Search results for "scaffold"

Micro - Architectural Data Extraction for Electrospun Poly (Ester Urethane) Urea Scaffolds for Biomechanical Modeling.

2009

Problem: Soft tissue engineered applications have raised the need for accurate descriptions of tissue microstructure and their contributions to global mechanical behavior [1]. Accurate material image analysis is crucial to model engineered tissue biomechanics. The present study proposes a novel method to automatically collect micro-architectural data from electron micrographs (SEM) of electrospun poly (ester urethane) urea (PEUU). Methods: Sets of contiguous SEM images for electrospun PEUU scaffolds made using three mandrel collection tangential velocities (1.5, 4.5, 9.0 m/s) were analyzed. A combination of thresholding and morphological procedures enabled overlaps of fibers to be detected.…

A new scaffold-bacteria-based system for bioremediation of oil contaminated water

2015

Bioremediation is a promising non-invasive and cost-effective technology that uses (micro)organisms to degrade or remove hazardous environmental pollutants. New methods are needed to enhance and optimize natural biodegradation, such as the use of carrier materials that could improve survival and catalytic activity of the biodegraders. In this study, we developed a bioremediation system based on a new 3D polycaprolactone-based scaffold and hydrocarbon(HC)-degrading bacteria to clean (sea)water contaminated by crude oil and its derivatives. Scaffold biopolymers are biodegradable, produced in the melt, i.e. at low cost and without the use of toxic solvents. They can be available in large quant…

Image processing techniques for the analysis of the micro-architecture of three-dimensional porous scaffolds

2011

Tubular composite scaffolds produced via Diffusion Induced Phase Separation (DIPS) as a shaping strategy for anterior cruciate ligaments reconstructi…

Injuries of tendons and ligaments are common, especially among the young population. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries do not heal due to its limited vascularization and hence, surgical intervention is usually required. The ideal scaffold for ligament tissue engineering (TE) should be biocompatible and possess mechanical and functional characteristics comparable to the native ACL. The Diffusion Induced Phase Separation (DIPS) technique allows the preparation of homogenous porous tubular scaffold with micro-pores using a rather simple procedure. Composites based on biodegradable polymers and bioglass have attracted much attention in tissue reconstruction and repair because of their b…

Poly lactic acid based foams prepared via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS): A method to tune the crystallinity

2012

Blends of Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) with two Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) in different proportions (90/10 and 70/30) were utilized in order to produce biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolds for soft tissue engineering applications. The scaffolds were produced via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) starting from ternary systems where dioxane was the solvent and water the non-solvent. Morphology was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (average pore size and interconnection). Moreover a DSC analysis was carried out on the as-obtained scaffold in order to obtain information about theirs thermal properties (enthalpy of melt and crystallization). The results showed that is possible to p…

Poly-left-lactic acid tubular scaffolds via diffusion induced phase separation: Control of morphology

2013

n this work, tubular poly-left-lactic acid scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering applications were produced by an innovative two-step method. The scaffolds were obtained by performing a dip-coating around a nylon fiber, followed by a diffusion induced phase separation process. Morphological analysis revealed that the internal lumen of the as-obtained scaffold is equal to the diameter of the fiber utilized; the internal surface is homogeneous with micropores 1–2 μm large. Moreover, a porous open structure was detected across the thickness of the walls of the scaffold. An accurate analysis of the preparation process revealed that it is possible to tune up the morphology of the scaffold (w…

Polylactide biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering applications phase separation-based techniques

2011

One of the most reliable techniques for the preparation of biodegradable scaffoldssuitable for tissue engineering applications (e.g. regeneration of wounded/damagedtissues) is based on liquid/liquid phase separation of ternary solvent/antisolvent/polymersolutions. In particular, two phase separation protocols are examined here: ThermallyInduced Phase Separation (TIPS) and Diffusion Induces Phase Separation (DIPS). According to the former protocol, a thermodynamically stable polymeric ternarysolution is brought below its metastability/instability point (spinodal/binodal curve) byquench in a cooling medium: under opportune conditions, a foam-like structure is formedby nucleation and 3-D growt…

Migration of brain capillary endothelial cells inside poly (lactic acid) 3D scaffolds

2017

The brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) form the blood brain barrier (BBB) under the effects of the brain microenvironment. BCECs are sealed together by tight junctions (TJs) that are responsible for the barrier phenotype. In these junctions, molecules such as JAM (junctional adhesion molecules), occludin and claudins are present. Threedimensional scaffolds are used to grow cells in order to obtain in vitro engineered tissues. On the base of these considerations, the aim of this work was to understand whether the endothelial cells were able to grow and survive on a new three-dimensional structure. If yes, indeed, this system could be further enriched and used to set a three-dimensiona…

Patent number RM2009A000073: Procedimento di preparazione di scaffold polimerici preangiogenizzati

2009

Classe proposta A61F - Filtri da inserire nei vasi sanguigni; protesi; apparecchi ortopedici e curativi per contraccezione; fomentazione; trattamento o protezione degli occhi e delle orecchie; bendaggi, garze per medicazioni e assorbenti; necessario per il pronto soccorso

Tubular scaffold for vascular tissue engineering application

2010

A critical obstacle in tissue engineering is the inability to maintain large masses of living cells upon transfer from the in vitro culture conditions into the host in vivo. Capillaries, and the vascular system, are required to supply essential nutrients, including oxygen, remove waste products and provide a biochemical communication “highway”. Another goal in this research field is the possibility to tune the biodegradability of the scaffold. After implantation, the scaffold has to be gradually replaced by cells and extra cellular matrix and it is crucial that this replacement takes place with an appropriate dynamics. A premature degradation, in fact, could lead to a collapse of the struct…