Search results for "scatter"

showing 10 items of 8475 documents

A study of hydrothermal convection in saturated porous media

1993

Abstract Because of its relevance to many geological and technical problems, hydrothermal convection is investigated here mainly with the aid of numerical models by a systematic analysis of the properties of this type of convection for a range of super-critical Rayleigh numbers. Calculations were performed for two-dimensional models with constant properties in a region of aspect ratio 2. The principal results in the case of temperature fixed at the impermeable top and bottom are the following for the Nusselt number Nu, the cell aspect ratio a, and the boundary layer thickness δ: Nu ≈ 1.7 R0.5, a ≈ 1.3 R−0.4, δc ≈ 0.4 R−0.4 for 2.5 R = R f /R f ∗ and Rf and R f ∗ are the ambient and critical…

ConvectionThermodynamicsFunction (mathematics)Rayleigh numberBoundary layer thicknessNusselt numberPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeGeophysicsThermal conductivityHeat fluxsymbolsRayleigh scatteringGeologyEarth-Surface ProcessesTectonophysics
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Vibrational properties of 1D- and 3D polynuclear spin crossover Fe(II) urea-triazoles polymer chains and quantification of intrachain cooperativity

2020

Abstract The vibrational dynamics of the iron centres in 1D and 3D spin crossover Fe(II) 4-alkyl-urea triazole chains have been investigated by synchrotron based nuclear inelastic scattering. For the 1D system, the partial density of phonon states has been modelled with density functional theory methods. Furthermore, spin dependent iron ligand distances and vibrational modes were obtained. The previously introduced intramolecular cooperativity parameter H coop (Rackwitz et al, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 15450) has been determined to −31 kJ mol−1 for [Fe(n-Prtrzu)3(tosylate)2] and to +27 kJ mol−1 for [Fe(n-Prtrzu)3(BF4)2]. The change of sign in H coop is in line with the incomplete an…

Coordination sphereMaterials scienceSpin statesSpin transitionCooperativity02 engineering and technologyInelastic scattering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesCrystallographySpin crossoverIntramolecular force0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theory010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Plasmon de surface de particules métalliques toroïdales

2006

This thesis deals with the optical properties of small metal torii. A method of resolution of the equation of Laplace in toroidal coordinates is introduced and the radiative properties of the metal toric nanoparticules are studied within the electrostatic framework. The study on the eigenmodes spatial distribution suggests that metal nanotorus can carry a non-zero magnetic dipole moment at optical frequencies. Analytical expressions for the extinction and scattering cross sections of the torus are also found and compared with numerical simulations and experimental results obtained with collaborations. The sensitivity of the plasmon frequency to the refraction index of the external medium an…

Coordonnées toroïdalesPlasmon de surfaceextinctiondipôle magnétiqueNon-retarded approximationtenseur de Green[PHYS.MPHY] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]TorusScatteringModes propresDiffusionGreen dyadic methodSurface plasmonabsoptionApproximation non retardéedipôle électrique[ PHYS.MPHY ] Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Eigenmode
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A wideband car-to-car channel model based on a geometrical semicircular tunnel scattering model

2013

In this paper, we present a wideband single-input single-output (SISO) car-to-car (C2C) channel model based on a geometrical semicircular tunnel (SCT) scattering model. Starting from the geometrical scattering model, a reference channel model is derived under the assumption of single-bounce scattering in line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) propagation environments. In the proposed channel model, it is assumed that an infinite number of scatterers are uniformly distributed on the tunnel wall. Starting from the geometrical scattering model, the time-variant transfer function (TVTF) is derived and its correlation properties are studied. Expressions are presented for the two-dimensional (2D)…

Correlation function (statistical mechanics)Computer sciencebusiness.industryScatteringMultiple integralAutocorrelationMathematical analysisWidebandTelecommunicationsbusinessTransfer function2013 IEEE 24th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)
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Surface-directed spinodal decomposition in a thin-film geometry: A computer simulation

