Search results for "screening"

Breast cancer screening : socioeconomic factors influencing the participation and screening round adequacy

2013

Mammography screening allowed breast tumors detection in early stage while treatments are less aggressive. Despite the fact that organized mammography screening has been free of charge for the target population since 2004 in France, the participation rate to the programme remains low.The aim of the studies was to investigate individual and area-level socioeconomic factors explaining low breast cancer screening attendance, individual factors influencing mammography screening round adequacy and to assess the evidence of screening round adequacy in the discovery of breast tumors.The results showed that women living in most deprived areas or rural areas, those covered by self-employed insurance…

IgG1 antiendomysium and IgG antitissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies in coeliac patients with selective IgA deficiency

2000

Background—In selective IgA deficiency (IgAD), there is no reliable screening test for coeliac disease (CD). Aim—To evaluate the usefulness of IgG1 antiendomysium and IgG antitissue transglutaminase tests for CD diagnosis in IgAD. Methods—IgA and IgG antigliadin antibodies (IgA- and IgG-AGA), IgA and IgG1 antiendomysium antibodies (IgA- and IgG1-EMA), and IgA and IgG antitissue

Detection and identification of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni from symptomless plant material: results of an Italian test performance study

2015

Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni, the causal agent of bacterial spot disease of stone fruits, is a regulated quarantine pathogen in the European Union, listed as an A2 pest by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). Because detection and identification of this pathogen is key for its management and to ensure the production of pest free propagation material, it should be based on reliable tests, in particular when dealing with symptomless material. The current EPPO diagnostic Standard (PM 7/64) does not provide specific molecular methods for detection of this pest. The present paper summarizes the results of a test-performance study (TPS) to validate, at a nation…

Screening for Slow Reading Acquisition in Norway and Finland : a Quest for Context Specific Predictors

2020

Early identification of children at risk of developing reading difficulties is crucial for effective interventions. While orthographies and educational contexts differ, predictors included in early at-risk screening tend to remain rather homogeneous across countries. In this study, we compared longitudinal prediction patterns of being among the 20 percent lowest performing in reading fluency by the end of Grade 1 in Norway (N = 918) and Finland (N =378). The two countries differ in orthographic consistency (semi-transparent versus transparent), age at school entry and pre-primary education. Letter knowledge, phoneme isolation and rapid automatized naming (RAN) were unique predictors in the …

Some issues concerning the statistical evaluation of a screening test: the ARFI ultrasound case

2013

In this paper we analyze some issues concerning the statistical evaluation of a screening test for classification. The case study is ARFI, an ultrasound device recently introduced, and used for the evaluation of liver fibrosis. First, we present a simple statistical evaluation based on a novel index that compare two competitors with respect to a gold standard, and then we propose a procedure that determines a table with the “acceptable” number of measurements to get an “accurate” diagnosis using the ARFI device.

Apetti generali degli screening.

2006

Gli screening periconcezionali e perinatali.

2009

Skin cancer screening – better safe than sorry

2020

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancers. In Latvia, on average there are approximately 200 new melanoma and 1300 non-melanoma cancer cases per year. Non-melanoma cancers are: Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma and others. It is essential to discover skin cancer at an early stage when it is treatable. For this reason, a reliable, non-invasive and quantitative skin cancer screening method is necessary in order to discover skin cancer as early as possible and to help physicians such as general practitioners and dermatologists assign patients to the best treatment as soon as possible. In this article, the current skin cancer incidence as well as the screening situation in Latv…

Survey on the prevalence of leptospira infections in the Italian population.

1994

This investigation is the first nationwide survey on the circulation of leptospira infections in human beings in Italy. In nine out of twenty Italian regions, representative samples of the population were investigated for the presence of leptospira infections. Unexpectedly, leptospira infections were found to be widespread, the number of cases being much higher than the diagnosed clinical cases. There were found to be high, medium, and low risk areas. On the whole, the risk for the rural population was no higher than the risk for urban dwellers; leisure activities, contact with animals and residence on the plain versus residence in the hills were important risk factors. There was an unident…

GPCALMA: A Grid-based tool for mammographic screening

2005

The next generation of High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments requires a GRID approach to a distributed computing system and the associated data management: the key concept is the Virtual Organisation (VO), a group of distributed users with a common goal and the will to share their resources. A similar approach is being applied to a group of Hospitals which joined the GPCALMA project (Grid Platform for Computer Assisted Library for MAmmography), which will allow common screening programs for early diagnosis of breast and, in the future, lung cancer. HEP techniques come into play in writing the application code, which makes use of neural networks for the image analysis and proved to be useful…