Search results for "scale"
showing 10 items of 5180 documents
Alcohol and Cannabis Intake in Nursing Students
2019
Background and objectives: Drug misuse among young people has become a major worldwide health concern. The present study analyzes substance misuse and its social and personal consequences in young university students. Materials and Methods: Screening of alcohol misuse was based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), while screening of substance-related risks and problems was performed with the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) score. Results: The population was composed of nursing students at the University of Valencia (Valencia, Spain) (n = 185). More than 50% of the surveyed students reported alcohol intake based on the CRAFFT scale
Prevalence of bullying victimisation amongst first-episode psychosis patients and unaffected controls
2013
Background—Despite increasing evidence suggesting that childhood maltreatment is significantly associated with psychosis, the specific role of bullying in the onset of psychotic disorders is still unclear. This study aimed to examine whether bullying was more prevalent amongst individuals presenting to services for the first time with a psychotic disorder than in unaffected community controls. Methods—Data on exposure to bullying, psychotic symptoms, cannabis use and history of conduct disorder were collected cross-sectionally from 222 first-presentation psychosis cases and 215 geographically-matched controls. Bullying victimisation was assessed retrospectively as part of the Brief Life Eve…
Development of two short measures for recovery and stress in sport.
2017
The Acute Recovery and Stress Scale (ARSS) and the Short Recovery and Stress Scale were first established in German for the purposes of monitoring athletes’ current recovery-stress states in an economical and multidimensional manner. The aim of this paper is to document the development and initial validation of the English versions of these two psychometric monitoring tools. A total of 267 English-speaking athletes from a variety of team and individual sports participated in the study. The English versions demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency for both instruments (Cronbach \(\alpha\) of .74–.89). Furthermore, good model fit was found for the eight scales of the ARSS, matching the …
Personal stigma and use of mental health services among people with depression in a general population in Finland
2011
Abstract Background A minority of people suffering from depression seek professional help for themselves. Stigmatizing attitudes are assumed to be one of the major barriers to help seeking but there is only limited evidence of this in large general population data sets. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between mental health attitude statements and depression and their links to actual use of mental health services among those with depression. Methods We used a large cross-sectional data set from a Finnish population survey (N = 5160). Attitudes were measured by scales which measured the belief that people with depression are responsible for their illness and their recove…
The influence of surgical experience on the rate of intraoperative aneurysm repture and its impact on aneurysm treatment outcome.
2001
Abstract BACKGROUND The influence of surgical experience on the result of aneurysm surgery remains unclear. To determine the impact of surgical experience we considered the occurrence of intraoperative aneurysm rupture (IAR) during microneurosurgery for intracranial aneurysms as an objective factor that could be evaluated. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 379 consecutive patients with 490 cerebral aneurysms operated upon from 1989 to 1995. RESULTS IAR occurred in 6.7% of aneurysms and 8.7% of patients. There was a direct inverse relationship between the annual caseload of the surgeon and the risk of IAR. New neurological deficits (NND) occurred in 21% of patients with IAR, whi…
Vertebro-Basilar Junction Aneurysms: A Single Centre Experience and Meta-Analysis of Endovascular Treatments
2014
Vascular lesions of the vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) are challenging in neurosurgical practice, and their gold-standard therapy is still under debate. We describe the operative strategies currently in use for the management of these complex vascular lesions and discuss their rationale in a literature meta-analysis and single centre blinded retrospective study. The single centre study included a review of initial presentation, angiographic features and clinical outcome (with modified Rankin Scale [mRS] scores) over a long-term follow-up. In our series, small aneurysms were effectively treated by endosaccular coil embolization, whereas a strategy including flow-diverter devices combined wi…
Web-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Depressive Symptoms With Minimal Support : A Randomized Controlled Trial
2015
Low-intensity interventions for people suffering from depressive symptoms are highly desirable. The aim of the present study was to investigate the outcomes of a web-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)–based intervention without face-to-face contact for people suffering from depressive symptoms. Participants ( N = 39) with depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to an Internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy (iACT) intervention or a waiting list control condition (WLC). Participants were evaluated with standardized self-reporting measures (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI-II], Symptom Checklist–90 [SCL-90], Acceptance and Action Questionnaire [AAQ-2], Five Facet Mind…
Efficacy of naproxen with or without esomeprazole for pain and inflammation in patients after bilateral third molar extractions: a double blinded cro…
2017
Background Using a double-blinded randomized crossover design, this study aimed to evaluate acute postoperative pain management, swelling and trismus in 46 volunteers undergoing extractions of the two lower third molars, in similar positions, at two different appointments who consumed a tablet of either NE (naproxen 500 mg + esomepraz ole 20 mg) or only naproxen (500 mg) every 12 hours for 4 days. Material and Methods Parameters were analyzed: self-reported pain intensity using a visual analog scale (VAS) pre- and postoperative mouth opening; incidence, type and severity of adverse reactions; total quantity consumed of rescue medication; and pre- and postoperative swelling. Results Female v…
Evaluation of Kharma scale as a predictor of lower third molar extraction difficulty
2017
Background The Evaluation of the degree of lower third molar (L3M) extraction difficulty is extremely important for both clinicians and patients. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of a new index (Kharma scale) as a preoperative predictor index of the difficulty of surgical removal of impacted L3M. Material and Methods Extraction difficulty of a series of 49-impacted L3M was predicted preoperatively by Kharma scale, and postoperative difficulty was assessed with a modified Parant scale. Results The sensitivity of Kharma scale, as a predictor of difficulty, was 18.2% and the specificity was 68.4%. Likelihood ratios for the Kharma categories also indicated that the scale is of little v…
Influence of state anxiety and trate anxiety in postoperative in oral surgery
2014
Introduction: The aim of this article was to study the influence of anxiety (both state and trait) in postoperative recovery after extraction of third molar together, to establish the role of each of the aspects of anxiety in the results you obtained in an independent and complementary way. Material and Methods: We performed a prospective study of a consecutive series of 88 patients who underwent lower third molar extractions. Before being provided with any information about the operation, patients were asked to complete the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait and State. We have evaluated postoperative swelling and pain, patients completed a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) at…