6)) in 22:6( n −3)-rich platelets. Like the oxygenation of 20:5( n −3), the lipoxygenation of 22:6( n −3) occurred at a low level when incubated alone, but was markedly increased in the presence of 20:4( n −6), suggesting a similar peroxide tone dependency. 20:5( n −3) could not replace 20:4( n −6) in the increasing 22:6( n −…
Hypertriglyceridemia and Omega-3 Fatty Acids
1988
Recent studies by Bang and Dyerberg (1) have stimulated interest in the metabolism of omega-3 fatty acids and have suggested a link between the ingestion of these fatty acids in a diet and the low death rate from athersclerotic disease in Eskimos. In Japan, where fish consumption has traditionally been high, a concommitant shift in tissue lipid consumption favouring omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been interpreted as causative of a relatively low incidence of cardiovascular disease (1). When analyzing Eskimo food consumption, it became clear that the consumption of omega-3 PUFA is much higher besides a 50% reduction of saturated fat and a relatively high content of monounsaturated f…
Intramuscular fatty acid composition of lambs given a tanniniferous diet with or without polyethylene glycol supplementation.
2007
The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects that dietary tannins have on lamb intramuscular fatty acids. Twenty-seven lambs were divided into three homogeneous groups: control group, receiving commercial concentrate based on maize; tannin group, fed a diet based on carob pulp (45% as fed basis); PEG group, receiving the same diet as the latter with addition of 42g/kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG, a binding agent that eliminates the effects of condensed tannins). The duration of the trial was 45 d. Intramuscular fatty acids were measured in the longissimus dorsi muscle. The isomer cis-9 trans-11 of linoleic acid (conjugated linoleic acid or CLA) and linolenic acid were higher in the …
The relationship between feed intake behaviour with intramuscular fat, cholesterol and fatty acid composition in pork
2011
The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic relationship between feed intake (FI) characteristics with intramuscular fat, cholesterol and fatty acid composition in pork. Data were available on 202 Duroc barrows. Intramuscular fatness was positively correlated with a higher percentage of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), a lower percentage of polyunsaturated (PUFA), omega-3 (ω3) and omega-6 (ω6) fatty acids, and a lower ω6/ω3 and P:S ratio (p < 0.05). Faster growth resulted in a higher level of SFA and a lower level of ω3 fatty acids (p < 0.05). Increased FI, residual feed intake (RFI) and feed intake time (TIME) and a decreased feed intake frequency (FREQ) …
Determination of sterols, oxysterols, and fatty acids of phospholipids in cells and lipoproteins: A one-sample method
1998
In addition to fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated species, cholesterol oxidizes and leads to various oxygenated derivatives, named oxysterols. They display a wide range of adverse biological properties. Monitoring oxysterols is important in the evaluation of the potential risks associated with lipid oxidation. In the present study, a quick and reliable method was developed for analysis of oxysterols, sterols, and fatty acid composition of phospholipids in the same biological sample. Total lipid extraction was determined after addition of several internal standards (epicoprostanol for sterols, 19-hydroxy-cholesterol for oxysterol and di-heptadecanoyl-phosphatidylcholine for phospholipid…
Distribution of Δ5-olefinic acids in the triacylglycerols fromPinus koraiensisandPinus pinasterseed oils
1996
Purified triacylglycerols (TAG) fromPinus koraiensis andP. pinaster seed oils, which are interesting and commercially available sources of Δ5-olefinic acids (i.e.,cis-5,cis-9,cis-12 18:3 andcis-5,cis-11,cis-14 20:3 acids) were fractionated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and each fraction was examined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography for its fatty acid composition. A structure could be assigned to more than 92% of TAG from both oils. In both instances, ca. 48% of the TAG were shown to contain at least one δ5-olefinic acid. In the great majority of TAG, our data showed that there is only one molecule of δ5-olefinic acid per molecule of TAG. This is compatible …