Search results for "scattering"

showing 10 items of 8332 documents

Author Correction: Induced unconventional superconductivity on the surface states of Bi2Te3 topological insulator

2018

Topological superconductivity is central to a variety of novel phenomena involving the interplay between topologically ordered phases and broken-symmetry states. The key ingredient is an unconventional order parameter, with an orbital component containing a chiral p x + ip y wave term. Here we present phase-sensitive measurements, based on the quantum interference in nanoscale Josephson junctions, realized by using Bi2Te3 topological insulator. We demonstrate that the induced superconductivity is unconventional and consistent with a sign-changing order parameter, such as a chiral p x + ip y component. The magnetic field pattern of the junctions shows a dip at zero externally applied magneti…

SuperconductivityPhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsScienceQGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrder (ring theory)General ChemistryScattering processAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityTopological insulatorMathematics::Category TheoryArrowAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicslcsh:QAuthor Correctionlcsh:ScienceAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSurface statesNature Communications
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Nonlinear electromagnetic response and Higgs-mode excitation in BCS superconductors with impurities

2019

We reveal that due to the presence of disorder oscillations of the order parameter amplitude called the Higgs mode can be effectively excited by the external electromagnetic radiation in usual BCS superconductors. This mechanism works for superconductors with both isotropic s-wave and anisotropic, such as d-wave, pairings. The non-linear response in the presence of impurities is captured by the quasiclassical formalism. We demonstrate that analytical solutions of the Eilenberger equation with impurity collision integral and external field drive coincide with the exact summation of ladder impurity diagrams. Using the developed formalism we show that resonant third-harmonic signal observed in…

SuperconductivityPhysicsScatteringCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiation3. Good healthSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Nonlinear systemAmplitudeCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityQuantum electrodynamicsExcited state0103 physical sciencesHiggs boson010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review B
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Intensity of theB1gphonon Raman scattering inYBa2Cu3O7: Comparison of normal and superconducting states

1995

We compare theoretically the intensity of the ${\mathit{B}}_{1\mathit{g}}$ phonon Raman scattering in ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ above and below the superconducting transition temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$. Our analysis shows that a considerable enhancement of the scattering intensity in the superconducting state that is observed experimentally can be caused by an extension of the number of intermediate electronic states near the Fermi surface that participate in the Raman process.

SuperconductivityPhysicsStatistics::TheoryStatistics::ApplicationsCondensed matter physicsScatteringPhononFermi surfaceElectronic statessymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::SuperconductivitysymbolsRaman spectroscopyIntensity (heat transfer)Raman scatteringPhysical Review B
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Critical Micelle Density for the Self-Assembly of Block Copolymer Surfactants in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

1999

The parameters which influence the self-assembly of molecules in solution include the temperature and solvent quality, and this study illustrates the use of these variables to regulate the degree of association of block copolymer amphiphiles in highly compressible supercritical carbon dioxide. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been used to examine the association behavior of a block copolymer containing a CO2-phobic moiety, poly(vinyl acetate), and a CO2-philic block, poly(1,1-dihydroperfluoro-octylacrylate). By adjustment of the density of the medium through pressure and temperature profiling, the self-assembly can be reversibly controlled from unimers to core−shell spherical micel…

Supercritical carbon dioxideMaterials scienceSurfaces and InterfacesNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsMicelleSupercritical fluidSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringchemistryAmphiphilePolymer chemistryElectrochemistryCopolymerVinyl acetateGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyLangmuir
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A combined small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering study of block copolymers micellisation in supercritical carbon dioxide

2003

Small angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS) are used to investigate the monomer–aggregate transition of fluorocarbon–hydrocarbon diblock copolymers in supercritical carbon dioxide. SANS data are analyzed using a polydisperse sphere core–shell model. Synchrotron SAXS data have been collected by profiling the pressure at different temperatures, and critical micellization densities have been obtained for a series of diblock solutions. Finally pressure jump experiments, combined with synchrotron SAXS, have revealed two steps in the dynamics of the formation of the aggregates.

