Search results for "secondary"

Parathyroid hormone is inversely related to endothelin-1 in patients on haemodialysis

2008

SUMMARY: Aim: Parathyroid hormone secretion is mainly influenced by hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and vitamin D deficiency. However, previous in vitro and in vivo studies showed that endothelin-1 can influence parathyroid hormone secretion. This study was aimed at evaluating this relationship in vivo in uraemic patients. Methods: Parathyroid hormone and endothelin-1 plasma concentrations were measured in 67 haemodialysed patients. Patients with history of cardiovascular diseases and those with parathyroid adenoma were excluded. Results: Plasma levels of endothelin-1 were found to be inversely related to those of parathyroid hormone (P < 0.04) The multiple regression analysis, carried ou…

Occupation, education, and Parkinson's disease: A case-control study in an Italian population

1996

Current epidemiologic data on the association between occupational exposures and Parkinson's disease (PD) are inconsistent. In a case-control study, we investigated the associations between occupation and PD and between education and PD. The cases (n = 62) were those identified in a prevalence survey (door-to-door, two-phase) of three Sicilian municipalities, as a November 1, 1987. We then randomly selected from the general population two controls for each case, matched for age ( +/- year), sex, and municipality (n = 124). Information on current and past occupations and education for cases and controls was obtained during the survey. Subjects who worked for most of their lives as farmers we…

How increased pertussis vaccination coverage is changing the epidemiology of pertussis in Italy.

2005

Abstract The epidemiology of pertussis in Italy is described by using data from the statutory notification system and from seroepidemiology studies. Starting from the 1990s, the incidence of pertussis in Italy has shown a sharp decline and is now at the lowest level ever reached. During this time period vaccination coverage has increased from 88% in 1998 to 95% in 2003. In 1996–97, the prevalence of subjects with levels of IgG antibodies against PT greater than 2 EU/ml was 77.6%. The increase in vaccination coverage will probably change the pattern of disease transmission and increase the number of susceptible adults, unless administration of booster doses to adolescents and adults is consi…

Secondary syphilis as a single annular plaque on the penis mimicking granuloma annulare

2021

Beclomethasone dipropionate in Crohn's ileitis: A randomised, double-blind trial.

2011

Abstract Background Steroids, the mainstay of Crohn's disease treatment, have been associated with systemic side effects. Aim To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of beclomethasone dipropionate for maintaining remission induced by a short course of systemic steroids in patients with Crohn's ileitis with or without right colonic involvement. Methods Patients (n = 84) with active Crohn's disease who achieved remission during a 2-week prednisone run-in period were randomised to receive beclomethasone dipropionate for 24 weeks or continue prednisone for a further 2 weeks followed by placebo for 22 weeks. The primary outcome was relapse rate (Crohn's Disease Activity Index score > 150 and a…

Predicting relapse after a first episode of non-affective psychosis: A three-year follow-up study

2011

Preventing relapse during the first years of illness has a critical impact on lifelong outcomes in schizophrenia. A better understanding and improvement in factors which influence relapse should diminish the risk of relapse and consequently improve the outcome of the illness.To identify factors associated with relapse after 3 years of a first episode in a sample of non-affective psychosis patients who are representative of clinical practice in an epidemiological catchment.We analyzed socio-demographic and clinical data from a cohort of patients who were treated in a specialized early intervention service and who were at risk of relapse during a 3-year follow-up. Univariate analyses, logisti…

Urine Testing During Treatntent Predicts Cocaine Abstinence

2010

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the variables that predict cocaine abstinence on an outpatient program for the treatment of addiction to this substance. Participants were 80 patients (85% men and 15% women) selected at random from those receiving treatment at a Spanish health service outpatient unit. For detecting the predictor variables the authors carried out a chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) analysis. Logistic regression analysis and discriminant analysis were performed to estimate the probability of abstinence according to/using the predictor variables detected by CHAID analysis. Abstinence rate after six months of treatment was 37.5%. The …

Multisensorial Perception in Chronic Migraine and the Role of Medication Overuse.

2020

Multisensory processing can be assessed by measuring susceptibility to crossmodal illusions such as the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI). When a single flash is accompanied by 2 or more beeps, it is perceived as multiple flashes (fission illusion); conversely, a fusion illusion is experienced when more flashes are matched with a single beep, leading to the perception of a single flash. Such illusory perceptions are associated to crossmodal changes in visual cortical excitability. Indeed, increasing occipital cortical excitability, by means of transcranial electrical currents, disrupts the SIFI (ie, fission illusion). Similarly, a reduced fission illusion was shown in patients with episod…

Economic evaluation of prolonged and enhanced ECG Holter monitoring in acute ischemic stroke patients

2019

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause for recurrent stroke, has severe impact on a patient's health and imposes a high economic burden for society. Current guidelines recommend 24 h ECG monitoring (standard-of-care, SoC) to detect AF after stroke to reduce the risk of future events. However, paroxysmal AF (PAF) is difficult to detect within this period as it occurs infrequently and unpredictably. In a randomized controlled trial (Find-AF(RANDOMISED)), prolonged and enhanced Holter ECG monitoring (EPM) revealed a significantly higher detection rate of AF compared to SoC, although its cost-effectiveness has not yet been investigated. Methods: Based on the data of FIND-AF(RANDOM…

Residual vein thrombosis to establish duration of anticoagulation after a first episode of deep vein thrombosis: the Duration of Anticoagulation base…

2008

Abstract Residual vein thrombosis (RVT) indicates a prothrombotic state and is useful for evaluating the optimal duration of oral anticoagulant treatment (OAT). Patients with a first episode of deep vein thrombosis, treated with OAT for 3 months, were managed according to RVT findings. Those with RVT were randomized to either stop or continue anticoagulants for 9 additional months, whereas in those without RVT, OAT was stopped. Outcomes were recurrent venous thromboembolism and/or major bleeding. Residual thrombosis was detected in 180 (69.8%) of 258 patients; recurrent events occurred in 27.2% of those who discontinued (25/92; 15.2% person-years) and 19.3% of those who continued OAT (17/88…