Search results for "script"
showing 10 items of 5143 documents
Tumor Hypoxia and Malignant Progression
2004
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses tumor hypoxia and malignant progression. Hypoxic (or anoxic) areas arise as a result of an imbalance between the supply and the consumption of oxygen. Whereas in normal tissues or organs the O2 supply matches the metabolic requirements, in locally advanced solid tumors the O2 consumption rate of neoplastic as well as stromal cells may outweigh an insufficient oxygen supply and result in the development of tissue areas with very low O2 levels. Major pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the emergence of hypoxia in solid tumors are (a) severe structural and functional abnormalities of the tumor microvessels (b) a deterioration of the diffusion geometry, …
Physiological Mechanisms of Treatment Resistance
2009
It is generally accepted that tumor perfusion, microcirculation, characteristics of the interstitial space of tumors, oxygen (and nutrient) supply, tissue pH distribution and the bioenergetic status—factors that are usually closely linked and that define the so-called pathophysiological microenvironment—can markedly influence the therapeutic response of malignant tumors to sparsely ionizing radiation, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, hormonal therapy and immunotherapy. Besides more direct mechanisms involved in the development of acquired therapeutic resistance, there are in addition, obstacles in intratumor pharmacokinetics of antitumor agents due to delivery problems caused by an inade…
Identification of sapovirus infection among Japanese infants in a day care center.
2005
A total of 921 fecal specimens collected from 44 infants in a day care center in Tokyo, Japan during June 1999 to July 2000 were tested for the presence of sapovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of 88 fecal specimens from infants with acute gastroenteritis, 2.3% (2) were found to be positive for sapovirus. Twenty-two of 833 (2.6%) fecal specimens collected from asymptomatic infants were also infected with this virus. Another interesting feature was the demonstration of high incidence of sapovirus infection (95.5%, 21 of 22) identified in a single day care center, which was not due to viral shedding after the latest acute gastroenteritis. Sapovirus was subject…
Functional and genetic characterization of the non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase 2 as a modifier for Gaucher disease.
2013
Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is the most common inherited lysosomal storage disorder in humans, caused by mutations in the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GBA1). GD is clinically heterogeneous and although the type of GBA1 mutation plays a role in determining the type of GD, it does not explain the clinical variability seen among patients. Cumulative evidence from recent studies suggests that GBA2 could play a role in the pathogenesis of GD and potentially interacts with GBA1. Methods: We used a framework of functional and genetic approaches in order to further characterize a potential role of GBA2 in GD. Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) levels in spleen, liver and brain…
Taste, movement, and death: varying effects of new prospero mutants during Drosophila development
2003
0022-3034 (Print) Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; The PGal4 transposon inserted upstream of the pan-neural gene prospero (pros) causes several neural and behavioral defects in the Voila(1) strain. The precise excision of the transposon simultaneously rescued all these defects whereas its unprecise excision created new pros(V) alleles, including the null allele pros(V17). Here, we describe the relationship between the genetic structure of pros locus, larval locomotion, and larval gustatory response. These two behaviors showed varying degrees of variation depending upon the pros allele. We also found a good relation between behavioral alteration, the level …
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Similarities and Dissimilarities in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wine Strains Response to Nitrogen Availabili…
2015
Nitrogen levels in grape-juices are of major importance in winemaking ensuring adequate yeast growth and fermentation performance. Here we used a comparative transcriptome analysis to uncover wine yeasts responses to nitrogen availability during fermentation. Gene expression was assessed in three genetically and phenotypically divergent commercial wine strains (CEG, VL1 and QA23), under low (67 mg/L) and high nitrogen (670 mg/L) regimes, at three time points during fermentation (12 h, 24 h and 96 h). Two-way ANOVA analysis of each fermentation condition led to the identification of genes whose expression was dependent on strain, fermentation stage and on the interaction of both factors. The…
Connecting Granular and Topological Relations through Description Logics
2021
Granularity deals with organizing in greater or lesser detail data, information, and knowledge that resides at a granular level. This organization is carried out according to certain criteria, which thereby provide a context view or dimension also called granular perspective. Topological relations express spatial associations among geospatial features (points, polylines, and polygons); they represent a horizontal spatial analysis. The two domains allow scientists to conceive different perspectives of the world. In this article, we aim to combine the two representations through Description Logics (DL) rules to relate granular (vertical representation) and geospatial topological (horizontal r…
Diagnosis of sublethal stress in the marine sponge Geodia cydonium: application of the 70 kDa heat-shock protein and a novel biomarker, the Rab GDP d…
1997
Abstract Sponges (Porifera) are among the major phyla inhabiting the marine hard-substrate benthos, both in respect to the number of species and their biomass. Hence reliable biomarkers need to be developed to monitor the environmental load in those animals. Recently, the cDNA for the heat shock protein HSP70 has been isolated from the sponge Geodia cydonium and found to be a reliable indicator for temperature stress. In the present study, we have isolated the Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which has previously been shown to be a key element in the intracellular traffic system. The 1521 bp long cDNA, encoding sponge GDI, has been isolated and analyzed. The deduced aa sequence ( M r =…
Dessine de tous tes yeux, dessine ! Apprendre l’architecture avec Georges Perec
2015
International audience
Wenker, Georg (1852–1911)
2006
Georg Wenker (1852–1911) was the founder of a) dialect cartography and b) of the ‘indirect method’ in dialectology. From the very beginning (1877), his maps were empirically based on some 40 Standard German sentences, the so-called 40 ‘Wenker sentences,’ composed under prestructural aspects with regard to the historical grammar and, consequently, to the structural approach to dialects in the Kleiner Deutscher Sprachatlas (see Veith et al., 1984–1999). Their translation into local dialects was done by public school children assisted; their teachers assisted them and wrote the translations down (‘indirect method’). This method of exploring was different from the direct method used, e.g., for …