Search results for "semantic analysis"
showing 10 items of 56 documents
Extracting Semantic Knowledge from Unstructured Text Using Embedded Controlled Language
2016
Nowadays, most of the data on the Web is still in the form of unstructured text. Knowledge extraction from unstructured text is highly desirable but extremely challenging due to the inherent ambiguity of natural language. In this article, we present an architecture of an information extraction system based on the concept of Embedded Controlled Language that allows for extracting formal semantic knowledge from an unstructured text corpus. Moreover, the presented approach has a potential to support multilingual input and output.
A Semantic Layer on Semi-structured Data Sources for Intuitive Chatbots
2009
The main limits of chatbot technology are related to the building of their knowledge representation and to their rigid information retrieval and dialogue capabilities, usually based on simple "pattern matching rules". The analysis of distributional properties of words in a texts corpus allows the creation of semantic spaces where represent and compare natural language elements. This space can be interpreted as a "conceptual" space where the axes represent the latent primitive concepts of the analyzed corpus. The presented work aims at exploiting the properties of a data-driven semantic/conceptual space built using semi-structured data sources freely available on the web, like Wikipedia. Thi…
A KST-BASED SYSTEM FOR STUDENT TUTORING
2008
Abstract: A novel assessment procedure based on knowledge space theory (KST) is presented along with a complete implementation of an intelligent tutoring system. (ITS) that has been used to test our theoretical findings. The key idea is that correct assessment of the student knowledge is strictly related to the structure of the domain ontology. Suitable relationships between the concepts must be present to allow the creation of a reverse path from the "knowledge state" representing the student goal to the one that contains her actual knowledge about this topic. Knowledge space theory is a very good framework to guide the process of building the ontology used, by the artificial tutor The sys…
A Geometric Approach to Automatic Description of Iconic Scenes
2005
It is proposed a step towards the automatic description of scenes with a geometric approach. The scenes considered are composed by a set of elements that can be geometric forms or iconic representation of objects. Every icon is characterized by a set of attributes like shape, colour, position, orientation. Each scene is related to a set of sentences describing its content. The proposed approach builds a data driven vector semantic space where the scenes and the sentences are mapped. Sentences and scene with the same meaning are mapped in near vectors and distance criteria allow retrieving semantic relations.
Convergence of Web 2.0 and Semantic Web: A Semantic Tagging and Searching System for Creating and Searching Blogs
2007
The work presented in this paper aims to combine Latent Semantic Analysis methodology, common sense and traditional knowledge representation in order to improve the dialogue capabilities of a conversational agent. In our approach the agent brain is characterized by two areas: a "rational area", composed by a structured, rule-based knowledge base, and an "associative area", obtained through a data- driven semantic space. Concepts are mapped in this space and their mutual geometric distance is related to their conceptual similarity. The geometric distance between concepts implicitly defines a sub-symbolic relationship net, which can be seen as a new "sub- symbolic semantic layer" automaticall…
Predicting Word Maturity from Frequency and Semantic Diversity: A Computational Study
2016
Semantic word representation changes over different ages of childhood until it reaches its adult form. One method to formally model this change is the word maturity paradigm. This method uses a text sample for each age, including adult age, and transforms the samples into a semantic space by means of Latent Semantic Analysis. The representation of a word at every age is then compared with its adult representation via computational maturity indices. The present study used this paradigm to explore to the impact of word frequency and semantic diversity on maturation indices. To do this, word maturity indices were extracted from a Spanish incremental corpus and validated, using correlation scor…
Semantic Word Error Rate for Sentence Similarity
2016
Sentence similarity measures have applications in several tasks, including: Machine Translation, Paraphrase Iden- tification, Speech Recognition, Question-answering and Text Summarization. However, measures designed for these tasks are aimed at assessing equivalence rather than resemblance, partly departing from human cognition of similarity. While this is reasonable for these activities, it hinders the applicability of sentence similarity measures to other tasks. We therefore propose a new sentence similarity measure specifically designed for resemblance evaluation, in order to cover these fields better. Experimental results are discussed.
Silent music reading: Amateur musicians' visual processing and descriptive skill
2013
This article addresses the silent reading of music notation, combining eye-movement measures with a semantic analysis of readers’ verbal descriptions of the notated music. A group of musical novices ( n = 16) and two groups of musical amateurs (less experienced n = 11 and more experienced n = 10) participated in three separate measurement sessions during a nine-month-long university music course designed for future primary-school teachers. In each session they viewed a notated folk song for 30 s and then described what they had seen. Greater musical experience was found to be connected with shorter fixation durations, more linear scanning of the notated music, and more accurate and integra…
Semantics driven interaction using natural language in students tutoring
2007
The aim of this work is to introduce a semantic integration between an ontology and a chatbot in an Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) to interact with students using natural language. The interaction process is driven by the use of a purposely defined ontology. In the ontology two types of conceptual relations are defined. Besides the usual relations, which are used to define the domain's structure, another type of relation is used to define the navigation schema inside the ontology according to the need of managing uncertainty. Uncertainty level is related to student knowledge level about the involved concepts. In this work we propose an ITS for the Java programming language called TutorJ…
An Emphatic Humanoid Robot with Emotional Latent Semantic Behavior
2008
In this paper we propose an Entertainment Humanoid Robot model based on Latent Semantic Analysis, that tries to exhibit an emotional behavior in the interaction with human. Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), based on vector space allows the coding of the words semantics by specific statistical computations applied to a large corpus of text. We illustrate how the creation and the use of this emotional conceptual space can provide a framework upon which to build “Latent Semantic Behavior” because it simulates the emotionalassociative capabilities of human beings. This approach integrates traditional knowledge representation with intuitive capabilities provided by geometric and sub-symbolic infor…