1994

The phase separation kinetics of a two-dimensional binary mixture at critical composition confined between (one-dimensional) straight walls which preferentially attract one component of the mixture is studied for a wide range of distancesD between the walls. Following earlier related work on semiinfinite systems, two choices of surface forces at the walls are considered, one corresponding to an incompletely wet state of the walls, the other to a completely wet state (forD→∞). The nonlinear Cahn-Hilliard-type equation, supplemented with appropriate boundary conditions which account for the presence of surfaces, is replaced by a discrete equivalent and integrated numerically. Starting from a …

Correlation function (statistical mechanics)Materials scienceCharacteristic lengthScatteringSpinodal decompositionSurface forceStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsGeometryBoundary value problemStructure factorScalingMathematical PhysicsJournal of Statistical Physics
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Time-Dependent Correlation and Response Functions

2014

The dynamics of liquids is discussed with the help of time-dependent correlation functions. They are related to response functions by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This theorem enables to relate experimentally measured inelastic scattering data to the Fourier-transformed correlation and response functions. The Laplace transform of the correlation functions can be represented as a continuous fraction with suitable residual terms (memory functions). The projection formalism of Mori and Zwanzig is introduced.

CorrelationPhysicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Laplace transformMathematical analysisMemory functionsInelastic scatteringResidual
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Poor-Contrast Particle Image Processing in Microscale Mixing

2010

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) often employs the cross-correlation function to identify average particle displacement in an interrogation window. The quality of correlation peak has a strong dependence on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or contrast of the particle images. In fact, variable-contrast particle images are not uncommon in the PIV community: Strong light sheet intensity variations, wall reflections, multiple scattering in densely-seeded regions and two-phase flow applications are likely sources of local contrast variations. In this paper, we choose an image pair obtained in a micro-scale mixing experiment with severe local contrast gradients. In regions where image contrast is…

CorrelationPhysicsOpticsDifference of GaussiansParticle image velocimetryScatteringbusiness.industryNormalization (image processing)Image processingParticle displacementbusinessMicroscale chemistryASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Volume 5
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A search for light dark matter in XENON10 data

2011

We report results of a search for light (3.5x10^{-42} cm^2, for a dark matter particle mass m_{\chi}=8 GeV. We find that our data strongly constrain recent elastic dark matter interpretations of excess low-energy events observed by CoGeNT and CRESST-II, as well as the DAMA annual modulation signal.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)LightDark matterGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronsElementary particleElectron01 natural sciencesParticle detectorHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesHumansScattering Radiation010306 general physicsLight dark matterNuclear PhysicsPhysicsPhotons010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringFermionBaryonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyData Interpretation StatisticalCosmic RadiationAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Nuclear Spin Relaxation in Viscous Liquids: Relaxation Stretching of Single-Particle Probes

2021

Spin-lattice relaxation rates R1(ω,T), probed via high-field and field-cycling nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), are used to test the validity of frequency-temperature superposition (FTS) for the reorientation dynamics in viscous liquids. For several liquids, FTS is found to apply so that master curves can be generated. The susceptibility spectra are highly similar to those obtained from depolarized light scattering (DLS) and reveal an excess wing. Where FTS works, two approaches are suggested to access the susceptibility: (i) a plot of deuteron R1(T) vs the spin-spin relaxation rate R2(T) and (ii) a plot of R1(T) vs an independently measured reference time τref(T). Using single-frequency s…

Coupling constantCouplingHot TemperatureMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMaterials scienceViscosityTemperatureViscous liquidMagnetic Resonance ImagingMolecular physicsLight scatteringSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsSuperposition principleDeuteriumMaterials ChemistryRelaxation (physics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Polarizability of the neutron

1990

Abstract A first measurement of quasi-free Compton scattering by the neutron bound in the deuteron has yielded a value for the polarizability of the neutron of αn=(11.7 −11.7+4.3)×10 −4fm 3. This means that a finite value for the polarizability has been obtained, though the result is still consistent with zero. The π0 decay constant Fπ 0γγ and the pion nucleon coupling constant gNNπ have opposite signs.

Coupling constantPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryCompton scatteringlcsh:QC1-999Nuclear physicsPionDeuteriumPolarizabilityNeutronAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsExponential decayAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentNucleonlcsh:PhysicsPhysics Letters B
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