Supercritical carbon dioxideScatteringChemistrySmall-angle X-ray scatteringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAnalytical chemistryX-raySmall-angle neutron scatteringGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySynchrotronlaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterlawPolymer chemistryCopolymerNeutronJournal of Applied Crystallography
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Solidification kinetics of hard-sphere colloidal suspensions

2007

We investigate the solidification dynamics of hard-sphere colloidal suspensions applying simultaneously small-angle and Bragg light scattering. These experiments allow a consistent picture of nucleation and crystal growth on the level of large-scale density fluctuations and of density fluctuations on the level of individual crystallites. We observe a temporally almost constant nucleation rate after an induction time that decreases with supersaturation. The classical expectation for the nucleation rate density as a function of supersaturation is in accordance with our data. We investigate the validity of the Wilson—Frenkel growth law for hard-sphere systems, which also fits our data satisfac…

SupersaturationOrders of magnitude (time)ChemistryChemical physicsNucleationMineralogyCrystal growthCrystalliteHard spheresLight scatteringOrder of magnitude
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A Stereochemically Driven Supramolecular Polymerisation

2018

Anthracyclines self-assemble in water into dimers. In the presence of sufficiently high salt (NaCl) concentrations, solutions of the antibiotic doxorubicin, but not those of the closely related molecules daunomycin and epirubicin, turn into gels barely compatible with the presence of small oligomers. The use of spectroscopic, scattering, imaging and computational techniques, allowed light to be shed on the self-assembly process that triggered doxorubicin gelification. A complex picture emerged, with doxorubicin molecules assembled into long, highly chiral, supramolecular aggregates made of hundreds of units, showing redshifted fluorescence spectra, very short fluorescence lifetimes and smal…

Supramolecular chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistrydoxorubicin01 natural sciencesCatalysisTurn (biochemistry)chemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsanthracyclines; doxorubicin; fluorescence; circular dichroism; SAXS; molecular dynamicsMoleculeanthracyclinesScatteringOrganic ChemistrySAXSGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFluorescencemolecular dynamicscircular dichroism0104 chemical sciencesMonomerchemistryPolymerizationfluorescence0210 nano-technologyChemistry - A European Journal
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Arithmetic and geometry of a K3 surface emerging from virtual corrections to Drell–Yan scattering

2020

We study a K3 surface, which appears in the two-loop mixed electroweak-quantum chromodynamic virtual corrections to Drell--Yan scattering. A detailed analysis of the geometric Picard lattice is presented, computing its rank and discriminant in two independent ways: first using explicit divisors on the surface and then using an explicit elliptic fibration. We also study in detail the elliptic fibrations of the surface and use them to provide an explicit Shioda--Inose structure. Moreover, we point out the physical relevance of our results.

Surface (mathematics)Algebra and Number TheoryRank (linear algebra)ScatteringHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFibrationStructure (category theory)General Physics and AstronomyLattice (discrete subgroup)K3 surfaceTheoretical physicsMathematics::Algebraic GeometryDiscriminantMathematical PhysicsMathematicsCommunications in Number Theory and Physics
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Isotopic Effects and Surface Absorption in $^{35-37}$Cl+$^{24}$Mg Interactions

1992

Abstract The few-nucleon transfer is found to play an important role in the isotopic effects observed in absorption. This conclusion is obtained by measuring elastic scattering and quasielastic reactions and by analysing elastic data with both phenomenological and microscopic models. The sensitivity domain is found to be different for imaginary and real potentials. The implication for the validity of the dispersion relation for phenomenological potentials at the real sensitivity radius, when transfers are important, is discussed.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsNuclear reactionElastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Radius[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Chemical physicsDispersion relationSensitivity (control systems)Atomic physicsNuclear ExperimentAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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Scattering loss analysis in PMMA WGM micro resonator from surface irregularities

2021

The following work shows new ways to analyze PMMA WGM micro resonators, that have irregularities, which acts as scattering centers. The scattering analyses could be used for integration into sensor systems and corrections of existing experiments.

Surface (mathematics)ResonatorWork (thermodynamics)Materials scienceOpticsScatteringbusiness.industryQ factorWhispering-gallery wavePhysical opticsbusinessFinite element methodOSA Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress 2021 (AIS, FTS, HISE, SENSORS, ES)
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