Search results for "saturation"
showing 10 items of 478 documents
Internal-variable constitutive model for rate-independent plasticity with hardening saturation surface
1998
An elastic-plastic material model with internal variables and thermodynamic potential, not admitting hardening states out of a saturation surface, is presented. The existence of such a saturation surface in the internal variables space — a consequence of the boundedness of the energy that can be stored in the material's internal micro-structure — encompasses, in case of general kinematic/isotropic hardening, a one-parameter family of envelope surfaces in the stress space, which in turn is enveloped by a limit surface. In contrast to a multi-surface model, noad hoc rules are required to avoid the intersection between the yield and bounding/envelope surface. The flow laws of the proposed mode…
Long‐Term Durum Wheat‐Based Cropping Systems Result in the Rapid Saturation of Soil Carbon in the Mediterranean Semi‐arid Environment
2016
Climate, soil physical–chemical characteristics, land management, and carbon (C) input from crop residues greatly affect soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. According to the concept of SOC saturation, the ability of SOC to increase with C input decreases as SOC increases and approaches a SOC saturation level. In a 12-year experiment, six semi-arid cropping systems characterized by different rates of C input to soil were compared for ability to sequester SOC, SOC saturation level, and the time necessary to reach the SOC saturation level. SOC stocks, soil aggregate sizes, and C inputs were measured in durum wheat monocropping with (Ws) and without (W) return of aboveground residue to the…
Domain Wall Spin Structures in Mesoscopic Fe Rings probed by High Resolution SEMPA
2016
We present a combined theoretical and experimental study of the energetic stability and accessibility of different domain wall spin configurations in mesoscopic magnetic iron rings. The evolution is investigated as a function of the width and thickness in a regime of relevance to devices, while Fe is chosen as a material due to its simple growth in combination with attractive magnetic properties including high saturation magnetization and low intrinsic anisotropy. Micromagnetic simulations are performed to predict the lowest energy states of the domain walls, which can be either the transverse or vortex wall spin structure, in good agreement with analytical models, with further simulations …
Water retention behaviour and microstructural evolution of MX-80 bentonite during wetting and drying cycles
2014
MX-80 bentonite used in engineered barrier systems would be subjected to wetting and drying cycles. To assess the response of the material under such circumstances, a comprehensive experimental characterisation of the water retention behaviour of compacted MX-80 granular bentonite was performed in this study. A new methodology is proposed to investigate this behaviour under a constant volume condition for specimens prepared at different dry densities. The material was subjected to different hydraulic paths, including cyclic variations of the water content. As a result, an irreversible modification of the retention behaviour was observed when the material approached a fully saturated state …
An Experimental Toolbox for Structure‐Based Hit Discovery for P. aeruginosa FabF, a Promising Target for Antibiotics
2021
Abstract FabF (3‐oxoacyl‐[acyl‐carrier‐protein] synthase 2), which catalyses the rate limiting condensation reaction in the fatty acid synthesis II pathway, is an attractive target for new antibiotics. Here, we focus on FabF from P. aeruginosa (PaFabF) as antibiotics against this pathogen are urgently needed. To facilitate exploration of this target we have set up an experimental toolbox consisting of binding assays using bio‐layer interferometry (BLI) as well as saturation transfer difference (STD) and WaterLOGSY NMR in addition to robust conditions for structure determination. The suitability of the toolbox to support structure‐based design of FabF inhibitors was demonstrated through the …
Evaluation of drug-polymer solubility curves through formal statistical analysis: comparison of preparation techniques.
2014
ABSTRACT: In this study, the influence of the preparation technique (ball milling, spray drying, and film casting) of a supersaturated amorphous dispersion on the quality of solubility determinations of indomethacin in polyvinylpyrrolidone was investigated by means of statistical analysis. After annealing of the amorphous dispersions above the crystallization temperature for 2 h, the solubility curve was derived from the glass transition temperature of the demixed material using the Gordon–Taylor relationship and fitting with the Flory–Huggins model. The study showed that the predicted solubility from the ball-milled mixtures was not consistent with those from spray drying and film casting,…
Saturation and coherence effects in the modified KGBJS equation
2013
We solve the modified non-linear extension of the CCFM equati on KGBJS equation numerically for certain initial conditions and compare the resulting gl uon Green functions with those obtained from solving the original CCFM equation and the BFKL and BK equations for the same initial conditions. We improve the low transversal momentum behaviour of the KGBJS equation by a small modification.
Halloysite Nanotube with Fluorinated Lumen: Non-Foaming Nanocontainer for Storage and Controlled Release of Oxygen in Aqueous Media
2014
Halloysite clay nanotubes were selectivity modified by adsorbing perfluoroalkylated anionic surfactants at the inner surface. The modified nanotubes formed kinetically stable dispersions due to the enhanced electrostatic repulsions exercised between the particles. We proved that the modified nanotubes can be used as non-foaming oxygen nanocontainers in aqueous media. The gas release from supersaturated dispersions can be controlled by external stimuli and system composition. In conclusion, we managed to put forward an easy strategy to develop smart materials from natural nanoclays, which can endow important applications like the storage and delivery of gas.
Self-Heating Induced Instability of a Non-Linear Inductor in a SMPS: a Case Study
2023
This paper proposes a case study to show that the non-linear operation of a power inductor in a SMPS can induce instability of the control system leading to overheating of the inductor beyond its allowable temperature and to an excessive peak of the maximum current. The case study is performed by a commercial ferrite inductor employed in a synchronous boost converter encompassing a control system to adjust the duty cycle, assuring a constant output voltage. The thermal transient is described by the time domain waveforms and thermal images.
The importance of kinematic twists and genuine saturation effects in dijet production at the Electron-Ion Collider
2021
We compute the differential yield for quark anti-quark dijet production in high-energy electron-proton and electron-nucleus collisions at small $x$ as a function of the relative momentum $\boldsymbol{P}_\perp$ and momentum imbalance $\boldsymbol{k}_\perp$ of the dijet system for different photon virtualities $Q^2$, and study the elliptic and quadrangular anisotropies in the relative angle between $\boldsymbol{P}_\perp$ and $\boldsymbol{k}_\perp$. We review and extend the analysis in [1], which compared the results of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) with those obtained using the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) framework. In particular, we include in our comparison the improved TMD (ITMD…