Search results for "self-administration"

Evaluation of chronic alcohol self-administration by a 3-bottle choice paradigm in adult male rats. Effects on behavioural reactivity, spatial learni…

2011

Chronic ethanol consumption is able to modify emotional behaviour and cognition in humans. In particular, the effects exerted by alcohol may depend on doses, time and modalities of administration. In this study we investigated, in adult male rats, ethanol self-administration and preference patterns using a 3-bottle choice paradigm with water, 10% ethanol solution, and white wine (10%, v/v), along a four-week period. The influence of alcohol free-access on novelty-induced explorative behaviour in the open field, and on spatial learning and reference memory in the Morris water maze was also evaluated. Our results indicate that: (i) rats show a higher preference for alcohol, in the first two w…

Insulin acts at different CNS sites to decrease acute sucrose intake and sucrose self-administration in rats.

2008

Findings from our laboratory and others have demonstrated that the hormone insulin has chronic effects within the CNS to regulate energy homeostasis and to decrease brain reward function. In this study, we compared the acute action of insulin to decrease intake of a palatable food in two different behavioral tasks—progressive ratios sucrose self-administration and mu opioid-stimulated sucrose feeding—when administered into several insulin-receptive sites of the CNS. We tested insulin efficacy within the medial hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei, the nucleus accumbens, and the ventral tegmental area. Administration of insulin at a dose that has no chronic effect on …

Acetaldehyde and Motivation

2019

Abstract Acetaldehyde contributes to alcohol’s neuroactive effects through its own motivational properties. This chapter gathers current evidence on acetaldehyde psychoactive action, focusing on behavioral investigations able to unveil acetaldehyde rewarding effects and their pharmacological modulation in vivo. Acetaldehyde induces conditioned place preference for paired environment and cues and is dose-dependently self-administered in a two-bottle choice drinking paradigm. Acetaldehyde’s motivational properties are further highlighted by operant paradigms tailored to model several addiction-like behaviors, such as induction and maintenance of operant responding, drug-seeking in extinction,…

Effects of repeated social defeat on adolescent mice on cocaine-induced CPP and self-administration in adulthood: integrity of the blood-brain barrier

2015

Social stress in adulthood enhances cocaine self-administration, an effect that has been related with an increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. A detrimental effect of cocaine on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity has also been reported. This study evaluates the effects of repeated social defeat (RSD) during adolescence on the reinforcing and motivational effects of cocaine in adult mice and the changes induced by RSD on BBB permeability. Cocaine self-administration, conditioned place preference and quantitative analysis of claudin-5, laminin, collagen-IV and IgG immunoreactivity took place 3 weeks after RSD. Mice social…

Dopamine involvement in Acetaldehyde drinking behaviour: role of Ropinirole on.

2013

Rats self-administer acetaldehyde(ACD), ethanol's first metabolite, directly into cerebral ventricles (1), and multiple ICV infusions of ACD produce conditioned place preference (2). ACD, such as alcohol and other substances of abuse, interacts with dopaminergic reward system (3) and its reinforcing and addictive properties have been assessed through an operant-conflict conditioning procedure (4). Since dopamine D2receptor over-expression in the Nacc attenuates alcohol intake (5), this study aims at exploring the effects of ropinirole administration during abstinence, on ACD relapse. The protocol has been scheduled into 3 different periods: training ( animals have been trained to self-admin…

Evaluation of chronic alcohol self-administration in male and female rats using a 3-bottle choice paradigm. Sexually dimorphic effects on spatial lea…

2011

Individual vulnerability to stress is associated with increased demand for intravenous heroin self-administration in rats

2019

AbstractOpioid use is a widespread epidemic, and traumatic stress exposure is a critical risk factor in opioid use and relapse. There is a significant gap in our understanding of how stress contributes to heroin use, and there are limited studies investigating individual differences underlying stress reactivity and subsequent stress-induced heroin self-administration. We hypothesized that greater individual vulnerability to stress would predict higher demand for heroin self-administration in a within-subjects rodent model of stress and heroin use comorbidity. Male rats were exposed to inescapable intermittent swim stress and individual biological (corticosterone) or behavioral (open field, …

Cannabidiol Treatment Might Promote Resilience to Cocaine and Methamphetamine Use Disorders: A Review of Possible Mechanisms

2019

Currently, there are no approved pharmacotherapies for addiction to cocaine and other psychostimulant drugs. Several studies have proposed that cannabidiol (CBD) could be a promising treatment for substance use disorders. In the present work, the authors describe the scarce preclinical and human research about the actions of CBD on the effects of stimulant drugs, mainly cocaine and methamphetamine (METH). Additionally, the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of CBD on stimulant use disorders are reviewed. CBD has reversed toxicity and seizures induced by cocaine, behavioural sensitization induced by amphetamines, motivation to self-administer cocaine and METH, context- …