Search results for "script"
showing 10 items of 5143 documents
Mir-661: A key Factor in Embryo-Maternal dialog With Potential Clinical Application to Predict Implantation Outcome?
2015
Implantation resulting in a full-term pregnancy is, by large, more than a passive process in which the developed conceptus is passively glued to the uterus through adhesive molecules. It is the result of a perfectly orchestrated dialog between a viable embryo and a receptive endometrium, through a mixture of paracrine and juxtacrine processes in which many key proteins and growth factors play fundamental roles (Pellicer et al., 2002.) Since their discovery, microRNAs have become prominent regulatory candidates, providing missing links for a few biological pathways in this process, although their exact role in human normal embryo formation and endometrial preparation for pregnancy remains un…
Adenoviral RB2/p130 gene transfer inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation and prevents restenosis after angioplasty.
1999
Abstract —Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation that results in neointima formation is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques and accounts for the high rates of restenosis that occur after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, a widespread treatment for coronary artery disease. Endothelial lesions trigger intense proliferative signals to the SMCs of the subintima, stimulating their reentry into the cell cycle from a resting G 0 state, resulting in neointima formation and vascular occlusion. Cellular proliferation is negatively controlled by growth-regulatory or tumor-suppressor genes, or both, such as the retinoblastoma gene family members ( RB/p105, p107, RB2…
Antagonistic roles for Ultrabithorax and Antennapedia in regulating segment-specific apoptosis of differentiated motoneurons in the Drosophila embryo…
2008
The generation of morphological diversity among segmental units of the nervous system is crucial for correct matching of neurons with their targets and for formation of functional neuromuscular networks. However, the mechanisms leading to segment diversity remain largely unknown. We report here that the Hox genes Ultrabithorax (Ubx) and Antennapedia (Antp) regulate segment-specific survival of differentiated motoneurons in the ventral nerve cord of Drosophilaembryos. We show that Ubx is required to activate segment-specific apoptosis in these cells, and that their survival depends on Antp. Expression of the Ubx protein is strongly upregulated in the motoneurons shortly before they undergo a…
Expression of Drosophila Cabut during early embryogenesis, dorsal closure and nervous system development.
2010
cabut (cbt) encodes a transcription factor involved in Drosophila dorsal closure (DC), and it is expressed in embryonic epithelial sheets and yolk cell during this process upon activation of the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Additional studies suggest that cbt may have a role in multiple developmental processes. To analyze Cbt localization through embryogenesis, we generated a Cbt specific antibody that has allowed detecting new Cbt expression patterns. Immunohistochemical analyses on syncytial embryos and S2 cells reveal that Cbt is localized on the surface of mitotic chromosomes at all mitotic phases. During DC, Cbt is expressed in the yolk cell, in epidermal cells and in…
Spatio-temporal expression of Prospero is finely tuned to allow the correct development and function of the nervous system in Drosophila melanogaster.
2007
0012-1606 (Print) Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Adaptive animal behaviors depend upon the precise development of the nervous system that underlies them. In Drosophila melanogaster, the pan-neural prospero gene (pros), is involved in various aspects of neurogenesis including cell cycle control, axonal outgrowth, neuronal and glial cell differentiation. As these results have been generally obtained with null pros mutants inducing embryonic lethality, the role of pros during later development remains poorly known. Using several pros-Voila (prosV) alleles, that induce multiple developmental and behavioral anomalies in the larva and in adult, we explored the…
Ems and Nkx6 are central regulators in dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila brain
2009
In central nervous system development, the identity of neural stem cells (neuroblasts) critically depends on the precise spatial patterning of the neuroectoderm in the dorsoventral (DV) axis. Here, we uncover a novel gene regulatory network underlying DV patterning in the Drosophila brain, and show that the cephalic gap gene empty spiracles (ems) and the Nk6 homeobox gene (Nkx6) encode key regulators. The regulatory network implicates novel interactions between these and the evolutionarily conserved homeobox genes ventral nervous system defective (vnd), intermediate neuroblasts defective (ind) and muscle segment homeobox (msh). We show that Msh cross-repressively interacts with Nkx6 to sust…
Thyroid hormones and the central nervous system of mammals (Review)
2008
Abstract. The thyroid hormones (THs) L-thyroxine (T4) and L-triiodothyronine (T3) have a profound influence on the development and maturation of the mammalian brain, both before and after birth. Any impairment in the supply of THs to the developing nervous system leads to severe and irreversible changes in both the overall architecture and functions of the brain and causes, in humans, neurological and motor deficits known as cretinism. Pronounced neurological symptoms are also commonly observed in adult patients suffering from both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, and it has recently emerged that certain symptoms might result from the reduced brain uptake, rather than the insufficient pr…
The columnar gene vnd is required for tritocerebral neuromere formation during embryonic brain development of Drosophila.
2006
International audience; In Drosophila, evolutionarily conserved transcription factors are required for the specification of neural lineages along the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes, such as Hox genes for anteroposterior and columnar genes for dorsoventral patterning. In this report, we analyse the role of the columnar patterning gene ventral nervous system defective (vnd) in embryonic brain development. Expression of vnd is observed in specific subsets of cells in all brain neuromeres. Loss-of-function analysis focussed on the tritocerebrum shows that inactivation of vnd results in regionalized axonal patterning defects, which are comparable with the brain phenotype caused by mutatio…
Characterization of molecular mechanisms underlying the axonal Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy caused by MORC2 mutations
2019
Mutations in MORC2 lead to an axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy type 2Z. To date, 31 families have been described with mutations in MORC2, indicating that this gene is frequently involved in axonal CMT cases. While the genetic data clearly establish the causative role of MORC2 in CMT2Z, the impact of its mutations on neuronal biology and their phenotypic consequences in patients remains to be clarified. We show that the full-length form of MORC2 is highly expressed in both embryonic and adult human neural tissues and that Morc2 expression is dynamically regulated in both the developing and the maturing murine nervous system. To determine the effect of the most common MORC2…
Segment-specific requirements for dorsoventral patterning genes during early brain development in Drosophila.
2006
An initial step in the development of the Drosophila central nervous system is the delamination of a stereotype population of neural stem cells (neuroblasts, NBs) from the neuroectoderm. Expression of the columnar genes ventral nervous system defective (vnd), intermediate neuroblasts defective (ind) and muscle segment homeobox (msh) subdivides the truncal neuroectoderm(primordium of the ventral nerve cord) into a ventral, intermediate and dorsal longitudinal domain, and has been shown to play a key role in the formation and/or specification of corresponding NBs. In the procephalic neuroectoderm(pNE, primordium of the brain), expression of columnar genes is highly complex and dynamic, and th…